Pap gwajin

Gwajin Pap na bincikar kansar mahaifa. Kwayoyin da aka goge daga buɗewar mahaifa ana bincikar su ta hanyar microscope. Mahaifa shine ƙananan ɓangaren mahaifar (mahaifar) wanda ke buɗewa a saman farjin mace.

Wannan gwajin wani lokaci ana kiransa Pap smear.

Kuna kwance akan tebur kuma kuna sanya ƙafafunku cikin motsawa. Mai kula da lafiyar ku a hankali ya sanya wani kayan aikin da ake kira speculum a cikin farji ya buɗe shi kaɗan. Wannan yana bawa mai bada damar gani a cikin farji da mahaifar mahaifa.

Kwayoyin a hankali ake goge su daga yankin mahaifa. Ana aika samfurin ƙwayoyin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike.

Faɗa wa mai ba ka magani game da duk magungunan da kake sha. Wasu kwayoyin hana haihuwa wadanda suke dauke da sinadarin estrogen ko progesin na iya shafar sakamakon gwajin.

Har ila yau gaya wa mai ba ku idan kun:

• Anyi gwajin Pap mara kyau
• Zai iya zama ciki

KADA KA YI waɗannan masu awanni 24 kafin gwajin:

• Douche (ba za a taɓa yin douching ba)
• Yi jima'i
• Yi amfani da tambari

Yi ƙoƙari kada ka tsara gwajin Pap yayin da kake al'ada (suna haila). Jini na iya sanya sakamakon gwajin Pap din bai zama daidai ba. Idan kuna zubar da jini ba zato ba tsammani, kada ku soke gwajin ku. Mai ba ku sabis zai ƙayyade idan har yanzu ana iya yin gwajin Pap.

Wanka da mafitsara jim kaɗan kafin gwajin.

Gwajin Pap yana haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali ga yawancin mata. Zai iya haifar da rashin jin daɗi, kama da ciwon mara na al'ada. Hakanan zaka iya jin ɗan matsi yayin gwajin.

Zaku iya jini kadan kadan bayan gwajin.

Gwajin Pap gwaji ne na kansar mahaifa. Yawancin cututtukan daji na mahaifa ana iya gano su da wuri idan mace tana yin gwajin Pap na yau da kullun.

Ya kamata fara farawa tun yana da shekaru 21.

Bayan gwajin farko:

• Ya kamata ku riƙa yin gwajin Pap kowane shekara 3 don bincika kansar mahaifa.
• Idan ka wuce shekaru 30 kuma kai ma an yi gwajin HPV, kuma duka gwajin Pap da gwajin HPV na al'ada ne, ana iya gwada ku duk bayan shekaru 5. HPV (ɗan adam papillomavirus) cuta ce da ke haifar da cututtukan al'aura da kuma cutar sankarar mahaifa.
• Yawancin mata suna iya dakatar da yin gwajin Pap bayan shekaru 65 zuwa 70 matuƙar sun yi gwaji mara kyau 3 a cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata.

Ba za ku iya buƙatar yin gwajin Pap ba idan kuna da cikakkiyar mahaifa (an cire mahaifa da na mahaifa) kuma ba a yi gwajin Pap na al'ada ba, cutar sankarar mahaifa, ko wasu cututtukan mahaifa. Tattauna wannan tare da mai ba ku sabis.

Sakamakon yau da kullun yana nufin babu ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari. Gwajin Pap bai cika 100% ba. Cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya rasa cikin ƙananan lamura. Mafi yawan lokuta, ciwon sankarar mahaifa na bunkasa sannu a hankali, kuma gwaje-gwajen Pap na bin Papy yakamata su sami canje-canje a lokacin magani.

Ana tattara sakamako mara kyau kamar haka:

ASCUS ko AGUS:

• Wannan sakamakon yana nufin akwai kwayoyin halitta wadanda basu dace ba, amma bashi da tabbas ko ba a san me wadannan canje-canje suke nufi ba.
• Canje-canjen na iya zama saboda HPV.
• Suna iya zama saboda kumburi na dalilin da ba a sani ba.
• Suna iya zama saboda ƙarancin estrogen kamar yadda yake faruwa a lokacin al'ada.
  
• Hakanan suna iya nufin akwai canje-canje da zasu iya haifar da cutar kansa.
• Waɗannan ƙwayoyin za su iya zama da tsari kuma suna iya zuwa daga wajen bakin mahaifa ko cikin mahaifa.

LOW-GRADE DYSPLASIA (LSIL) KO DYSPLASIA (HSIL):

• Wannan yana nufin canje-canjen da zasu iya haifar da cutar kansa suna nan.
• Haɗarin ci gaba zuwa cutar sankarar mahaifa ya fi girma tare da HSIL.

CARCINOMA A SITU (CIS):

• Wannan sakamakon yana nufin sauye-sauye marasa kyau na iya haifar da cutar sankarar mahaifa idan ba a kula da shi ba

KYAUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA (ASC):

• An samo canje-canje mara kyau kuma yana iya zama HSIL

GASKIYAR GlandUL CELLS (AGC):

• Ana ganin canje-canjen ƙwayoyin salula wanda zai iya haifar da cutar kansa a ɓangaren sama na canal na mahaifa ko a cikin mahaifa.

Lokacin da gwajin Pap ya nuna canje-canje mara kyau, ana buƙatar ƙarin gwaji ko biyo baya. Mataki na gaba ya dogara da sakamakon gwajin Pap, tarihinku na baya na gwajin Pap, da abubuwan haɗarin da zaku iya samu don cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Don ƙananan canje-canje ƙwayoyin salula, masu samarwa zasu ba da shawarar wani gwajin Pap ko maimaita gwajin HPV a cikin watanni 6 zuwa 12.

Bincike ko magani na iya haɗawa da:

• Kwayar kwayar halitta wacce aka sanyawa kwayar cuta - Colposcopy hanya ce wacce ake kara girman bakin mahaifa tare da na'urar hangen nesa kamar kayan aikin da ake kira colposcope. Sau da yawa ana samun ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a yayin wannan aikin don ƙayyade girman matsalar.
• Gwajin HPV don bincika kasancewar nau'ikan ƙwayoyin HPV waɗanda zasu iya haifar da cutar kansa.
• Cervix rashin kuzari.
• Kwayar biopsy.

Papanicolaou gwajin; Pap shafawa; Gwajin cutar sankarar mahaifa - Pap test; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - Pap; CIN - Pap; Canje-canje na gaban mahaifa - Pap; Ciwon mahaifa - Pap; Amwayar cuta ta intraepithelial - Pap; LSIL - Pap; HSIL - Pap; Pap-low Pap; Babbar takarda; Carcinoma a cikin wuri - Pap; CIS - Pap; ASCUS - Pap; Kwayoyin glandular atypical - Pap; AGUS - Pap; Cellsananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta - Pap; HPV - Pap; Kwayar cutar papilloma na mutum - Pap cervix - Pap; Kwayar halitta - Pap

• Tsarin haihuwa na mata
• Pap shafa
• Mahaifa
• Yashewar mahaifa

Kwalejin likitan haihuwa ta Amurka da na mata. Yi aiki da sanarwa a'a. 140: gudanar da sakamakon gwajin cututtukan sankarar mahaifa mara kyau da kuma magabata na kansar mahaifa. (An sake tabbatar da 2018) Obstet Gynecol. 2013; 122 (6): 1338-1367. PMID: 24264713 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24264713/.

Kwalejin likitan haihuwa ta Amurka da na mata. Yi aiki da sanarwa a'a. 157: binciken kansar mahaifa da rigakafinsa. Obstet Gynecol. 2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. PMID: 26695583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

Kwalejin Kwalejin Obstetricians da likitan mata ta Amurka. Yi aiki nasiha: binciken kansar mahaifa (sabuntawa). Agusta 29, 2018. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Cervical-Cancer-Screening-Update. An buga Agusta 29, 2018. An sake tabbatar da Nuwamba 8, 2019. Shiga cikin Maris 17, 2020.

Newkirk GR. Pap shafawa da dabaru masu alaƙa don binciken kansar mahaifa. A cikin: Fowler GC, ed. Hanyoyin Pfenninger da Fowler don Kulawa da Firamare. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 120.

MP Salcedo, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. Intraepithelial neoplasia na ƙananan al'aura (cervix, farji, vulva): ilimin halittar jiki, bincike, ganewar asali, gudanarwa. A cikin: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. M Gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 28.

Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy da mahaifa Pathology, kuma American Society for Clinical Pathology nunawa jagororin domin yin rigakafi da farkon gano cutar sankarar mahaifa. CA Ciwon daji J Clin. 2012; 62 (3): 147-172. PMID: 22422631 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22422631.

Yanar gizo Task Force na Rigakafin Ayyukan Amurka. Bayanin shawarar ƙarshe. Ciwon mahaifa: nunawa. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening. An sabunta Agusta 21, 2018. An shiga Janairu 22, 2020.