Anemia mai rauni: abin da yake, bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Yadda za a bi da

Pernicious anemia, wanda aka fi sani da Addison's anemia, wani nau'i ne na karancin jini na megaloblastic wanda ya haifar da rashi na bitamin B12 (ko cobalamin) a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka irin su rauni, pallor, gajiya da ƙyallen hannu da ƙafa, misali . Ara koyo game da bitamin B12.

Irin wannan karancin cutar yawanci ana gano shi ne bayan shekara 30, amma duk da haka a yanayin rashin abinci mai gina jiki na yara, alal misali, ana iya samun rashi wannan bitamin, wanda ke nuna karancin ƙarancin yara.

Ganewar cutar ƙarancin jini an yi ta ne musamman ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, inda a ciki ake dubfan bitamin B12 a cikin fitsari, misali. Yawancin lokaci ana yin jiyya ta hanyar ƙarin bitamin B12 da folic acid, ban da yin amfani da lafiyayyen abinci mai cike da bitamin B12.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamomin cutar karancin jini tana da alaƙa da rashin bitamin B12 a cikin jiki, waɗanda manyan su sune:

• Rashin rauni;
• Gwanin;
• Ciwon kai;
• Gajiya;
• Gudawa;
• Harshe mai laushi;
• Ingunƙwasa a hannu da ƙafa;
• Bugun zuciya;
• Rashin hankali;
• Ofarancin numfashi;
• Rashin fushi;
• Hannuwan sanyi da kafafu;
• Bayyanar ciwo a kusurwar baki.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi na cutar ƙarancin jini, yana yiwuwa tsarin mai juyayi ya daidaita, wanda zai haifar da matsaloli cikin tafiya, damuwa da ruɗuwa ta hankali. Ara koyo game da alamomin cutar ƙarancin jini.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa

Ana fama da cutar ƙarancin jini mai ƙarancin ƙarancin bitamin B12 a jiki ta rashin tasirin shan wannan bitamin saboda ƙarancin abin da ke cikin ciki, wanda shine furotin wanda bitamin B12 yake ɗaurewa don jiki ya sha. Sabili da haka, a cikin rashi na mahimmin abu shafan bitamin B12 ya lalace.

Dalilin da ya sa ake samun rashin jini a jiki shine na rigakafin cuta: tsarin garkuwar jiki na iya yin aiki ba daidai ba akan lakar ciki, wanda ke haifar da cutar atrophy da kumburi na yau da kullun, wanda hakan ke haifar da karuwar sinadarin hydrochloric acid da ke ciki da kuma rage samar da sinadarin ciki, don haka yana rage shayarwar. na bitamin B12.

Baya ga dalilin rigakafin cutar, ana iya haifar da cutar ƙarancin jini ta yanayi kamar cututtukan celiac, homocystinuria, rashi cobalt, ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki na yara, magani tare da paraminosalicylic acid da rashin abinci mai gina jiki yayin ciki, wanda zai iya haifar da jaririn da cutar ƙarancin jini.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ana yin binciken cutar ƙarancin jini mai lahani bisa ga alamun mutum da halaye na abinci. Koyaya, don tabbatar da ganewar asali ya zama dole ayi wasu gwaje-gwajen kamar narkewar ciki, wanda ke nufin gano raunuka a cikin ciki. Fahimci yadda ake yin endoscopy.

Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da shi don tabbatar da cutar cutar rashin jini ita ce gwajin Schilling, wanda ake gudanar da bitamin B12 na rediyo da baki da kuma awanni 2 daga baya an yi allurar da ke dauke da sinadarin bitamin B12 mara iska. Bayan awanni 24, ana tattara fitsari da kuma yin nazari a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Idan aka sami ƙarancin bitamin B12 mai iska a cikin fitsari, za a gudanar da ainihin abin da ke haɗuwa da bitamin B12 kwana uku zuwa bakwai bayan gwajin farko. Bayan awanni 24 ana sake tattara fitsarin kuma a sake nazarinsa kuma idan akwai gyara na kwayar bitamin B12 a cikin fitsarin, ana cewa gwajin yana da kyau ga cutar karancin jini, tunda an samar da jiki da sunadarin da ba a samarwa kuma hakan yana magance matsalar.

Baya ga gwajin Schilling, ana iya neman cikakken ƙidayar jini, kamar yadda kuma bincike ne da ke ba da damar gano ƙarancin jini. Countididdigar jini na cutar anemia mai haɗari ya ƙunshi manyan ƙimomin CMV (Matsakaicin Matsakaicin pabi'a), tunda jajayen ƙwayoyin jini sun fi girma, raguwa a cikin jimlar ƙwayoyin jinin jini, ƙaruwa a cikin RDW, wanda ke nuna cewa akwai babban bambanci tsakanin girman ƙwayoyin jinin ja, na canje-canje a surar jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.

Hakanan za'a iya buƙatar myelogram, wanda shine gwajin da ke nuna yadda ƙashin ƙashi ke aiki, wanda a yanayin cutar ƙarancin jini yana bayyana kasancewar manyan magabata erythroid. Wannan gwajin, duk da haka, yana da lahani kuma ba kasafai ake buƙata don taimakawa gano cutar rashin jini ba. Duba wane gwajin ne yake tabbatar da karancin jini.

Yadda za a bi da

Za a iya yin maganin anemia mai cutarwa tare da allurar bitamin B12 mai ɗauke da 50 - 1000µg ko na roba da ke ɗauke da 1000µg na bitamin bisa ga shawarar likita. Bugu da kari, ana iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da folic acid don hana sakamakon cutar neuronal. Ara koyo game da maganin cutar anemia mai illa.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a tuntubi masanin abinci mai gina jiki don ku sami kyakkyawar jagora kan abincin da ya kamata a sha a cikin cutar ƙarancin jini, tare da cin jan nama, ƙwai da cuku, misali, yawanci ana nunawa. Duba waɗanne abinci ne masu wadatar bitamin B12.

Duba bidiyo mai zuwa don ƙarin koyo game da irin wannan ƙarancin cutar: