Mawallafi: Morris Wright
Ranar Halitta: 2 Afrilu 2021
Sabuntawa: 21 Nuwamba 2024
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Wadatacce

Ba lallai ba ne a yi tiyata don duk yanayin gunaguni na zuciya, saboda, a mafi yawan lokuta, yanayi ne mara kyau kuma mutum na iya rayuwa tare da shi ba tare da manyan matsalolin lafiya ba.

Bugu da kari, a cikin jarirai da yara, abu ne na kowa ga yawan yin gunaguni na tsawan watanni kawai ko shekaru kuma ya warware kansa ta hanyar dabi'a, tunda tsarin zuciya yana ci gaba.

Don haka, ana nuna tiyata a cikin yanayin da gunaguni ke haifar da wasu cututtuka, na tsokoki ko ƙusoshin zuciya, wanda ke dagula aikinsa, kamar ƙuntataccen aiki ko rashin isa, har zuwa haifar da alamomin kamar ƙarancin numfashi, gajiya ko bugun zuciya, misali. Mafi kyawun fahimtar menene kuma menene ke haifar da gunaguni na zuciya na manya da yara.

Yaya ake yin aikin tiyatar?

Tiyata don gyara cututtukan zuciya ana nuna ta likitan zuciya da likitan zuciya, waɗanda suka yanke shawara, tare, mafi kyawun nau'in tiyata don canza kowane mutum.


Sau da yawa, kafin aikin tiyata, ana iya gwada magani tare da magunguna don inganta yanayin da sarrafa alamun, tare da amfani da Hydralazine, Captopril ko Furosemide, alal misali, wanda zai iya zama da amfani ga wasu mutane. Koyaya, lokacin da alamun suka yi tsanani ko ba su inganta da magani, aikin tiyata na iya zama mafi kyawun madadin don inganta rayuwar jariri ko ta manya.

Don tsara aikin tiyatar, ana yin gwajin gabanin aiki, tare da batirin gwajin jini, kamar ƙididdigar jini da coagulogram, da hoto, kamar echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, kirji X-ray da catheterization na zuciya, misali.

Iri tiyata

Yin aikin, ga yaro da babba, ana yin shi ne gwargwadon lahani a cikin zuciya wanda dole ne a gyara shi, wanda zai iya zama:

  • Kunkuntar bugun zuciya, wanda ya bayyana a cikin cututtuka irin su mitral, aortic, pulmonary ko tricuspid stenosis: ana iya yin faɗuwa da balan-balan ta hanyar catheter da ake gabatarwa a cikin zuciya da kuma kumbura balan-balan ɗin a dai-dai wurin, ko kuma ta hanyar tiyata, inda zuciya ta gyara bawul ko, a wasu yanayi, ana maye gurbin bawul na wucin gadi;
  • Rashin isar bawul, wanda ke faruwa a lokuta na ɓarkewar mitral valve ko rashin isassun abubuwan bawul ɗin, kamar su aortic, mitral, pulmonary and tricuspid: ana iya yin tiyata don gyara lahani a cikin bawul din ko maye gurbin bawul din da na wucin gadi;
  • Congenic cardiopatics, kamar yadda yake a cikin jarirai masu sadarwa (IAC) ko sadarwa ta tsakiya (CIV), ci gaba da jan layi, ko tetralogy na Fallot, alal misali: ana yin tiyata don gyara lahani a cikin jijiyar zuciya.

A mafi yawan lokuta, hanya daya tak wajibi ne don inganta aikin zuciya da rage alamun, duk da haka, a cikin rikice-rikice masu rikitarwa, tiyata fiye da ɗaya na iya zama dole.


Yadda ake shirya tiyata

Don tiyata, ana buƙatar lokacin azumi, wanda ya bambanta gwargwadon shekaru, tare da matsakaita na awa 4 zuwa 6 ga jarirai da 8 h ga yara sama da shekaru 3 da manya. Ana yin aikin ne a ƙarƙashin maganin rigakafi na gaba ɗaya, kuma tsawon lokacin tiyatar ya dogara da nau'insa, amma ya bambanta tsakanin kusan awa 4 zuwa 8.

Hadarin tiyata

Duk wani aikin tiyata a zuciya yana da taushi saboda yana tattare da zuciya da zagawar jini, amma, a zamanin yau kasada ba ta da yawa, saboda sabbin fasahohin magunguna da kayan aikin tiyata.

Wasu rikitarwa waɗanda da kyar zasu iya faruwa a tiyatar zuciya sune zub da jini, kamuwa da cuta, infarction, kamawar zuciya ko ƙin bawul, misali. Wadannan nau'ikan rikitarwa za a iya kauce musu ta hanyar yin pre da post da kyau, suna bin duk umarnin likita.

Yaya dawo

Bayan tiyata, ana yin aikin bayan gida a cikin ICU, na kimanin kwanaki 2, sannan bin-sahu yana cikin ɗakin masu kula, inda yaro ko babba zai iya zama na kimanin kwanaki 7, tare da kimantawa daga likitan zuciyar, har sai an sallame shi. daga asibiti. A wannan lokacin, ban da yin amfani da magunguna don rashin jin daɗi da ciwo, kamar Paracetamol, ana iya fara aikin gyaran jiki don ƙarfi da numfashi na gyaran jiki bayan tiyata.


Bayan fitarwa gida, yakamata ku bi wasu jagororin, kamar:

  • Yi amfani da magungunan da likita ya tsara;
  • Kada ku yi ƙoƙari, sai dai waɗanda likitan kwantar da hankali ya ba da shawarar;
  • Kasance da daidaitaccen abinci, tare da abinci mai yalwar fiber, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari da hatsi cikakke, kamar oats da flaxseeds, da guje wa abinci mai ƙanshi ko gishiri;
  • Je komawa dawowa tare da likitan zuciyar don sake dubawa;
  • Yi tsammanin dawowar ko tuntuɓar likita nan da nan idan zazzabi ya wuce 38ºC, tsananin numfashi, zafi mai tsanani, zub da jini ko mafitsara a jikin tabon.

Learnara koyo game da murmurewa daga tiyatar ƙwaƙwalwar yara da kuma tiyatar zuciya ta manya.

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