Babban gwaje-gwaje da aka nuna a cikin ciki

Wadatacce

• Babban jarrabawa a ciki
• 1. Cikakken lissafin jini
• 2. Jinin jini da Rh factor
• 3. Glucose mai azumi
• 4. Gwaje-gwaje don gano cututtukan
• 5. Binciken fitsari da al'adun fitsari
• 6. Duban dan tayi
• 7. Gwajin mata
• Jarrabawa don ɗaukar ciki mai haɗari

Gwajin ciki yana da mahimmanci ga likitan mata da ke lura da ci gaban jariri da lafiyarsa, da lafiyar mace, domin kai tsaye yana yin shigar ciki. Don haka, a cikin dukkan shawarwari, likita yana tantance nauyin mace mai ciki, hawan jini da kuma zagayen kugu, sannan yana nuna aikin wasu gwaje-gwaje, kamar su jini, fitsari, likitan mata da kuma duban dan tayi.

Bugu da kari, a wasu yanayi, musamman lokacin da matar ta haura shekara 35, likita na iya ba da shawarar wasu gwaje-gwajen, saboda daukar ciki a wannan shekarun na iya samun karin haɗarin haɗari. Saboda wannan dalili, ana yin sa ido akai-akai kuma ana iya yin biopsy na chorionic villus, amniocentesis da cordocentesis, alal misali,.

Yawancin lokaci, ana yin karin gwaje-gwaje a farkon farkon ciki, saboda yana da mahimmanci don kula da lafiyar mace a farkon makonnin ciki. Daga watanni uku na ciki, ana neman ƙananan gwaje-gwaje, kasancewar an ba da umarnin kula da ci gaban jaririn.

Babban jarrabawa a ciki

Gwaje-gwajen da aka nuna yayin daukar ciki suna nufin kimanta lafiyar jariri da mace mai ciki da kuma duba yadda jaririn yake bunkasa. Bugu da kari, ta hanyar binciken da likitan mata ya nema, yana yiwuwa a gano ko akwai wasu canje-canje da suka shafi jariri ko kuma akwai hadari a lokacin daukar ciki ko a lokacin haihuwa. Babban gwajin da za'a yi yayin daukar ciki sune:

1. Cikakken lissafin jini

Countididdigar jinin yana nufin samar da bayanai game da ƙwayoyin jinin mace, kamar su jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da platelet, ban da ƙwayoyin garkuwar jiki waɗanda suma aka gano a cikin wannan gwajin, leukocytes. Don haka, daga ƙididdigar jini, likita na iya bincika idan akwai cututtukan da ke faruwa kuma idan akwai alamun rashin ƙarancin jini, misali, kuma ana iya nuna yin amfani da ƙarin.

2. Jinin jini da Rh factor

Ana amfani da wannan gwajin jinin ne don bincika rukunin jinin mahaifiya da kuma abin da ya shafi Rh, shin yana da kyau ko mara kyau. Idan uwa tana da mummunan Rh factor kuma jaririn tabbatacce Rh factor wanda ta gada daga mahaifinsa, lokacin da jinin jariri ya haɗu da mahaifiyarsa, tsarin garkuwar uwa zai haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta a kansa, wanda ka iya haifar, a cikin ciki na 2, cututtukan hemolytic na jariri. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a yi wannan gwajin a farkon farkon ciki, saboda, idan ya cancanta, ana iya ɗaukar matakan kariya don kauce wa wuce gona da iri ta hanyar ba da amsa.

3. Glucose mai azumi

Glucose mai azumi yana da mahimmanci don bincika ko akwai haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon suga na cikin, kuma yana da mahimmanci a yi shi a duka farkon watanni uku da na biyu na ciki, kuma a sa ido kan magani da kula da ciwon suga, misali, idan mace tuni yana dauke da ciki. an riga an gano shi.

Bugu da kari, tsakanin makon 24 da 28 na ciki, likita na iya nuna aikin gwajin TOTG, wanda aka fi sani da gwajin haƙuri na baka ko gwajin hantsin glycemic, wanda shine takamaiman gwaji don gano cutar ciwon ciki . Fahimci yadda ake yin TOTG.

4. Gwaje-gwaje don gano cututtukan

Wasu cututtukan ta ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta za a iya yada su ga jaririn yayin haihuwa ko tsoma baki tare da haɓakar sa, kamar yadda a wasu lokuta za su iya haye mahaifa. Bugu da kari, a game da mata masu fama da cutar mai saurin yaduwa, kamar su HIV, alal misali, yana da mahimmanci likita ya rinka sa ido kan kwayar a kai a kai kuma ya daidaita yawan magunguna, misali.

Sabili da haka, manyan cututtukan da dole ne a kimanta a cikin gwaji yayin daukar ciki sune:

• Syphilis, wanda kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa Treponema pallidum, wanda za a iya yada shi ga jariri yayin daukar ciki ko kuma a lokacin haihuwa, wanda ke haifar da cututtukan ciki, wanda ke iya zama halin rashin ji, makanta ko matsalolin jijiyoyin cikin jaririn. Binciken syphilis an san shi da VDRL kuma dole ne a yi shi a farkon watanni na biyu na ciki, ban da gaskiyar cewa yana da mahimmanci cewa mace ta sha magani daidai don kauce wa watsawa ga jariri;
• HIV, wanda zai iya haifar da cututtukan cututtukan mutum, AIDS, kuma wanda za'a iya ba da shi ga jaririn yayin haihuwa. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a gano mace, a duba kayan kwayar cutar kuma a daidaita maganin.
• Rubella, wanda cuta ce da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta na iyali Rubivirus kuma cewa lokacin da aka same shi yayin daukar ciki yana iya haifar da nakasa ga jariri, kurumta, canje-canje a idanun ko kuma jijiyar kwakwalwa, yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje don gano kwayar cutar a lokacin daukar ciki;
• Cytomegalovirus, kamar rubella, cututtukan cytomegalovirus na iya haifar da sakamako ga ci gaban jariri, wanda zai iya faruwa yayin da mace ba ta fara jinyar ba kuma kwayar cutar za ta iya wucewa ga jaririn ta wurin mahaifa ko yayin haihuwa. Saboda wannan, yana da mahimmanci a yi bincike don gano kamuwa da cutar cytomegalovirus yayin daukar ciki;
• Ciwon ciki, wata cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta hanyar rashin lafiya wanda zai iya haifar da haɗari ga jariri lokacin da cutar ta faru a ƙarshen ƙarshen ciki kuma, sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci mace ta yi taka tsantsan don guje wa kamuwa da cutar, tare da yin gwajin don fara magani da hana rikitarwa. Ara koyo game da toxoplasmosis a cikin ciki;
• Cutar hepatitis B da C, waxannan cututtukan cututtukan da ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar wa wanda kuma ana iya ɗaukar shi ga jariri, wanda zai iya haifar da saurin haihuwa ko ƙarancin nauyin haihuwa.

Ya kamata a yi waɗannan gwaje-gwajen a farkon watanni huɗu kuma a maimaita su a na biyu da / ko na uku na ciki, bisa ga jagorancin likitan mata. Bugu da kari, a cikin watanni uku na ciki, tsakanin mako na 35 da na 37 na ciki, yana da muhimmanci a gwada mace ga rukunin B streptococcus, da Streptococcus agalactiae, cewa wata kwayar cuta wacce take daga cikin kwayar cutar microbiota ta mace, amma ya danganta da yawanta na iya haifar da haɗari ga jaririn a lokacin haihuwa. Duba yadda ake yin gwajin don gano rukunin B streptococcus.

5. Binciken fitsari da al'adun fitsari

Yin fitsari, wanda aka fi sani da EAS, yana da mahimmanci don gano cututtukan fitsari, wanda ke saurin faruwa yayin daukar ciki. Baya ga EAS, likita ya kuma nuna cewa ana yin al'adar fitsari, musamman idan mace ta ba da rahoton alamomin kamuwa da cuta, saboda daga wannan binciken ana iya gano ko wane irin ƙwayar cuta ke da alhakin kamuwa da cutar kuma, don haka, yana yiwuwa ga likita don nuna mafi kyawun magani.

6. Duban dan tayi

Yin aikin duban dan tayi yana da matukar mahimmanci yayin daukar ciki, domin hakan yana baiwa likitan da matar damar lura da ci gaban bebin. Don haka, ana iya yin amfani da duban dan tayi don gano kasancewar amfrayo, lokacin daukar ciki da kuma taimakawa wajen tantance ranar haihuwa, bugun zuciyar jariri, matsayinsa, ci gabansa da kuma girman jaririn.

Shawarar ita ce a yi amfani da duban dan tayi a duk lokacin da ake ciki, a cewar jagoran likitan mata. Baya ga duban dan tayi na yau da kullun, ana iya yin gwajin duban dan tayi, wanda zai ba da damar ganin fuskar jariri da kuma gano cututtuka. Gano yadda ake yin gwajin duban dan tayi.

7. Gwajin mata

Baya ga gwaje-gwajen da likita ya saba nunawa, ana kuma iya ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwajen mata don tantance yankin na kusa. Hakanan za'a iya ba da shawarar yin gwajin rigakafin, wanda aka fi sani da Pap smear, wanda ke nufin bincika kasancewar canje-canje a cikin mahaifa wanda zai iya zama alamar kansa, misali. Don haka, yin waɗannan jarabawar yana da mahimmanci don hana rikitarwa ga mata.

Jarrabawa don ɗaukar ciki mai haɗari

Idan likita ya gano cewa ciki ne mai hatsarin gaske, yana iya nuna cewa ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don tantance matakin haɗarin kuma, don haka, ya nuna matakan da zasu iya rage haɗarin ɗaukar ciki da yiwuwar rikitarwa ga uwar da ga jariri. Ciki mai haɗarin gaske ya fi zama ruwan dare tsakanin mata sama da shekaru 35, tare da yiwuwar ɓarin ciki ko rikitarwa.

Wannan saboda saboda ƙwai na iya yin wasu canje-canje waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin jaririn da ke fama da wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar Down's Syndrome. Koyaya, ba duk matan da suka sami ciki ba bayan sun kai shekaru 35 suna da matsaloli yayin haihuwa, haihuwa ko haihuwa, haɗarin yafi yawa tsakanin mata masu kiba, masu ciwon suga ko waɗanda ke shan sigari.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen da likita zai iya nunawa sune:

• Bayanin biochemical tayi, Wanda ke taimakawa wajen gano cututtukan kwayoyin cuta a cikin jariri;
• Gyaran jikin mutum da / ko karyotype na tayi, wanda ke aiki don tantance cututtukan kwayoyin halitta;
• Rikon kwarjin tayi da electrocardiogram, wanda ke tantance aikin zuciyar jariri kuma yawanci ana nuna shi lokacin da aka gano rashin lafiyar zuciya a cikin jaririn ta hanyar binciken da ya gabata;
• MAP, wanda aka nuna wa mata masu hawan jini, don bincika haɗarin cutar pre-eclampsia;
• Amniocentesis, wanda ke aiki don gano cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su Down syndrome da cututtuka, kamar su toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus. Dole ne a yi tsakanin mako na 15 da na 18 na ciki;
• Cordocentesis, wanda aka fi sani da samfurin jinin tayi, yana aiki don gano duk wata ƙarancin chromosomal a cikin jariri ko kuma zargin gurɓataccen rubella da kuma ƙarshen toxoplasmosis a ciki;

Yin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen yana da mahimmanci saboda yana taimakawa wajen gano mahimman canje-canje waɗanda za a iya magance su don kada su shafar ci gaban ɗan tayi. Koyaya, duk da gwaje-gwajen, akwai cututtuka da cututtukan da ba a iya gano su sai bayan an haifi jaririn.