Tsarin haihuwa da tsarin iyali

Zaɓinku na hanyar hana haihuwa ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, gami da lafiyar ku, sau nawa kuke yin jima'i, da kuma ko kuna son yara ko a'a.

Ga wasu tambayoyin da zakuyi la’akari dasu yayin zabar hanyar hana haihuwa:

• Ta yaya hanyar ke hana ɗaukar ciki? Don sanin yadda wata dabara take aiki, kalli adadin mata masu ciki da suke amfani da wannan hanyar tsawon shekara 1.
• Menene ra'ayinku game da samun ciki? Shin ciki mara tsari ba zai haifar da wahala ko damuwa ga mace ko abokiyar zamanta ba? Ko kuma za a yi marhabin da juna biyu idan ya faru a baya kamar yadda aka tsara?
• Nawa ne hanyar hana haihuwa? Shin shirin inshorar ku ya biya shi?
• Menene haɗarin lafiya? Yi magana game da waɗannan haɗarin tare da mai kula da lafiyar ku kafin gaskata abin da kuka ji daga wasu.
• Shin abokin tarayyar ku yana shirye ya karɓa da amfani da hanyar da aka bayar na hana haihuwa?
• Shin kuna son hanyar da kawai kuke buƙatar amfani da ita yayin yin jima'i? Ko kuna son wani abu wanda yake cikin wuri kuma koyaushe yana aiki?
• Shin hana yaduwar cututtuka ta hanyar saduwa da jima'i yana da mahimmanci? Yawancin hanyoyi ba sa kare ku daga cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i (STIs). Kwaroron roba shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don hana cututtukan STI. Suna aiki mafi kyau yayin haɗuwa da kwayoyin halittar jini.
• Kasancewa: Shin ana iya amfani da hanyar ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba, ziyarar mai kawowa, ko kuma, dangane da kananan yara, yardar iyaye?

HANYOYI NA BARRI NA HARKAR HAIHUWA

Kwangila:

• Kondron roba wata sirarriyar leda ce ko fatar polyurethane. Ana sanya kwaroron roba na maza a kusa da azzakarin namiji. Ana sanya kwaroron roba na mata a cikin farji kafin saduwa.
• Dole ne a sanya roba a kowane lokaci yayin saduwa don hana daukar ciki.
• Ana iya siyan robar roba a yawancin shagunan sayar da magani da kayan masarufi. Wasu asibitocin bada tazaran iyali suna bada kwaroron roba kyauta. Ba kwa buƙatar takardar sayan magani don samun robar roba.

DIAPHRAGM DA KYAUTA KATSINA:

• A diaphragm kofi ne na roba mai sassauƙa wanda aka cika shi da cream na spermicidal cream ko jelly.
• Ana sanya shi a cikin farji a saman mahaifa kafin saduwa, don hana maniyyi isa mahaifa.
• Ya kamata a bar shi a wuri na tsawon awanni 6 zuwa 8 bayan saduwa.
• Dole ne mai ba da mata ya wajabta diaphragms. Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai ƙayyade daidai nau'in da girman diaphragm ga mace.
• Kimanin ciki 5 zuwa 20 na faruwa sama da shekara 1 a cikin mata 100 masu amfani da wannan hanyar, gwargwadon amfani mai kyau.
• Mai kama da haka, karami na’ura ana kiranta murfin mahaifa.
• Haɗarin ya haɗa da fushin da halayen rashin lafiyan ga diaphragm ko spermicide, da ƙara yawan kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari da cutar yisti ta farji. A cikin wasu lokuta, cututtukan gigicewa masu guba na iya faruwa a cikin matan da suka bar diaphragm cikin dogon lokaci. Hular bakin mahaifa na iya haifar da gwajin Pap mara kyau.

FARJIN FARJI:

• Magungunan hana daukar ciki na farji masu taushi ne, kuma suna dauke da wani sinadarin da ke kashe ko "hana" maniyyin.
• An soso soso an saka shi a cikin farji, don rufe bakin mahaifa kafin saduwa.
• Ana iya siyan soso na farji a kantin ku ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba.

HANYOYI NA DUNIYA NA MULKIN HAIHUWA

Wasu hanyoyin kula da haihuwa suna amfani da homon.Suna da duka estrogen da progestin, ko kuma progesin kadai. Kuna buƙatar takardar sayan magani don yawancin hanyoyin sarrafa haihuwa.

• Dukkanin kwayoyin halittar suna hana kwayayen mace sakin kwai yayin da take zagayawa. Suna yin hakan ta hanyar shafar matakan sauran kwayoyin halittar da jiki yake yi.
• Progesins na taimakawa hana maniyyi yin hanyar su zuwa kwai ta hanyar yin laushi a wuyan wuyan mace mai kauri da kuma danko.

Nau'o'in hanyoyin kula da haihuwa sun hada da:

• Magungunan hana haihuwa: Waɗannan na iya ƙunsar duka estrogen da progestin, ko kuma progesin kawai.
• Gwaji: Waɗannan ƙananan sanduna ne da aka dasa a ƙarƙashin fata. Suna sakin ci gaba na kwayar cutar don hana kwayayen ciki.
• Allurar Progestin, kamar Depo-Provera, waɗanda ake bayarwa a cikin tsokokin hannu na sama ko gindi sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 3.
• Ana sanya facin fata, kamar su Ortho Evra, a kafaɗarku, gindi, ko wani wuri a jiki. Yana sake sakin ci gaba na homon.
• Zoben farji, kamar NuvaRing, zobe ne mai sassauƙa kimanin inci 2 (santimita 5) faɗi. Ana sanya shi a cikin farji. Yana fitar da homonin progestin da estrogen.
• Gaggawa (ko "safiya bayan") maganin hana haihuwa: Ana iya siyan wannan magani ba tare da takardar sayan magani a shagon sayar da magani ba.

IUD (INTRAUTERINE NA'URA):

• IUD wani karamin roba ne ko kuma jan ƙarfe wanda mai ba da aikin ya saka a cikin mahaifar mace. Wasu IUDs suna sakin ƙananan progesin. Ana iya barin IUDs a wuri na tsawon shekaru 3 zuwa 10, ya dogara da na'urar da aka yi amfani da ita.
• Ana iya sanya IUD a kusan kowane lokaci.
• IUDs na cikin lafiya kuma suna aiki da kyau. Kasa da mata 1 cikin 100 a kowace shekara zasu ɗauki ciki ta amfani da IUD.
• IUDs da ke sakin progestin na iya zama don magance zubar jini mai yawa da rage raunin ciki. Hakanan suna iya haifar da lokaci su tsaida gaba ɗaya.
  

HANYOYI NA Dindindin NA MULKIN HAIHUWA

Waɗannan hanyoyin sun fi dacewa ga maza, mata, da ma'aurata waɗanda suke da tabbacin cewa ba sa son haihuwa a nan gaba. Sun hada da aikin vasectomy da kuma jika tubal. Waɗannan hanyoyin wasu lokuta ana iya juya su idan ana son ɗaukar ciki a wani lokaci a gaba. Koyaya, ƙimar nasarar juya baya ba tayi yawa ba.

HANYOYIN HALATTA HAIHUWAR DA BASU AIKI DA KYAU

• Fitar da azzakari daga farji kafin fitar maniyyi har yanzu yana iya haifar da ciki. Wasu maniyyi sukan tsere kafin cikakken janyewa. Zai iya isa ya haifar da ciki.
• Douching jim kaɗan bayan jima'i da alama ba zai yi aiki ba. Maniyyi na iya wuce hanyar wuyan mahaifa a cikin sakan 90. Douching ba a taɓa ba da shawarar yin hakan ba saboda yana iya haifar da cututtuka a mahaifa da bututu.
• Shan nono: Duk da tatsuniyoyin, matan da ke shayarwa na iya yin ciki.

Hana haihuwa; Tsarin iyali da hana daukar ciki; Coitus ya katse

• Kwalliyar mahaifa
• Diaphragm
• Kwaroron roba na mata
• Na'urar intrauterine
• Gefen gefe na tsarin haihuwar mace
• Kwaroron roba na maza
• Magungunan hana haihuwa na cikin jiki
• Tubal ligation
• Zoben farji
• Hanyoyin shinge na hana haihuwa - jerin
• Kafin da bayan vasectomy
• Tubal ligation - Jeri
• Kwayar hana haihuwa - jerin

Kwalejin likitan haihuwa ta Amurka da na mata. ACOG Practice Bulletin A'a. 206: Amfani da maganin hana haihuwa a cikin mata tare da yanayin kiwon lafiya tare. Obstet Gynecol. 2019; 133 (2): 396-399. PMID: 30681537 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30681537/.

Kwamitin kula da lafiyar yara. Bayanin Kwamitin Babu 699: Ciki da ciki, hana haihuwa, da kuma yin jima'i. Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 129 (5): e142-e149. PMID: 28426620 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28426620/.

Curtis KM, Jatlaoui TC, Tepper NK, et al. Shawarwarin aikin da Amurka ta zaba don amfani da hana haihuwa, 2016 MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016; 65 (4): 1-66. PMID: 27467319 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27467319/.

Harper DM, Wilfling LE, Blanner CF. Hana haihuwa A cikin: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Littafin karatun Magungunan Iyali. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 26.

Jatlaoui TC, Ermias Y, Zapata LB. Hana haihuwa A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 143.

Rivlin K, Westhoff C. Tsarin iyali. A cikin: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. M Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 13.