Canje-canje a cikin jariri yayin haihuwa

Canje-canje a cikin jariri yayin haihuwa yana nuni ga canje-canje da jikin jariri ke sha don dacewa da rayuwa a waje da mahaifar.

LAHIRA, ZUCIYA, DA JINI JINI

Madon mahaifa yana taimakawa jariri “shakar” yayin da yake girma a cikin mahaifar. Oxygen da carbon dioxide suna gudana ta cikin jini a cikin mahaifa. Mafi yawansu suna zuwa zuciya kuma suna gudana ta cikin jikin jariri.

A haihuwa, huhun jariri ya cika da ruwa. Ba su kumbura. Jariri yana ɗaukar numfashi na farko cikin kimanin sakan 10 bayan haihuwa. Wannan numfashin yana kama da hayaƙi, yayin da tsarin jijiyar jariri sabon mahaifa yayi tasiri game da canjin yanayi da yanayi.

Da zarar jariri ya fara numfashi na farko, sauye-sauye da dama na faruwa a huhun jariri da kuma hanyoyin jini:

• Oxygenara yawan oxygen a cikin huhu yana haifar da raguwar juriyar gudanawar jini zuwa huhu.
• Juriyar gudanawar jijiyoyin jinin jariri shima yana ƙaruwa.
• Ruwan ruwa mai narkewa ko yana sha daga tsarin numfashi.
• Huhu suna kumbura kuma suna fara aiki da kansu, suna motsa oxygen cikin jini kuma suna cire carbon dioxide ta hanyar fitar da numfashi (numfashi).

Zafin jiki

Yaro mai tasowa yana samar da zafin jiki kusan ninki biyu na na baligi. Ana cire ƙaramin zafi ta cikin fatar jariri mai tasowa, ruwan ciki, da bangon mahaifa.

Bayan haihuwa, jariri sabon haihuwa zai fara zafi. Masu karɓa a kan fatar jaririn sun aika saƙonni zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar cewa jikin jaririn ya yi sanyi. Jikin jaririn yana haifar da zafi ta hanyar kona ɗakunan ajiki mai launin ruwan kasa, wani nau'in kitse da ake samu kawai a cikin usesan tayi da jarirai. Ba safai ake ganin jarirai suna rawar jiki ba.

RAI

A cikin jariri, hanta tana aiki azaman wurin ajiyar sukari (glycogen) da baƙin ƙarfe. Lokacin da aka haifi jariri, hanta tana da ayyuka daban-daban:

• Yana fitar da abubuwa da ke taimakawa jini ya dunkule.
• Yana fara lalata kayan sharar gida kamar su ƙarin jinin jini.
• Yana samar da furotin wanda yake taimakawa fasa bilirubin. Idan jikin jariri bai lalace bilirubin yadda ya kamata ba, zai iya haifar da sabuwar cutar jaundice.

GASAR GASTROINTESTINAL

Tsarin ciki na jariri baya aiki sosai har sai bayan haihuwa.

A ƙarshen ciki, jariri yana samar da koren kore ko baƙin abu mai laushi wanda ake kira meconium. Meconium kalma ce ta likita don ɗakunan haihuwar jariri na farko. Meconium ya kunshi ruwan amniotic, mucus, lanugo (kyakkyawan gashin da ke rufe jikin jaririn), bile, da kuma ƙwayoyin da aka zubar daga fata da hanjin hanji. A wasu halaye, jaririn yakan wuce dattin mara (meconium) yayin da yake cikin mahaifar.

TSARIN FITSARI

Kodan jariri masu tasowa sun fara samar da fitsari makonni 9 zuwa 12 a cikin ciki. Bayan haihuwa, jariri yakan yi fitsari ne a cikin awanni 24 na rayuwa. Kodan sun sami damar kula da ruwan jikin da daidaita wutar lantarki.

Adadin da jini yake tacewa ta cikin koda (hauhawar sinadarin zafin jiki) yana karuwa sosai bayan haihuwa kuma a farkon makonni 2 na rayuwa. Duk da haka, yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kafin kodan su tashi da sauri. Yaran da aka haifa basu da karfin cire gishiri mai yawa (sodium) ko maida hankali ko narkar da fitsarin idan aka kwatanta shi da manya. Wannan ikon yana inganta tsawon lokaci.

TSARIN GABA

Tsarin rigakafi yana farawa a cikin jariri, kuma yana ci gaba da girma cikin fewan shekarun shekarun yaron. Mahaifa mahaifa ce mara kyau. Amma da zaran an haifi jaririn, suna shiga cikin wasu kwayoyin cuta da wasu abubuwa masu kawo cuta. Kodayake jariran da aka haifa sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar, garkuwar jikinsu na iya amsawa ga kwayoyin cuta.

Yaran da aka haifa suna dauke da wasu kwayoyin kariya daga mahaifiyarsu, wadanda ke ba da kariya daga kamuwa da cutar. Shayar nono shima yana taimakawa wajen inganta garkuwar jarirai.

FATA

Fatar jariri zai bambanta dangane da tsawon lokacin daukar ciki. Jarirai da suka isa haihuwa suna da fata mai haske. Fatar jariri cikakke ya fi girma.

Halaye na sabon haihuwa:

• Kyakkyawan gashi mai suna lanugo na iya rufe fatar jariri, musamman ma a cikin yara masu ciki. Gashi ya kamata ya ɓace a cikin weeksan makonnin farko na rayuwar jariri.
• Wani abu mai kauri, mai waxwo wanda ake kira vernix na iya rufe fatar. Wannan sinadarin yana kare jariri yayin yawo a cikin ruwan amniotic a mahaifar. Vernix ya kamata yayi wanka yayin wankan farko na jariri.
• Fata na iya zama tsattsagewa, peeling, ko kumbura, amma wannan ya inganta a tsawon lokaci.

Haihuwa - canje-canje a cikin jariri

• Meconium

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Ofimar uwa, tayi, da jariri. A cikin: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Mahimman Bayanan Ilimin Yara. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2019: babi na 58.

Olsson JM. Jariri. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 21.

Rozance PJ, Wright CJ. Jariri. A cikin: Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, eds. Gabbe's Obetetrics: Ciki da Cutar Matsala. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 23.