Choanal atresia

Choanal atresia shine taƙaitawa ko toshewar hanyar hanci ta nama. Yanayi ne na haifuwa, ma'ana ya kasance lokacin haihuwa.

Ba a san musabbabin choanal atresia ba. Ana tsammanin zai faru lokacinda siraran siran jikin da ke raba hanci da bakin yankin yayin ci gaban tayi ya kasance bayan haihuwa.

Yanayin shine mummunan rashin lafiyar hanci ga jarirai jarirai. Mata na samun wannan matsalar kusan ninki biyu fiye da na maza. Fiye da rabin jariran da abin ya shafa suma suna da wasu matsaloli na haihuwa.

Choanal atresia galibi ana gano shi jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa yayin da jaririn ke asibiti.

Gaba daya jarirai sun fi son numfashi ta hanci. Yawanci, jarirai suna numfasawa ne kawai ta bakinsu lokacin da suke kuka. Yaran da ke da ƙwayar choanal atresia suna da wahalar numfashi sai dai idan suna kuka.

Choanal atresia na iya shafar ɗayan ko duka ɓangarorin hucin hanci. Choanal atresia yana toshe duka ɓangarorin hanci yana haifar da matsaloli na numfashi tare da canza launin shuɗi da gazawar numfashi. Irin waɗannan jarirai na iya buƙatar farfadowa a lokacin haihuwa. Fiye da rabi na jarirai suna da toshewa a gefe ɗaya kawai, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli kaɗan.

Kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Kirji ya janye sai dai idan yaron yana numfashi ta baki ko kuka.
• Wahalar numfashi bayan haihuwa, wanda zai iya haifar da cyanosis (bluish disloration), sai dai in jariri yana kuka.
• Rashin iya jinya da numfashi a lokaci guda.
• Rashin iya wuce butar ruwa ta kowane gefen hanci zuwa makogwaro.
• Toshewar hanci ko fitarwa mai dorewa.

Gwajin jiki na iya nuna toshewar hanci.

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• CT dubawa
• Endoscopy na hanci
• Sinus x-ray

Abun damuwa nan da nan shine sake farfado da jaririn idan ya cancanta. Ana iya sanya hanyar iska don jariri ya numfasa. A wasu lokuta, ana iya buƙatar intubation ko tracheostomy.

Jariri na iya koyon yadda ake numfashi a baki, wanda hakan na iya jinkirta bukatar tiyata kai tsaye.

Yin aikin tiyata don cire matsalar yana magance matsalar. Za a iya jinkirta yin tiyata idan jariri zai iya jure numfashin bakinsa. Ana iya yin tiyatar ta hanci (transnasal) ko ta bakin (a bayyane).

Ana sa ran cikakken dawowa.

Matsalolin da ka iya faruwa sun hada da:

• Buri yayin ciyarwa da yunƙurin numfasawa ta cikin baki
• Kama numfashi
• Sake sake yanki yankin bayan tiyata

Choanal atresia, musamman lokacin da ya shafi bangarorin biyu, gabaɗaya ana bincikar shi jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa yayin da jaririn ke asibiti. Atresia mai gefe ɗaya bazai haifar da alamun bayyanar ba, kuma ana iya aika da jariri gida ba tare da ganewar asali ba.

Idan jaririnka yana da kowace irin matsalar da aka lissafa anan, sai ka shawarci likitanka. Yaron na iya buƙatar bincika ƙwararren kunne, hanci, da maƙogwaro (ENT).

Babu sanannun rigakafin.

Elluru RG. Cutar nakasa na hanci da nasopharynx. A cikin: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ciwon kai da wuya. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: babi na 189.

Haddad J, Dodhia SN. Hanyoyin cuta na hanci. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 404.

Otteson TD, Wang T. Raunin hanyoyin jirgin sama na sama a cikin sabon jariri. A cikin: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff da Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 68.