Gwajin Antimitochondrial Antibody (AMA)

Wadatacce

• Me yasa aka umarci gwajin AMA?
• Yaya ake gudanar da gwajin AMA?
• Menene haɗarin gwajin AMA?
• Fahimtar sakamakon gwajin AMA

Menene gwajin antiimitochondrial antibody?

Mitochondria yana haifar da kuzari don ƙwayoyin jikinku suyi amfani da su. Suna da mahimmanci ga aikin yau da kullun na ƙwayoyin halitta.

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) misali ne na amsawar autoimmune wanda ke faruwa yayin da jiki ya juya kan ƙwayoyin kansa, kyallen takarda, da gabobinsa. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, tsarin garkuwar jiki yakan afkawa jiki kamar cuta.

Gwajin AMA yana gano matakan haɓaka na waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jinin ku. Ana amfani da gwajin sau da yawa don gano yanayin rashin lafiyar jiki wanda aka sani da firamare na farko na biliary cholangitis (PBC), wanda a baya aka sani da firam na farko na biliary cirrhosis.

Me yasa aka umarci gwajin AMA?

PBC ana haifar da shi ne ta hanyar kamuwa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta akan ƙananan ƙwayoyin bile a cikin hanta. Hanyoyin bile da suka lalace suna haifar da tabo, wanda zai haifar da gazawar hanta. Wannan yanayin kuma yana kawo haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa.

Kwayar cutar PBC sun hada da:

• gajiya
• fata mai ƙaiƙayi
• rawaya fata, ko jaundice
• zafi a cikin babba dama
• kumburi, ko kumburin hannu da ƙafa
• tarin ruwa a ciki
• bushe baki da idanu
• asarar nauyi

Ana amfani da gwajin AMA don taimakawa tabbatar da likitancin asibiti na PBC. Gwajin AMA mara kyau ya isa kawai don isa ga rashin lafiyar. Idan wannan ya faru, likita na iya yin oda ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, gami da waɗannan masu zuwa:

Anti-nukiliya antibodies (ANA): Wasu marasa lafiya tare da PBC suma suna gwada tabbatacce ga waɗannan kwayoyin.

Transaminases: A enzymes alanine transaminase da aspartate transaminase takamaiman hanta ne. Gwaji zai gano adadin da aka haɓaka, wanda yawanci alama ce ta cutar hanta.

Bilirubin: Wannan wani sinadari ne da jiki yake samarwa yayin da jajayen kwayoyin jini suka karye. Ana fitar da shi ta hanyar fitsari da kuma mara. Babban adadi na iya nuna cutar hanta.

Albumin: Wannan furotin ne da aka yi a cikin hanta. Levelsananan matakan na iya zama alamar cutar hanta ko cuta.

C-mai amsa furotin: Wannan gwajin ana ba da umarnin sau da yawa don bincika lupus ko cututtukan zuciya, amma kuma yana iya zama nuni ga sauran yanayin rashin lafiyar jiki.

Magungunan tsoka mai santsi (ASMA): Ana yin wannan gwajin sau da yawa tare da gwajin ANA kuma yana da amfani wajen bincikar cutar hanta.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da gwajin AMA don bincika ku don PBC idan gwajin jini na yau da kullun ya nuna cewa kuna da matakan alkalin phosphatase (ALP) mafi girma fiye da na al'ada. Matsakaicin matakin ALP na iya zama alamar bile bututu ko cutar gallbladder.

Yaya ake gudanar da gwajin AMA?

Gwajin AMA gwajin jini ne. Wata ma'aikaciyar jinya ko kuma ma'aikaciyar za ta zana jininka daga wata jijiya da ke kusa da gwiwar hannu ko hannunka. Wannan jini za'a tattara shi a cikin bututu sannan a tura shi zuwa dakin bincike domin bincike.

Likitanku zai tuntube ku don bayyana sakamakonku lokacin da aka samo su.

Menene haɗarin gwajin AMA?

Kuna iya fuskantar rashin jin daɗi lokacin da aka ɗebe samfurin jini. Za a iya jin zafi a wurin huji yayin ko bayan gwajin. Gabaɗaya, haɗarin zub da jini ba su da yawa.

Haɗarin haɗari sun haɗa da:

• wahalar samun samfurin, wanda ke haifar da sandunan allura da yawa
• zubar jini mai yawa a wurin allura
• suma a sakamakon zubar jini
• tara jini a ƙarƙashin fata, wanda aka sani da hematoma
• kamuwa da cuta a wurin huda

Ba a buƙatar shiri don wannan gwajin.

Fahimtar sakamakon gwajin AMA

Sakamakon gwaji na yau da kullun bashi da kyau ga AMA. Kyakkyawan AMA yana nufin cewa akwai matakan ganowa na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini. Kodayake gwajin AMA mai kyau galibi yana haɗuwa da PBC, amma kuma yana iya zama tabbatacce a cikin cututtukan hanta na hanta, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, da cututtukan da ke ɗauke da juna. Wadannan kwayoyin cutar sune wani bangare na yanayin karfin jikin da jiki ke samarwa.

Idan kuna da sakamako mai kyau, tabbas zaku buƙaci ƙarin gwaji don tabbatar da cutar ku. Musamman, likitanku na iya yin odar biopsy na hanta don ɗaukar samfurin daga hanta. Hakanan likitan ku na iya yin oda na CT ko MRI na hanta.