Astigmatism

Astigmatism wani nau'i ne na kuskuren ido. Kurakurai masu jujjuyawa suna haifar da hangen nesa. Wadannan sune mafi yawan dalilan da yasa mutum yake zuwa ganin kwararrun ido.

Sauran nau'ikan kurakurai masu ban sha'awa sune:

• Neman hangen nesa
• Dubawa

Mutane na iya gani saboda gaban ido (cornea) yana iya tankwara (ƙyamar) haske kuma ya mai da shi kan ƙirar ido. Wannan shine bayan fuskar ido.

Idan hasken haske bai mai da hankali sosai akan kwayar ido ba, hotunan da kuke gani na iya zama marasa haske.

Tare da astigmatism, cornea yana da lankwasa mara kyau. Wannan ƙwanƙwasawa yana sa hangen nesa ya zama baya cikin hankali.

Dalilin astigmatism ba a san shi ba. An fi samun hakan tun daga haihuwa. Astigmatism yakan faru tare tare da hangen nesa ko hangen nesa. Idan astigmatism yayi tsanani, to alama ce ta keratoconus.

Astigmatism yana da yawa. Wani lokaci yakan faru ne bayan wasu nau'ikan tiyatar ido, kamar su aikin tiyatar ido.

Astigmatism yana da wahalar ganin cikakkun bayanai, ko dai kusa ko daga nesa.

Astigmatism ana iya bincikar shi ta hanyar gwajin ido na yau da kullun tare da gwajin refraction. Ba a buƙatar gwaji na musamman a mafi yawan lokuta.

Yara ko manya waɗanda ba za su iya amsawa ga gwajin ƙyama ta al'ada ba na iya auna ƙyamar su ta gwajin da ke amfani da hasken da ya bayyana (retinoscopy).

Astigmatism mai sauki bazai bukaci gyara ba.

Gilashi ko ruwan tabarau na tuntuɓi zai gyara astigmatism, amma ba ya warkar da shi.

Yin aikin tiyata na laser zai iya taimakawa canza fasalin farfajiyar cornea don kawar da astigmatism, tare da hangen nesa ko hangen nesa.

Astigmatism na iya canzawa tare da lokaci, yana buƙatar sabon tabarau ko ruwan tabarau na tuntuɓa. Gyara hangen nesa na Laser galibi yana iya kawar da shi, ko kuma rage yawan astigmatism.

A cikin yara, rashin gyara astigmatism a cikin ido ɗaya kaɗai na iya haifar da amblyopia.

Kira likitocin kiwon lafiya ko likitan ido idan matsalolin hangen nesa sun ta'azzara, ko kar a inganta da tabarau ko ruwan tabarau na tuntuɓar juna.

• Ganin jarabawar gani

Chiu B, Matasa JA. Gyara kurakurai masu ratsa jiki. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 2.4.

Jain S, Hardten DR, Ang LPK, Azar DT. Haɓakar farfajiyar laser mai ƙayatarwa: keratectomy mai ɗaukar hoto (PRK), keratomileusis na laser (LASEK), da Epi-LASIK. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 3.3.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Abubuwa marasa kyau na gyarawa da masauki. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 638.