Gwajin takamaiman antigen (PSA) gwajin jini

Proigen-takamaiman antigen (PSA) furotin ne wanda kwayoyin prostate ke samarwa.

Ana yin gwajin PSA ne don taimakawa wajen bincikowa da bin cutar kansar mafitsara a cikin maza.

Ana bukatar samfurin jini.

Tabbatar cewa mai ba da lafiyarku ya san duk magungunan da kuke sha. Wasu kwayoyi suna sa matakin PSA ɗinku ya zama mara ƙarfi.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ba a buƙatar wasu matakai na musamman don shirya wannan gwajin. Bai kamata ku sami gwajin PSA ba da daɗewa ba bayan kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari ko jurewa hanyar ko tiyatar da ta shafi tsarin fitsari. Tambayi mai ba ku sabis tsawon lokacin da ya kamata ku jira.

Kuna iya jin ɗan zafi ko ƙyalli lokacin da aka saka allurar. Bayan haka, ƙila za a sami wasu harbi ko ɗan rauni. Wadannan nan bada jimawa ba zasu tafi.

Dalilin gwajin PSA:

• Ana iya yin wannan gwajin don auna cutar kansa ta prostate.
• Hakanan ana amfani dashi don bin mutane bayan maganin kansar prostate don ganin ko kansar ta dawo.
• Idan mai ba da sabis ya ji cewa ƙwayar prostate ba al'ada ba ce yayin gwajin jiki.

KARI GAME DA KYAUTATA LITTAFIN DON CIWON CUTAR FARI

Auna matakin PSA na iya kara damar gano cutar sankara a lokacin da ta yi wuri. Amma akwai muhawara game da darajar gwajin PSA don gano cutar kansa ta prostate. Babu amsa guda ɗaya da ta dace da duka maza.

Ga wasu maza masu shekaru 55 zuwa 69, dubawa na iya taimakawa rage damar mutuwa daga cutar sankarar prostate. Koyaya, saboda yawancin maza, dubawa da magani na iya zama cutarwa maimakon fa'ida.

Kafin yin gwajin, yi magana da mai ba ka sabis game da fa'idodi da illolin yin gwajin PSA. Tambayi game da:

• Ko yin bincike ya rage damarka ta mutuwa daga cutar sankarar sankara
• Ko akwai wata cutarwa daga binciken kansar kanjamau, kamar su sakamako masu illa daga gwaji ko wuce gona da iri lokacin gano shi

Maza maza waɗanda shekarunsu ba su kai 55 ba suna da babbar dama ta kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa kuma ya kamata su yi magana da mai ba su sabis game da gwajin PSA idan sun:

• Shin tarihin iyali na ciwon sankara (musamman ɗan uwa ko uba)
• Shin Ba'amurke ne Ba'amurke

Sakamakon gwajin PSA ba zai iya tantance kansar prostate ba. Kwayar cutar kanjamau ce kadai zata iya tantance wannan cutar ta daji.

Mai ba ku sabis zai duba sakamakon ku na PSA kuma ya yi la’akari da shekarunku, ƙabilar ku, magungunan da kuke sha, da sauran abubuwa don yanke shawara ko PSA ɗinku ta al'ada ce ko kuna buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje.

Matsayi na PSA na yau da kullun ana daukar nauyin 4.0 ne a kowace mililita (ng / mL) na jini, amma wannan ya bambanta da shekaru:

• Ga maza a cikin shekaru 50 ko ƙarami, matakin PSA ya zama ƙasa da 2.5 a mafi yawan lokuta.
• Maza tsofaffi galibi suna da matakan PSA kaɗan sama da samari.

An haɗu da babban matakin PSA tare da ƙarin damar samun ciwon sankara.

Gwajin PSA muhimmin kayan aiki ne don gano cutar kanjamau, amma ba wawa bane. Sauran yanayi na iya haifar da hauhawa a cikin PSA, gami da:

• Babban prostate
• Prostate kamuwa da cuta (prostatitis)
• Hanyar kamuwa da fitsari
• Gwaje-gwajen kwanan nan akan mafitsara (cystoscopy) ko prostate (biopsy)
• Kwanan nan an saka bututun bututun ruwa a cikin mafitsara don zubar da fitsari
• Saduwa ta kwanan nan ko fitar maniyyi
• Binciken kwanan nan

Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwa yayin yanke shawara a kan mataki na gaba:

• Shekarunka
• Idan kayi gwajin PSA a baya kuma nawa kuma yaya saurin matakin PSA ya canza
• Idan aka sami dunkulen prostate a yayin gwajin ku
• Sauran alamun da zaka iya samu
• Sauran dalilai masu haɗari ga cutar sankarar prostate, kamar ƙabilanci da tarihin iyali

Mazaje masu babban haɗari na iya buƙatar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Maimaita gwajin ku na PSA, galibi wani lokaci cikin watanni 3. Kuna iya karɓar magani don kamuwa da cutar prostate da farko.
• Za'a yi aikin gwaji na prostate biopsy idan matakin PSA na farko yayi sama, ko kuma idan matakin ya ci gaba da tashi yayin sake auna PSA.
• Gwajin da ake bi mai suna PSA kyauta (fPSA). Wannan yana auna yawan PSA a cikin jinin ku wanda baya daure da sauran sunadaran. Theananan matakin wannan gwajin, mafi kusantar shi ne cewa cutar sankarar prostate ta kasance.

Hakanan ana iya yin wasu gwaje-gwaje. Ainahin rawar da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suke yayin yanke shawara kan magani ba shi da tabbas.

• Gwajin fitsari da ake kira PCA-3.
• MRI na prostate na iya taimakawa gano kansar a wani yanki na prostate wanda ke da wahalar isa yayin nazarin halittu.

Idan an ba ku magani don cutar kanjamau, matakin PSA na iya nuna idan magani yana aiki ko kuma idan kansa ya dawo. Yawancin lokaci, matakin PSA yakan hauhawa kafin akwai alamun bayyanar. Wannan na iya faruwa watanni ko shekaru kafin haka.

Akwai 'yar hatsarin da ke tattare da daukar jininka. Jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini sun bambanta da girma daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wancan, kuma daga wannan gefe na jiki zuwa wancan. Bloodaukar jini daga wasu mutane na iya zama da wahala fiye da wasu. Sauran haɗarin da ke tattare da ɗaukar jinni ba su da yawa, amma na iya haɗawa da:

• Zub da jini mai yawa
• Mahara huda don gano wuri jijiyoyinmu
• Sumewa ko jin an sassauta kai
• Hematoma (jini yana taruwa a ƙarƙashin fata)
• Kamuwa (ƙananan haɗari kowane lokaci fata ta karye)

Proigen-takamaiman antigen; Gwajin gwajin cutar kanjamau; PSA

• Prostate brachytherapy - fitarwa

• Gwajin jini

Morgan TM, Palapattu GS, Partin AW, Wei JT. Alamar cututtukan cututtukan sankara. A cikin: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh ilimin Urology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi 108.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Binciken ƙwayar cutar kanjamau (PDQ) - fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-screening-pdq#section/ duk. An sabunta Oktoba 18, 2019. An shiga Janairu 24, 2020.

Eananan EJ. Ciwon daji na Prostate. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 191.

Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka; Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Nunawa game da cutar kanjamau: Sanarwar shawarar Tasungiyar Preungiyar Ayyuka ta Amurka. JAMA. 2018; 319 (18): 1901-1913. PMID: 29801017 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29801017.