Diverticulosis

Diverticulosis na faruwa ne lokacin da kanana, buhunan buhu ko aljihu suka bayyana a bangon cikin hanji. Wadannan sacs ana kiransu diverticula. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan aljihunan suna zama cikin babban hanji (hanji). Hakanan suna iya faruwa a cikin cikin jejunum a cikin ƙananan hanji, kodayake wannan ba shi da yawa.

Diverticulosis ba shi da yawa a cikin mutane masu shekaru 40 da ƙarami. Ya fi yawa a cikin tsofaffi. Kimanin rabin Amurkawa sama da shekaru 60 suna da wannan yanayin. Yawancin mutane za su same shi a shekara 80.

Babu wanda ya san takamaiman abin da ke haifar da waɗannan aljihunan.

Shekaru da yawa, an yi tunanin cewa cin abincin ƙananan fiber na iya taka rawa. Rashin cin isasshen zaren na iya haifar da maƙarƙashiya (kujerun wuya). Turewa don wucewa ta bayan gida (feces) yana ƙara matsin lamba a cikin hanji ko hanji. Wannan na iya haifar da aljihunan su zama a wurare masu rauni a jikin bangon mahaifa. Koyaya, ko ƙarancin abinci mai ƙananan fiber yana haifar da wannan matsalar ba'a tabbatar dashi da kyau ba.

Sauran abubuwan haɗarin da ke iya faruwa waɗanda suma ba a tabbatar da su ba sosai sune rashin motsa jiki da kiba.

Cin kwayoyi, popcorn, ko masara ba ya haifar da kumburin waɗannan aljihunan (diverticulitis).

Yawancin mutane da ke da cutar diverticulosis ba su da alamun bayyanar.

Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta faru, zasu iya haɗawa da:

• Jin zafi da raɗaɗin ciki
• Maƙarƙashiya (wani lokacin gudawa)
• Kumburin ciki ko gas
• Rashin jin yunwa da rashin cin abinci

Kuna iya lura da ƙananan jini a cikin kujerunku ko akan takardar bayan gida. Ba da daɗewa ba, zub da jini mai tsanani na iya faruwa.

Diverticulosis galibi ana samunsa yayin gwaji don wata matsalar lafiya. Misali, sau da yawa ana gano shi a lokacin binciken hanji.

Idan kana da alamun cuta, zaka iya samun ɗaya ko fiye da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Gwajin jini don ganin kuna da kamuwa da cuta ko zubar jini da yawa
• CT scan ko duban dan tayi na ciki idan kuna jinni, tabon sako, ko zafi

Ana buƙatar colonoscopy don yin ganewar asali:

• A colonoscopy jarrabawa ce wacce take kallon cikin ciki da dubura. Bai kamata a yi wannan gwajin ba yayin da kake fama da alamun cututtukan diverticulitis.
• Cameraaramar kyamara da aka makala a bututu na iya isa tsawon ciwon hanta.

Angiography:

• Angiography shine gwajin hoto wanda yayi amfani da x-rays da kuma rina ta musamman don gani a cikin jijiyoyin jini.
• Ana iya amfani da wannan gwajin idan ba a ga yankin da ke zubar da jini ba yayin binciken kwalliya.

Saboda yawancin mutane ba su da wata alama, a mafi yawan lokuta, ba a bukatar magani.

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya na iya bayar da shawarar samun karin zare a cikin abincinku. Abincin mai yawan fiber yana da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa. Yawancin mutane ba sa samun isasshen zare. Don taimakawa hana maƙarƙashiya, ya kamata:

• Ci cikakken hatsi, wake, 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kayan marmari. Iyakance abincin da aka sarrafa.
• Sha ruwa mai yawa.
• Motsa jiki a kai a kai.
• Yi magana da mai baka game da ɗaukar ƙarin fiber.

Ya kamata ku guji NSAIDs kamar su aspirin, ibuprofen (Motrin), da naproxen (Aleve). Wadannan magunguna na iya sanya zubar jini da yawa.

Don zubar jini wanda baya tsayawa ko sake dawowa:

• Ana iya amfani da colonoscopy don allura magunguna ko ƙone wani yanki a cikin hanji don dakatar da zub da jini.
• Ana iya amfani da angiography don shayar da magunguna ko toshe hanyar jini.

Idan zub da jini bai tsaya ba ko kuma ya sake komawa sau da yawa, ana iya buƙatar cire wani ɓangaren cikin hanji.

Yawancin mutanen da ke da cutar diverticulosis ba su da alamun bayyanar. Da zarar waɗannan aljihunan suka ƙirƙira, zaka sami su har abada.

Har zuwa 25% na mutanen da ke tare da yanayin za su kamu da diverticulitis. Wannan na faruwa ne lokacin da ƙananan kujeru suka zama makale cikin aljihunan, wanda ke haifar da cuta ko kumburi.

Problemsarin manyan matsalolin da zasu iya haɓaka sun haɗa da:

• Hulɗa da alaƙa tsakanin sassan ɓangaren hanji ko tsakanin uwar hanji da wani ɓangare na jiki (fistula)
• Rami ko tsagewa a cikin hanji (perforation)
• Yanki matsattse a cikin mazauni (mai tsananin ƙarfi)
• Aljihuna cike da kumburi ko kamuwa da cuta (ƙura)
  

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan alamun bayyanar cutar diverticulitis ya faru.

Diverticula - kamuwa da cuta; Cututtukan Diverticular - diverticulosis; G.I. zub da jini - diverticulosis; Zubar da ciki na ciki - diverticulosis; Jinin ciki - diverticulosis; Jejunal diverticulosis

• Barium enema
• Hanyar hanji - jerin

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Goldblum JR. Babban hanji. A cikin: Goldblum JR, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai da Ackerman na Ciwon Tiyata. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 17.

Fransman RB, Harmon JW. Gudanar da cututtukan ciki na ƙananan hanji. A cikin: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Far Mashi na Yanzu. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 143-145.

Winter D, Ryan E. Ciwon Cutar. A cikin: Clark S, ed. Yin tiyatar launi: Aboki don towarewar Tiyata na Musamman. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 10.