Alurar rigakafin mura: wanene ya kamata ya sha shi, halayen yau da kullun (da sauran shakku)

Wadatacce

• 1. Wanene ya kamata ya yi rigakafin?
• 2. Shin maganin alurar riga kafi yana kariya daga H1N1 ko coronavirus?
• 3. A ina zan sami rigakafin?
• 4. Shin ina bukatar shan sa duk shekara?
• 5. Zan iya samun rigakafin mura?
• 6. Mene ne mafi yawan mummunan halayen?
• Ciwon kai, tsokoki ko haɗin gwiwa
• Zazzabi, sanyi da yawan zufa
• Martani a shafin gudanarwar
• 7. Wanene bai kamata ya sami allurar ba?
• 8. Shin mata masu juna biyu zasu iya samun rigakafin mura?

Alurar rigakafin mura tana karewa daga nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na mura, wanda ke da alhakin ci gaban mura. Koyaya, yayin da wannan kwayar cutar take fuskantar maye gurbi da yawa a kan lokaci, sai ta zama mai ƙara ƙarfi kuma, sabili da haka, ana buƙatar sake yin allurar rigakafin kowace shekara don kariya daga sabbin ƙwayoyin cutar.

Ana bayar da rigakafin ne ta hanyar allura a hannu kuma yana taimakawa jiki wajen samar da rigakafi daga mura, yana hana faruwar manyan matsaloli kamar su cutar nimoniya da sauran matsalolin numfashi, ban da asibiti da mutuwa. A saboda wannan, allurar rigakafin tana bijirar da mutum zuwa wani karamin magani na kwayar cutar ta mura, wacce ta isa "horar da" tsarin kariya don kare kanta idan har ya taba mu'amala da kwayar cutar mai rai.

Ana samun allurar kyauta ta Tsarin Lafiya na Hadin Kai (SUS) ga mutanen da ke cikin kungiyoyin da ke cikin hadari, amma kuma ana iya samun sa a asibitocin riga-kafi masu zaman kansu.

1. Wanene ya kamata ya yi rigakafin?

Ainihin haka, ya kamata a yi wa allurar rigakafin mura ga mutanen da suke iya yuwuwar haɗuwa da kwayar cutar mura da haɓaka alamomi da / ko rikitarwa. Don haka, Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta ba da shawarar allurar rigakafin a cikin waɗannan al'amuran masu zuwa:

• Yaran da ke tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa shekara 6 ba su cika ba (shekara 5 da watanni 11);
• Manya tsakanin shekaru 55 zuwa 59;
• Tsofaffi sama da shekaru 60;
• Mata masu ciki;
• Matan da suka haihu har zuwa kwanaki 45;
• Masana kiwon lafiya;
• Malamai;
• An asalin ƙasar;
• Mutanen da ke da garkuwar jiki, irin su HIV ko kansar;
• Mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya, irin su ciwon sukari, mashako ko asma;
• Marasa lafiya na Trisomy, irin su Down syndrome;
• Matasan da ke zaune a cibiyoyin ilimin zamantakewar al'umma.

Bugu da kari, fursunoni da sauran mutanen da aka hana musu ‘yanci su ma dole ne a yi musu rigakafin, musamman saboda yanayin wurin da suke, wanda ke sawwake yaduwar cututtuka.

2. Shin maganin alurar riga kafi yana kariya daga H1N1 ko coronavirus?

Alurar rigakafin cutar ta kare daga kungiyoyi daban-daban na kwayar cutar ta mura, gami da H1N1. Game da alurar rigakafin da SUS ke bayarwa kyauta, suna kariya daga nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta 3: mura A (H1N1), A (H3N2) da Mura Rubuta B, ana san shi da suna trivalent. Alurar rigakafin da za a iya saye da gudanarwa a cikin asibitoci masu zaman kansu yawanci baƙi, yana kuma kariya daga wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta Mura B.

A kowane hali, alurar rigakafin ba ta kariya daga kowane nau'in coronavirus, gami da dalilin kamuwa da cutar COVID-19.

3. A ina zan sami rigakafin?

Alurar rigakafin mura da SUS ke bayarwa ga ƙungiyoyin da ke cikin haɗari galibi ana yin su ne a cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya, yayin kamfen na rigakafin. Koyaya, ana iya yin wannan rigakafin ta waɗanda ba sa cikin ƙungiyar haɗarin, a cikin asibitoci masu zaman kansu, bayan biyan alurar rigakafin.

4. Shin ina bukatar shan sa duk shekara?

Alurar rigakafin mura tana da tsawon lokacin da zai iya bambanta tsakanin watanni 6 zuwa 12 kuma, sabili da haka, dole ne a yi ta kowace shekara, musamman a lokacin kaka. Bugu da kari, yayin da kwayoyin cutar mura ke fuskantar maye gurbi da sauri, sabon allurar tana aiki ne don tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye jiki daga sabbin nau'ikan da suka bullo a shekara.

Da zarar an gudanar dashi, allurar rigakafin mura zata fara aiki a cikin makonni 2 zuwa 4 kuma, saboda haka, baya iya hana mura wanda tuni yake tasowa.

5. Zan iya samun rigakafin mura?

Ainihin, ya kamata a ba da rigakafin har zuwa makonni 4 kafin kowane alamun mura ya bayyana. Koyaya, idan mutum ya riga ya kamu da mura, yana da kyau a jira alamun sun ɓace kafin a yi masa rigakafin, don kauce wa cewa alamomin mura na rikicewa tare da yin maganin alurar, misali.

Alurar riga kafi za ta kare jiki daga kamuwa da wata cuta mai saurin cutar ta mura.

6. Mene ne mafi yawan mummunan halayen?

Mafi munin halayen rashin kyau bayan amfani da allurar sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon kai, tsokoki ko haɗin gwiwa

Wasu mutane na iya fuskantar gajiya, ciwon jiki da ciwon kai, wanda zai iya bayyana kimanin awa 6 zuwa 12 bayan rigakafin.

Abin da za a yi: ya kamata ku huta ku sha ruwa mai yawa. Idan ciwon ya yi tsanani, ana iya shan allurai, kamar paracetamol ko dipyrone, in dai likita ya nuna.

• Zazzabi, sanyi da yawan zufa

Wasu mutane na iya fuskantar zazzaɓi, sanyi da zufa fiye da yadda aka saba bayan allurar rigakafi, amma yawanci alamomin na wucin gadi, waɗanda ke bayyana awa 6 zuwa 12 bayan rigakafin, kuma suna ɓacewa cikin kusan kwanaki 2.

Abin da za a yi:idan suka haifar da rashin jin dadi da yawa, zaka iya shan maganin kashe zafin jiki da na kwayoyi, kamar su paracetamol ko dipyrone, in dai likita ya umurta.

• Martani a shafin gudanarwar

Wani mawuyacin halin raɗaɗi shine bayyanar canje-canje a wurin gudanar da rigakafin, kamar ciwo, redness, induration ko ɗan kumburi.

Abin da za a yi: za a iya amfani da ɗan kankara zuwa yankin da aka kiyaye tare da kyalle mai tsabta. Duk da haka, idan akwai raunin da ya faru sosai ko iyakance motsi, ya kamata ku je wurin likita nan da nan.

7. Wanene bai kamata ya sami allurar ba?

Wannan rigakafin yana da alaƙa ga mutanen da ke fama da zub da jini, cutar guillain-barré, matsalolin daskarewar jini kamar su hemophilia ko maƙarƙashiya waɗanda ke iya bayyana cikin sauƙi, rashin lafiyar jijiyoyi ko cutar kwakwalwa.

Bugu da kari, bai kamata kuma a sanya shi ga mutanen da ke da alaƙa da ƙwai ko latex ba, tsarin garkuwar jiki ya raunana, kamar yadda yake a batun jiyya na kansar ko kuma idan kuna shan magunguna masu guba, da kuma lokacin ciki da shayarwa.

8. Shin mata masu juna biyu zasu iya samun rigakafin mura?

A lokacin daukar ciki, jikin mace ya fi saurin kamuwa da cututtuka, don haka akwai babbar damar kamuwa da mura. Sabili da haka, mace mai ciki tana daga cikin ƙungiyoyin haɗari ga mura kuma, sabili da haka, ya kamata a sami rigakafin kyauta a wuraren kiwon lafiyar SUS.