FAN exam: menene shi, menene shi kuma sakamakon

Wadatacce

• Menene don
• Yadda ake yin jarabawa
• Wane shiri ya zama dole
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi

Gwajin ANA wani nau'in gwaji ne da aka yi amfani da shi sosai don taimakawa wajen gano cututtukan cututtukan zuciya, musamman Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Sabili da haka, wannan gwajin yana nufin gano kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini, waɗanda sune ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda jiki ke samarwa kuma waɗanda ke kai hari kan ƙwayoyin jiki da ƙwayoyin kansu.

Wannan gwajin ya ta'allaka ne akan yanayin haske na kwayoyin cuta, wanda zai bada damar duba shi ta hanyar madubin hangen nesa da kuma taimakawa wajen gano cututtuka daban-daban. Kodayake abu ne na al'ada don samun sakamako kadan a gwajin ANA, idan wannan adadi ya yi yawa sosai, yana iya nufin cewa akwai wata cuta ta jiki, wacce take bukatar ganowa da kuma warkar da ita da wuri-wuri don magance alamomin.

Menene don

Wannan jarrabawar FAN na iya taimakawa wajen bincikar cututtukan cikin jiki kamar su:

• Lupus, wanda shine cuta na autoimmune wanda ke nuna hauhawar farashin mahaɗa, fata, idanu da koda, alal misali;
• Rheumatoid amosanin gabbai, wanda a cikinsa akwai ciwo, ja da kumburin mahaɗan. Ga yadda za a gano cututtukan cututtukan rheumatoid;
• Arthwararrun cututtukan cututtukan yara, wanda a ciki akwai kumburi na haɗuwa ɗaya ko fiye a cikin yara;
• Autoimmune hepatitis, wanda kasancewar kwayar cutar ke haifar da kumburi a cikin hanta. San manyan alamomin cutar hanta ta autoimmune hepatitis;
• Scleroderma, wanda shine cututtukan ƙwayar cuta wanda ke nuna yawan haɓakar collagen, yana haifar da fata da haɗin gwiwa suyi tauri;
• Dermatomyositis, wanda shine cuta mai kumburi wanda ke nuna rauni na tsoka da cututtukan fata. Ara koyo game da dermatomyositis;
• Ciwon Sjogren, wanda ke dauke da kumburin gland daban-daban a jiki, yana haifar da bushewar idanu da baki, misali. Ga yadda ake gane alamomin cutar Sjogren.

Gabaɗaya, likita na iya shakkar waɗannan cututtukan idan mutum yana da alamomin da ke ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin su ɓace, kamar su jajaye a jiki, kumburi, ciwo mai ci gaba a gabobin, yawan gajiya ko zazzabi mai sauƙi, misali.

Yadda ake yin jarabawa

Wannan gwajin yana da sauki sosai, yana buƙatar jini kaɗan da ƙwararren masani ya cire, wanda aka tura shi zuwa dakin bincike don bincike.

Yawanci karbar jini ana yin sa ne a asibiti, amma kuma ana iya yin sa a asibitoci na musamman, na manya da yara. Game da jarirai, yawanci ana yin tarin ne da ɗan kaɗan a ƙafa, ba tare da buƙatar amfani da allurar ba.

A cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, ana yin gwajin ta hanyar ƙara fenti mai kyalli wanda aka yiwa alama tare da ƙwayoyin cuta don ganowa a cikin samfurin. Bayan haka, ana sanya jinin tare da launi mai lakabi a cikin akwati wanda ke ɗauke da al'adun ƙwayoyin mutum waɗanda aka sani da ƙwayoyin Hep-2, wanda ke ba da damar duban bayyane da yawa na tsarin kwayar halitta da sifofin ƙwayoyin halitta. Don haka yana yiwuwa a iya gano asalin, tunda ana yin sa ne daga yanayin haske wanda aka gani ta hanyar madubin hangen nesa.

Wane shiri ya zama dole

Babu wani nau'in shiri na musamman don gwajin FAN, ana ba da shawarar kawai a sanar da likita game da maganin da ake amfani da shi da kuma matsalolin lafiya.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi

A cikin mutanen da ke da lafiya, gwajin FAN yawanci ba shi da kyau ko ba shi da amsawa, tare da ƙimomi kamar su 1/40, 1/80 ko 1/160. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin cewa duk lokacin da ya zama mara kyau, babu cutar rashin kumburi. Don haka, koda kuwa ba shi da kyau, kuma bisa ga alamun da aka gabatar, likita na iya yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da cewa ba cuta ba ce ta jiki.

Lokacin da sakamakon ya tabbata, ko reagent, yawanci yakan gabatar da ƙimomin 1/320, 1/640 ko 1/1280. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma yanayin kirki wanda ya dogara da hasken da aka gani a karkashin madubin hangen nesa, wanda zai taimaka sosai wajen gane nau'in cuta kuma wanda zai iya haɗawa da:

• Nukiliya iri-iri: na iya nuna kasancewar lupus, cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid ko cututtukan yara na idiopathic, ya danganta da magungunan da aka gano. Idan aka gano kasancewar anti-DNA, anti-chromatin da anti-histone antibodies, wannan yana nuna cutar lupus;
• Tsarin nukiliya mai cike da ɗigo: yawanci yana nuna alamar scleroderma;
• Tarar nukiliya cike da diga: yawanci yana nuna cutar Sjögren ko lupus, ya danganta da magungunan da aka gano;
• Nukiliya cike da danshi: lupus, rheumatoid arthritis ko systemic sclerosis bisa ga ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gano;
• Kyakkyawan cike da ɗigon halittu: yana iya zama polymyositis ko dermatomyositis;
• Ci gaba da membrane: na iya nuna cutar hepatitis na autoimmune ko lupus;
• Dotted Nucleolar: yawanci alama ce ta rashin lafiyar tsarin cuta.

Wadannan sakamakon dole ne koyaushe likita ya fassara su kuma ya kimanta su, kuma kusan a kowane yanayi, ƙarin gwaje-gwaje ya zama dole kafin tabbatar da asalin cutar.