Rashin ji: yadda za'a gano, musabbabin cutar

Wadatacce

• Yadda ake ganewa
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Dalilan rashin ji

Kurma, ko rashin ji, rashi ne na wani bangare ko duka, wanda ke sanya wahala ga wanda abin ya shafa fahimta da sadarwa, kuma yana iya zama na haihuwa, lokacin da aka haifi mutum da nakasa, ko aka same shi tsawon rayuwarsa, saboda yaduwar kwayar halitta, rauni ko rashin lafiyar da ke shafar wannan sashin jiki.

Dalilin kuma zai iya tantance nau'in rashin ji, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin:

• Tuki kurma ko watsawa: yana faruwa ne yayin da wani abu ya toshe hanyar wucewar sauti zuwa kunnen ciki, saboda yana shafar waje ko tsakiyar kunne saboda dalilan da galibi ana iya magance su ko za'a iya warkewa, kamar fashewar kunne, tarin kunnen kunne, cututtukan kunne ko ciwace-ciwace, don misali;
• Rashin ji na sanyin ido ko tsinkaye: shine musabbabin abu, kuma yana tasowa ne saboda sa hannun kunnen ciki, kuma ba a sarrafa sautin ko watsa shi zuwa kwakwalwa, saboda sababi kamar lalacewar ƙwayoyin halittar sauraro ta hanyar shekaru, bayyanar da sauti mai ƙarfi , cututtukan jijiyoyin jini ko na rayuwa kamar hawan jini ko ciwon sukari, ciwace-ciwace ko cututtukan gado, alal misali.

Akwai kuma cakuda marassa kyau, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon haduwar nau'ikan nau'ikan guda 2 na rashin ji, saboda shigar baki da kunnen ciki. Yana da mahimmanci a gano nau'in rashin jin magana ta yadda za a fara farawa mafi dacewa, a cewar tsarin ƙwararrun likitocin ɗan adam.

Yadda ake ganewa

Rashin yanayin ji yana da raguwar ƙarfin fahimtar sauti, a wani ɓangare, wanda a wani matakin ji, ko duka, na iya ci gaba. Ana iya auna wannan rashin sauraren ta amfani da na'urar da ake kira da audiometer, wacce ke auna matakan sauraro a cikin decibel.

Don haka, ana iya rarraba rashin ji ta hanyar digiri a cikin:

• Haske: lokacin da rashin jin magana ya kai kimanin decibel 40, wanda ke hana jin sauti mai rauni ko nesa. Mutumin na iya samun matsala fahimtar tattaunawa kuma ya nemi a maimaita jimlar sau da yawa, koyaushe ana ganin abin ya shagala, amma yawanci ba ya haifar da canje-canje masu tsanani a yare;
• Matsakaici: shine rashin jin magana tsakanin decibel 40 zuwa 70, wanda a ciki ne kawai ake jin sautuna masu ƙarfi, suna haifar da matsaloli a sadarwa, kamar jinkirta yare, da kuma buƙatar ƙwarewar karatun leɓe don kyakkyawar fahimta;
• Mai tsananin: yana haifar da rashin jin magana tsakanin decibel 70 zuwa 90, wanda ke ba da damar fahimtar wasu sautuka da muryoyi masu ƙarfi, yana sanya fahimtar gani da karanta leɓo da mahimmanci don fahimta;
• Mai zurfi: shi ne nau'i mafi tsananin, kuma yana faruwa ne lokacin da rashin jin ya wuce decibel 90, yana hana sadarwa da fahimtar magana.

Game da alamomin da ke nuna rashin jin magana, ya kamata ka je wurin yin shawarwari tare da likitan otorhinolaryngologist, wanda, ban da gwajin jijiyoyin, za su yi gwajin asibiti don sanin ko na bangarorin biyu ne ko na bangare daya ne, menene dalilai masu yuwuwa kuma masu dacewa magani. Fahimci yadda ake yin gwajin sauti.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin rashin jin magana ya danganta da abin da ya haifar da shi, kuma ana iya nuna tsabtace ko magudanar ruwa na kunne lokacin da aka sami tarin kakin zuma ko ɓoyewa, ko kuma tiyata a yanayin ɓarin kunne ko kuma gyara wata nakasa, misali.

Koyaya, don dawo da ji, mutum na iya amfani da kayan amfani da kayan ji ko kayan aikin jin. Bayan nuna alamar jin, mai magana da yawun magana zai zama kwararren da ke da alhakin jagorantar amfani, nau'in na’urar, ban da daidaitawa da lura da na’urar sauraren mai amfani.

Bugu da kari, wasu marasa lafiyar na iya cin gajiyar wasu nau'ikan gyaran jiki wadanda suka hada da karanta lebe ko yaren kurame, wanda ke inganta ingancin sadarwa da mu'amalar wadannan mutane.

Dalilan rashin ji

Wasu daga cikin manyan dalilan rashin jin magana sun hada da sabubban da aka samu a tsawon rayuwarsu, walau kwatsam ko a hankali, kamar su:

• Kunun kakin zuma matsakaici, a cikin adadi mai yawa;
• Kasancewar ruwa, a matsayin asirce, a tsakiyar kunne;
• Kasancewar abu baƙon abu a cikin kunne, kamar ƙwayar shinkafa, misali, gama gari ga yara;
• Ciwon mara, wanda cuta ce inda mai motsawa, wanda yake ƙashi a kunne, ya daina faɗakarwa kuma sautin ba zai iya wucewa ba;
• Otitis mai tsanani ko na ƙarshe, a cikin ɓangaren waje ko tsakiyar kunne;
• Tasirin wasu magunguna kamar su chemotherapy, maganin bugun jini ko aminoglycosides;
• Yawan surutu, fiye da decibel 85 na dogon lokaci, kamar injunan masana'antu, kiɗa mai ƙarfi, makamai ko rokoki, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar jijiyoyin motsawar sauti;
• Ciwon kai ko bugun jini;
• Cututtuka kamar cututtukan sclerosis da yawa, lupus, cutar Peget, sankarau, cutar Ménière, hawan jini ko ciwon sukari;
• Syndromes kamar Alport ko Usher;

• Ciwon kunne ko ciwan ƙwaƙwalwar da ke shafar sashin sauraro.

Sharuɗɗan kurame na haihuwa suna faruwa ne lokacin da ake ɗauke da su yayin ɗaukar ciki, sakamakon maye da shan ƙwayoyi, rashin abinci mai gina jiki na uwa, cututtuka, kamar su ciwon sukari, ko ma cututtukan da ke tasowa yayin juna biyu, kamar su kyanda, rubella ko toxoplasmosis.