Maganin retinitis pigmentosa

Retinitis pigmentosa cuta ce ta ido wacce a ciki akwai lalacewar kwayar ido. Eriyar ido shine murfin nama a bayan ido na ciki. Wannan layin yana canza hotuna masu haske zuwa siginar jijiyoyi kuma ya aika su zuwa kwakwalwa.

Retinitis pigmentosa na iya gudana cikin dangi. Rashin lafiyar na iya haifar da lahani da yawa na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Cellsananan ƙwayoyin da ke kula da hangen nesa na dare (sanduna) da alama za a iya shafar su. Koyaya, a wasu yanayi, ƙwayoyin mazugi na retinal sun fi lalacewa. Babban alamar cutar ita ce kasancewar duhun duhu a cikin tantanin ido.

Babban mawuyacin haɗarin shine tarihin iyali na retinitis pigmentosa. Yanayi ne mai wuya wanda ya shafi kusan 1 cikin mutane 4,000 a Amurka.

Kwayar cututtuka sau da yawa fara bayyana a lokacin yarinta. Koyaya, matsalolin hangen nesa masu yawa basa ci gaba kafin balagarsu.

• Rage gani a dare ko a ƙaramar haske. Alamomin farko zasu iya haɗawa da wahalar motsi a cikin duhu.
• Rashin hangen nesa (gefe), haifar da "hangen nesa."
• Rashin hangen nesa na tsakiya (a cikin al'amuran ci gaba). Wannan zai shafi ikon karantawa.

Gwaje-gwaje don tantance kwayar ido:

• Ganin launi
• Gwajin kwayar ido ta ophthalmoscopy bayan an fadada daliban
• Fluorescein angiography
• Raarfin intraocular
• Gwajin aikin lantarki a cikin kwayar ido (electroretinogram)
• Amsar dalibi
• Refraction gwajin
• Rikicin retinal
• Gwajin hangen nesa (gwajin filin gani)
• Tsaga fitilar jarrabawa
• Kaifin gani

Babu ingantaccen magani ga wannan yanayin. Sanye tabarau don kare kwayar ido daga hasken ultraviolet na iya taimakawa kiyaye gani.

Wasu nazarin sun ba da shawarar cewa magani tare da antioxidants (kamar yawan ƙwayoyin bitamin A palmitate) na iya rage cutar. Koyaya, shan babban allunan bitamin A na iya haifar da babbar matsalar hanta. Amfanin magani dole ne a auna shi game da haɗarin hanta.

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje na ci gaba don nazarin sababbin jiyya don retinitis pigmentosa, gami da amfani da DHA, wanda shine omega-3 fatty acid.

Sauran jiyya, kamar su microchip implants a cikin kwayar ido wanda yake kama da kyamarar bidiyo, suna cikin matakan farko na cigaba. Wadannan jiyya na iya zama da amfani ga magance makafin da ke hade da RP da sauran yanayin ido masu tsanani.

Kwararren masanin hangen nesa zai iya taimaka muku daidaitawa da rashin gani. Ziyartar kai tsaye zuwa ga kwararren kula da ido, wanda zai iya gano ido ko kumburin ido. Duk waɗannan matsalolin za a iya magance su.

Ciwon zai ci gaba da tafiya sannu a hankali. Cikakken makanta baƙon abu bane.

Rashin hangen nesa na gefe da na tsakiya zai faru a kan lokaci.

Mutanen da ke dauke da cutar retinitis pigmentosa galibi suna kamuwa da cutar ido da wuri. Hakanan kuma suna iya haifar da kumburin ido (macular edema). Ana iya cire cututtukan ido idan sun taimaka ga rashin gani.

Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kana da matsaloli game da hangen nesa na dare ko kuma ka ci gaba da sauran alamun wannan cuta.

Shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta da gwaji na iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko yaranku suna cikin haɗarin wannan cuta.

RP; Rashin hangen nesa - RP; Rashin hangen nesa na dare - RP; Rod Cone dystrophy; Rashin hangen nesa gefe - RP; Makantar dare

• Ido
• Tsaguwa-fitilar jarrabawa

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Cututtuka na tsarin gani. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 395.

Cukras CA, Zein WM, Caruso RC, Sieving PA. Ci gaba da kuma 'tsittsauran ’gado na lalacewar ido. A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 6.14.

Gregory-Evans K, Weleber RG, Pennesi ME. Retinitis pigmentosa da cututtukan ƙawaye. A cikin: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Ryan's Retina. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 42.

Olitisky SE, Marsh JD. Rikice-rikicen ido da na kwayar ido. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 648.