Bruise

Murmushe yanki ne na canza launin fata. Ciwo yana faruwa yayin da ƙananan jijiyoyin jini suka fashe kuma suka shigar da abinda ke ciki cikin laushi mai laushi a ƙarƙashin fata.

Akwai raunuka iri uku:

• Subcutaneous - ƙarƙashin fata
• Intramuscular - a cikin cikin cikin ƙwayar tsoka
• Periosteal - ƙashin ƙashi

Bruises na iya wucewa daga kwanaki zuwa watanni. Barjin ƙashi shine mafi tsananin ciwo da zafi.

Bruises galibi ana haifar da faduwa ne, raunin wasanni, haɗarin mota, ko duka da aka samu daga wasu mutane ko abubuwa.

Idan kun sha sikari, kamar su asfirin, warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven), dabigatran (Pradaxa), rivaroxaban (Xarelto), apixaban (Eliquis), ko clopidogrel (Plavix), da alama za ku sami rauni a cikin sauƙi.

Babban alamun cutar sune ciwo, kumburi, da canza launin fata. Barshen yana farawa azaman launin ruwan hoda mai launin ja wanda zai iya zama mai taushi da taɓawa. Yana da wuya a yi amfani da tsoka da aka ji rauni. Misali, raunin cinya mai zafi yana da zafi lokacin da kake tafiya ko gudu.

Daga ƙarshe, rauni yana canzawa zuwa launi mai laushi, sa'annan mai launin kore-rawaya, kuma daga ƙarshe ya dawo zuwa launin fata na al'ada yayin da yake warkewa.

• Sanya kankara kan rauni domin taimaka mata warkar da sauri da kuma rage kumburi. Nada kankara cikin tawul mai tsabta. Kada a sanya kankara kai tsaye a kan fata. Aiwatar da kankara na tsawon mintuna 15 a kowace awa.
• Areaaukaka yankin da aka raunana sama da zuciya, idan zai yiwu. Wannan yana taimakawa kiyaye jini daga taruwa a cikin cizon nama.
• Yi ƙoƙari ka huta gaɓar jikin da aka raunata ta rashin yin aiki da tsokoki a wannan yankin.
• Idan ana buƙata, ɗauki acetaminophen (Tylenol) don taimakawa rage zafi.

A cikin yanayin da ba a taɓa faruwa ba game da cututtukan ɗaki, ana yin tiyata sau da yawa don sauƙaƙe tasirin matsi. Rashin ciwo na daki yana haifar da ƙarin matsin lamba akan kyallen takarda da sifofin da ke ƙarƙashin fata. Zai iya rage wadatar jini da iskar oxygen zuwa kyallen takarda.

• Kada a yi ƙoƙarin zubar da kurji da allura.
• Kada ka ci gaba da gudu, wasa, ko kuma yin amfani da ɓangaren jikinka mai ciwo, mai rauni.
• Kar a manta da zafi ko kumburi.

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya kai tsaye idan ka ji matsi mai ƙarfi a cikin ɓangaren jikinka da ya ji rauni, musamman ma idan yankin yana da girma ko kuma yana da zafi sosai. Wannan na iya zama saboda cututtukan daki, kuma yana iya zama barazanar rai. Yakamata ka sami kulawar gaggawa.

Har ila yau kira mai ba ku idan:

• Kuna ji rauni ba tare da wani rauni ba, faɗuwa, ko wani dalili.
• Akwai alamun kamuwa da cuta a kusa da yankin da aka yiwa rauni ciki har da layin ja, na turawa ko wani magudanar ruwa, ko zazzabi.

Saboda raunuka yawanci sakamakon rauni ne kai tsaye, waɗannan masu mahimmanci shawarwarin aminci ne:

• Koyar da yara yadda ake zama lafiya.
• Yi hankali don kauce wa faɗuwa a kusa da gidan. Misali, ka yi hankali lokacin hawa hawa ko wasu abubuwa. Guji tsayawa ko durkusawa akan saman bene.
• Sanye bel a cikin motocin hawa.
• Sanya kayan wasanni masu dacewa don kusantar waɗancan yankuna da ake yawan yi wa rauni, kamar su cinyoyin cinya, masu gadin kwankwaso, da kuma gwiwar hannu a ƙwallon ƙafa da wasan hockey. Sanye takalmin tsaro da kwalliyar gwiwa a ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando.

Rikitawa; Hematoma

• Kashin kurji
• Ruarfafa tsoka
• Fuskar fata
• Bruise warkarwa - jerin

Buttaravoli P, Leffler SM. Rikicewa (kurma). A cikin: Buttaravoli P, Leffler SM, eds. Emerananan Gaggawa. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2012: babi na 137.

Cameron P. Trauma. A cikin: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, eds. Littafin rubutu na Magungunan gaggawa na Balagaggu. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: 71-162.