Menene Akathisiya?

Wadatacce

• Akathisia da dykinesia na tardive
• Menene alamun?
• Maganin Akathisia
• Akathisia yana haifar da halayen haɗari
• Yaya ake gane shi?
• Outlook

Bayani

Akathisia yanayin ne wanda ke haifar da jin nutsuwa da buƙatar gaggawa don motsawa. Sunan ya fito ne daga kalmar Helenanci "akathemi," wanda ke nufin "kar a taɓa zama."

Akathisia sakamako ne na tsofaffi, magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙarni na farko waɗanda aka yi amfani dasu don magance yanayin lafiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kamar cututtukan bipolar da schizophrenia, amma kuma yana iya faruwa tare da sababbin antipsychotics suma. Tsakanin kashi 20 zuwa 75 na mutanen da ke shan waɗannan magunguna suna da wannan tasirin, musamman ma a cikin weeksan makonnin da suka fara jiyya.

Yanayin ya kasu kashi-kashi dangane da lokacin da ya fara:

• Babban akathisia tasowa ba da daɗewa ba bayan ka fara shan magani, kuma yana ɗaukar ƙasa da watanni shida.
• Tardive akathisia tasowa watanni ko shekaru bayan shan magani.
• Kullum akathisia yana wuce fiye da watanni shida.

Akathisia da dykinesia na tardive

Doctors na iya kuskuren akathisia don wani rikicewar motsi da ake kira tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia wani tasirin sakamako ne na jiyya tare da magungunan antipsychotic. Yana haifar da motsin bazata - galibi a fuska, hannaye, da akwati. Akathisia yafi shafar kafafu.

Babban bambanci tsakanin yanayin shine cewa mutanen da ke fama da cutar dyskinesia ba su san suna motsi ba. Waɗanda ke tare da akathisia sun san suna motsi, kuma motsin rai ya ɓata musu rai.

Menene alamun?

Mutanen da ke tare da akathisia suna jin motsin da ba za a iya sarrafawa ba don motsawa da kuma rashin nutsuwa. Don sauƙaƙe buƙatar, suna cikin maimaita motsi kamar waɗannan:

• kaɗa kai da baya yayin tsaye ko zaune
• sauya nauyi daga kafa daya zuwa wancan
• tafiya cikin wuri
• Tafiya
• shuffling yayin tafiya
• daga kafa kamar ana tafiya
• tsallakawa da ratse kafafu ko jujjuya kafa ɗaya yayin zaune

Sauran alamun sun hada da:

• tashin hankali ko firgita
• bacin rai
• rashin haƙuri

Maganin Akathisia

Likitanku zai fara ne ta hanyar cire ku daga maganin da ya haifar da akathisia. Ana amfani da 'yan magunguna don magance akathisia, gami da:

• magungunan hawan jini
• benzodiazepines, wani nau'in kwantar da hankali ne
• magungunan anticholinergic
• maganin rigakafin cutar

Vitamin B-6 na iya taimakawa. A cikin karatu, babban allurai (miligrams 1,200) na bitamin B-6 ingantattun alamun akathisia. Koyaya, ba duk shari'oin akathisia zasu sami ikon kulawa da magunguna ba.

Akathisia ya fi sauƙi don hanawa fiye da bi da shi. Idan kana buƙatar maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, likitan ka yakamata ya fara ka a mafi ƙanƙancin magani kuma ƙara shi kaɗan kaɗan a lokaci.

Amfani da sababbin magungunan antipsychotic na iya rage haɗarin cutar akathisia. Koyaya, akwai wasu waɗanda har ma da sababbin magungunan antipsychotic na iya haifar da wannan alamar.

Akathisia yana haifar da halayen haɗari

Akathisia sakamako ne mai illa na magungunan tabin hankali kamar waɗannan:

• chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
• sanka-sanka (Fluanxol)
• fluphenazine (Prolixin)
• abaranar (Haldol)
• loxapine (Loxitane)
• Distance Ga-Rankuwa (Moban)
• pimozide (Orap)
• prochlorperazine (Compro, Kamfanin Kasuwanci)
• sarwandazine (Mellaril)
• aksarinda (Navane)
• amintaccen abu (Stelazine)

Doctors ba su san ainihin dalilin wannan tasirin ba. Yana iya faruwa saboda kwayoyi masu ba da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa suna toshe masu karɓa don dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa. Dopamine manzo ne na sinadarai wanda ke taimakawa sarrafa motsi. Koyaya, wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da suka hada da acetylcholine, serotonin, da GABA kwanan nan sun sami kulawa kamar yadda zasu iya taka rawa a cikin wannan yanayin.

Akathisia ba shi da yawa tare da ƙarni na biyu masu maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Koyaya, koda sabbin cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa na iya haifar da wannan tasirin.

Mutanen da ke shan waɗannan magungunan na iya zama cikin haɗari ga akathisia:

• masu zaɓin maganin serotonin reuptake (SSRIs)
• masu toshe tashar calcium
• maganin antinausea
• magungunan da suke magance karkatarwa
• maganin kwantar da hankali kafin a yi tiyata

Kila ku sami wannan yanayin idan:

• ana kula da ku tare da ƙarfafan ƙarni na farko masu ƙwayoyin cuta
• ka sami babban kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi
• likitanka yana ƙaruwa kashi sosai da sauri
• kai ne mai matsakaicin shekaru ko babba

Hakanan an haɗa wasu Aan yanayin kiwon lafiya da akathisia, gami da:

• Cutar Parkinson
• encephalitis, wani nau'in kumburi na kwakwalwa
• rauni na ƙwaƙwalwa (TBI)

Yaya ake gane shi?

Likitanku zai yi tambaya game da alamunku. Yayin gwajin, likita zai dube ka don ganin idan ka:

• fidget
• sau da yawa canza matsayi
• gicciye kuma ku ratse ƙafafunku
• matsa ƙafafunku
• dutsen baya da baya yayin zaune
• dunƙule ƙafafunku

Kuna iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da cewa kuna da akathisia, kuma ba irin wannan yanayin ba kamar:

• tashin hankali daga yanayin rashin hankali
• rashin ciwo na ciwo (RLS)
• damuwa
• janye daga kwayoyi
• dyskinesia mai narkewa

Outlook

Da zarar ka daina shan maganin da ya haifar da akathisia, ya kamata alamar ta tafi. Koyaya, akwai wasu mutane waɗanda zasu iya ci gaba tare da ƙaramar matsala, duk da dakatar da shan magani.

Yana da mahimmanci a sami akathisia da sauri-sauri. Lokacin da ba a kula da shi ba zai iya haifar da halayyar hauka. Wannan yanayin na iya hana ku shan shan magani da kuke buƙata don magance tabin hankali.

Wasu mutanen da ke fama da cutar akathisia suna da tunanin kashe kansu ko kuma halin tashin hankali. Akathisia na iya haɓaka haɗarin ku na dyskinesia na tardive.