Zuciyar ta yi gunaguni

Gunaguni na zuciya shine sauti, hutu, ko sautin da ake ji yayin bugun zuciya. Sautin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar hargitsi (m) kwararar jini ta cikin bawul din zuciya ko kusa da zuciya.

Zuciya tana da ɗakuna 4:

• Upperakuna biyu na sama (atria)
• Lowerananan ɗakuna biyu (ƙananan ƙafa)

Zuciya tana da bawuloli masu rufewa tare da kowace bugawar zuciya, suna haifar da jini ya bi ta hanya guda kawai. Bawuloli suna tsakanin ɗakunan.

Murmurs na iya faruwa saboda dalilai da yawa, kamar:

• Lokacin da bawul din baya rufewa sosai sai jini ya zube a baya (regurgitation)
• Lokacin da jini ke gudana ta cikin kunkuntar ko taurin zuciya (stenosis)

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa wanda mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya bayyana gunaguni:

• Murmurs ne keɓaɓɓu ("mai daraja") ya dogara da yadda murhun yake yin sauti da na'urar daukar hoto. Jerin jadawalin yana kan sikeli. Grade Da kyar ake ji na. Misalin bayanin gunaguni shine "gunaguni na II / VI." (Wannan yana nufin gunaguni na 2 ne akan mizani na 1 zuwa 6).
• Bugu da kari, ana bayyana gunaguni ta hanyar bugun zuciya lokacin da aka ji gunagunin. Zuciyar zuciya ana iya bayyana ta da siystolic ko diastolic. (Systole shine lokacin da zuciya ke fitar da jini kuma diastole shine lokacin da take cike da jini.)

Lokacin da gunaguni ya zama sananne sosai, mai bayarwa na iya jin shi tare da tafin hannu akan zuciya. Wannan ana kiran sa da "burgewa".

Abubuwan da mai bayarwa zai nema a cikin jarabawar sun haɗa da:

• Shin gunaguni na faruwa yayin da zuciya ke hutawa ko kwangila?
• Shin yana wucewa cikin bugun zuciya?
• Shin yana canza lokacin da kake motsawa?
• Shin ana iya jin sa a sauran sassan kirji, a baya, ko a wuya?
• A ina ne aka ji gunagunin?

Yawancin gunaguni na zuciya ba su da wata illa. Wadannan nau'ikan gunaguni ana kiransu gunaguni mara laifi. Ba za su haifar da wata alama ko matsala ba. Gunaguni marasa laifi BA buƙatar magani.

Sauran gunaguni na zuciya na iya nuna rashin daidaituwa a cikin zuciya. Wadannan gunaguni na yau da kullun na iya haifar da:

• Matsaloli na aortic bawul (aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis)
• Matsaloli na mitral bawul (na yau da kullum ko m mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis)
• Hypertrophic cututtukan zuciya
• Sake dawo da huhu (komawar jini cikin jijiyar dama, wanda ya haifar da gazawar bawul na huhu ya rufe gaba daya)
• Ciwon bawul na huhu
• Matsaloli na tricuspid bawul (tricuspid regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis)

Wataƙila yawan gurnani a cikin yara yana iya faruwa ne ta hanyar:

• Komawar cutar huhu na huhu (mummunan haɗarin jijiyoyin huhu)
• Atrial septal aibin (ASD)
• Coarctation na aorta
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
• Defectananan raunin ɓarna (VSD)

Yawan gunaguni na iya haifar da haɗuwar matsalolin zuciya.

Yara yawanci suna da gunaguni azaman al'ada na ci gaba. Waɗannan gunaguni BAYA buƙatar magani. Suna iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon huhu na gunaguni
• Har yanzu gunaguni
• Venous hum

Mai ba da sabis zai iya sauraron sautunan zuciyarku ta hanyar sanya stethoscope a kan kirjinku. Za a yi muku tambayoyi game da tarihin lafiyarku da alamomin ku, kamar su:

• Shin wasu dangi sun yi gunaguni ko wasu sautuka na zuciya?
• Shin kuna da tarihin iyali na matsalolin zuciya?
• Shin kuna jin ciwon kirji, suma, gajartar numfashi, ko wasu matsaloli na numfashi?
• Shin kuna da kumburi, karɓar nauyi, ko jijiyoyin jijiyoyi a cikin wuya?
• Shin fatarka tana da launi mai launi?

Mai ba da sabis ɗin zai iya tambayar ka ka tsugunna, ka tsaya, ko ka riƙe numfashinka yayin saukar da ƙasa ko ɗaukar wani abu da hannuwanku don sauraron zuciyar ku.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Lantarki (ECG)
• Echocardiography

Sautunan kirji - gunaguni; Sautunan zuciya - mahaukaci; Murmur - mara laifi; Gunaguni mara laifi; Systolic gunaguni; Zuciyar diastolic tana gunaguni

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Bawul na zuciya

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Hanyar Goldman L. ga mai haƙuri tare da yiwuwar cutar na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 45.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA / ACC An ƙaddamar da sabuntawa na jagorancin 2014 AHA / ACC don kula da marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya: rahoto na Kwalejin Kwalejin Zuciya ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka game da Ka'idodin Aiwatarwa. Kewaya. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.

Swartz MH. Zuciya. A cikin: Swartz MH, ed. Littafin karatun cututtukan jiki: Tarihi da Nazari. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 14.