Makafi da hangen nesa

Makaho rashin gani ne. Hakanan yana iya komawa zuwa asarar gani wanda ba za a iya gyara shi da tabarau ko ruwan tabarau na tuntuɓi ba.

• Makafin jiki na nufin kuna da karancin gani.
• Cikakken makanta na nufin ba kwa iya ganin komai kuma kar ku ga haske. (Mafi yawan mutanen da suke amfani da kalmar "makanta" tana nufin cikakkiyar makanta.)

Mutanen da suke da hangen nesa wanda ya fi 20/200 rauni, koda tare da tabarau ko ruwan tabarau na tuntuɓar juna, ana ɗaukar su makafi na doka a yawancin jihohi a Amurka.

Rushewar hangen nesa na nufin raunin gani ko na ƙarshe. Wannan asarar hangen nesa na iya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani ko na wani lokaci.

Wasu nau'ikan asarar hangen nesa ba sa haifar da makanta cikakke.

Rashin hangen nesa yana da dalilai da yawa. A Amurka, manyan dalilan sune:

• Hadari ko rauni a saman ido (ƙone sinadarai ko raunin wasanni)
• Ciwon suga
• Glaucoma
• Rushewar Macular

Nau'in asarar hangen nesa na iya bambanta, ya dogara da dalilin:

• Tare da cataracts, hangen nesa na iya zama gajimare ko rashin haske, kuma haske mai haske na iya haifar da haske
• Tare da ciwon sukari, gani na iya zama dushi, akwai inuwa ko wuraren gani na gani, da wahalar gani da dare
• Tare da glaucoma, akwai yuwuwar hangen rami da wuraren ɓata gani
• Tare da lalacewar macular, hangen nesa na al'ada ne, amma hangen nesa yana ɓacewa a hankali

Sauran dalilan rashin gani sun hada da:

• An toshe hanyoyin jini
• Matsalolin rashin haihuwa da wuri (retrolental fibroplasia)
• Matsalolin tiyatar ido
• Idon rago
• Cutar neuritis
• Buguwa
• Maganin retinitis pigmentosa
• Tumurai, kamar su retinoblastoma da glioma na gani

Blindarancin makanta (babu tsinkaye mai haske) sau da yawa saboda:

• Tsanani rauni ko rauni
• Cikakken raunin ido
• Glaarshen-glaucoma
• Matakin qarshe na ciwon suga
• Ciwon ido mai tsananin gaske (endophthalmitis)
• Rufewar jijiyoyin jini (bugun jini a cikin ido)

Lokacin da kake da karamin hangen nesa, wataƙila ka sami matsalar tuki, karatu, ko yin ƙananan ayyuka kamar ɗinki ko yin sana'a. Kuna iya yin canje-canje a cikin gidanku da abubuwan yau da kullun da zasu taimaka muku ku zauna lafiya da zaman kan ku. Yawancin sabis zasu ba ku horo da tallafi da kuke buƙata don rayuwa kai tsaye, gami da amfani da ƙananan kayan gani.

Rashin hangen nesa kwatsam lamari ne na gaggawa, koda kuwa bakada hangen nesa gaba daya. Kada ku taɓa yin watsi da asarar hangen nesa, kuna tunanin zai fi kyau.

Tuntuɓi likitan ido ko kuma je ɗakin gaggawa nan da nan. Mafi yawan nau'ikan asarar gani ba su da ciwo, kuma rashin ciwo a wata hanya ba ya rage buƙatar gaggawa don samun kulawar likita. Yawancin nau'ikan asarar hangen nesa kawai suna ba ka ɗan gajeren lokaci don a yi nasarar magance ka.

Mai ba da lafiyarku zai yi cikakken gwajin ido. Maganin zai dogara ne akan dalilin rashin gani.

Don rashin hangen nesa na dogon lokaci, ga ƙwararren masanin hangen nesa, wanda zai iya taimaka muku koya don kula da kanku da rayuwa cikakke.

Rashin gani; Babu tsinkayen haske (NLP); Visionananan hangen nesa; Rashin gani da makanta

• Neurofibromatosis I - kara girman ido

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Colenbrander A, Fletcher DC, Schoessow K. Gyara rayuwa. A cikin: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn na Yanzu Far 2021. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 524-528.

Fricke TR, Tahhan N, Resnikoff S, et al, Tashin hankali na duniya na rashin lafiyar jiki da rashin hangen nesa daga rashin kulawa mara kyau: nazari na yau da kullun, zane-zane, da samfuri. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 2018; 125 (10): 1492-1499. PMID: 29753495 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29753495/.

Olitsky SE, Marsh JD. Rashin hangen nesa. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 639.