Menene phagocytosis da yadda yake faruwa

Wadatacce

• Kamar yadda yake faruwa
• Menene don

Phagocytosis tsari ne na halitta a cikin jiki wanda ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ke lulluɓe manya-manyan ƙwayoyi ta hanyar fitowar pseudopods, waɗanda su ne sifofi waɗanda suke tasowa azaman faɗaɗa membrane ɗin plasma ɗinsa, da nufin yaƙi da hana kamuwa da cuta.

Baya ga kasancewa tsari ne da sel masu garkuwar jiki ke aiwatarwa, ana iya aiwatar da phagocytosis ta hanyar kananan kwayoyin halitta, musamman kwayar cuta, tare da manufar samun abubuwan gina jiki da suka dace da ci gaban su da yaduwar su.

Kamar yadda yake faruwa

Mafi yawan lokuta da kuma saurin yaduwar cutar da ke faruwa shine nufin fada da hana ci gaban cututtuka kuma, don hakan, yana faruwa a wasu matakai, sune:

1. Roxididdiga, wanda phagocytes ke kusanci jikin baƙon, waɗanda sune ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta ko tsari da abubuwan da aka samar ko aka bayyana ta hanyar su;
2. Ganewa da riko, wanda kwayoyin halitta ke gane tsarin da ake bayyanawa a jikin kwayar halittar, su yi riko da su kuma a kunna su, suna ba da mataki na gaba;
3. Ullawa, wanda yayi daidai da lokacin da phagocytes ke fitowar pseudopods domin ya kunshi wakili mai mamayewa, wanda ya haifar da samuwar phagosome ko phagocytic vacuole;
4. Mutuwa da narkar da kwayar da ke tattare, wanda ya kunshi kunnawa ta hanyoyin salula wadanda zasu iya inganta mutuwar kwayar cutar mai cutar, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon haɗuwar phagosome tare da lysosomes, wanda tsari ne wanda yake cikin ƙwayoyin halittar da ke kunshe da enzymes, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa zuwa narkewar narkewar abinci, inda narkewar ciki a ciki yake faruwa.

Bayan narkewar cikin cikin cikin, wasu ragowar zasu iya zama cikin kwayar cutar, wanda kwayar zata iya kawar dashi daga baya. Wadannan ragowar za'a iya kama su ta hanyar protozoa, suma ta hanyar phagocytosis, don amfani dasu azaman abubuwan gina jiki.

Menene don

Dogaro da wakilin da ke yin phagocytosis, ana iya yin phagocytosis don dalilai biyu daban-daban:

• Yaƙi cututtuka: a wannan yanayin, ana aiwatar da phagocytosis ne ta hanyar kwayoyin da ke cikin tsarin garkuwar jiki, wadanda ake kira phagocytes kuma wadanda suke aiwatar da kwayar halittar kwayoyin cuta da tarkace ta salula, fada ko hana faruwar cututtuka. Kwayoyin da galibi suke da alaƙa da wannan phagocytosis sune leukocytes, neutrophils da macrophages.
• Samu na gina jiki: phagocytosis don wannan dalili ana yin shi ne ta hanyar protozoa, wanda ya ƙunshi tarkace ta hanyar salula don samun abubuwan gina jiki da ake buƙata don haɓakar su da haɓaka.

Phagocytosis tsari ne na halitta na kwayar halitta kuma yana da mahimmanci cewa kwayoyin phagocytic dole ne su zaba ga wakilin da dole ne a goge su, saboda in ba haka ba za'a iya samun phagocytosis na sauran kwayoyin halitta da sifofi a jiki, wanda zai iya yin tasiri akan aiki mai kyau na kwayoyin.