Cututtukan ciki

Wadatacce

• Menene nau'ikan cututtukan mafitsara?
• Duwatsu masu tsakuwa
• Cholecystitis
• Choledocholithiasis
• Ciwon mara na gallbladder
• Biliary dyskinesia
• Ciwan cholangitis
• Ciwon ciki na mafitsara
• Gallbladder polyps
• Gangrene na gallbladder
• Cessaukar mafitsara
• Ta yaya ake gano cutar gallbladder?
• Cikakken tarihin lafiya
• Gwajin jiki
• Kirji da X-ray na ciki
• Duban dan tayi
• Binciken HIDA
• Sauran gwaje-gwaje
• Yaya ake magance cututtukan ciki?
• Canjin rayuwa
• Maganin likita
• Tiyata
• Matsalolin da za a iya dadewa na cutar gallbladder
• Shin za a iya hana cututtukan ciki?

Bayani game da cutar gallbladder

Ana amfani da kalmar cutar gallbladder don nau'ikan yanayi da dama da zasu iya shafar mafitsarar ku.

Gallbladder wata karamar jaka ce mai siffa mai pear wacce take can ƙasan hanta. Babban aikin gallbladder din ka shine adana bile din da hanta ta samar ka wuce dashi ta wani bututun da yake zubowa zuwa cikin karamar hanji. Bile yana taimaka muku narkewar ƙwayoyi a cikin ƙananan hanjinku.

Kumburi yana haifar da mafi yawan cututtukan ciki na gallbladder saboda fushin ganuwar gallbladder, wanda aka sani da cholecystitis. Wannan kumburin yana yawan faruwa ne saboda duwatsun gall da ke toshe bututun da ke kaiwa ga ƙananan hanji kuma yana haifar da bile. Yana iya ƙarshe haifar da necrosis (lalata nama) ko gangrene.

Menene nau'ikan cututtukan mafitsara?

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan ciki da yawa.

Duwatsu masu tsakuwa

Duwatsu masu tsakuwa suna tasowa lokacin da abubuwa a cikin bile (kamar su cholesterol, saltsen bile, da alli) ko kuma abubuwa daga jini (kamar bilirubin) suka samar da ƙananan ƙwayoyi waɗanda suke toshe hanyoyin zuwa mafitsara da kuma bile ducts.

Har ila yau, tsakuwar dutse ma yakan zama lokacin da gallbladder baya komai kwatankwacinsa ko kuma sau da yawa. Suna iya zama karami kamar ƙwayar yashi ko girma kamar ƙwallon golf.

Abubuwa masu yawa suna taimakawa ga haɗarin duwatsun gall. Wadannan sun hada da:

• yin kiba ko kiba
• da ciwon sukari
• kasancewar shekara 60 ko sama da hakan
• shan magungunan da ke dauke da sinadarin estrogen
• samun tarihin dangin gall
• kasancewa mace
• samun cututtukan Crohn da sauran yanayin da ke shafar yadda ake amfani da abinci mai gina jiki
• samun ciwon sanriya ko wasu cututtukan hanta

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis shine mafi yawan nau'in cututtukan ciki. Yana gabatar da kanta azaman mai saurin ciwo mai saurin gallbladder.

Cutar cholecystitis mai tsanani

Cutar cholecystitis mai yawa galibi yana haifar da gallstones. Amma kuma yana iya zama sakamakon ciwan ƙari ko wasu cututtuka daban-daban.

Yana iya gabatarwa tare da ciwo a gefen dama na sama ko ɓangaren tsakiya na ciki na ciki. Ciwon yana faruwa daidai bayan cin abinci kuma ya fara ne daga azaba mai kaifi zuwa ciwo mara zafi wanda zai iya haskakawa zuwa kafaɗarku ta dama. Cutar cholecystitis mai yawa na iya haifar da:

• zazzaɓi
• tashin zuciya
• amai
• jaundice

Ciwan cholecystitis na kullum

Bayan kai hare-hare da yawa na babban cholecystitis, mafitsara na iya taƙaitawa ya rasa ikon adanawa da sakin bile. Ciwon ciki, tashin zuciya, da amai na iya faruwa. Yin aikin tiyata sau da yawa shine buƙatar da ake buƙata don ciwan cholecystitis.

Choledocholithiasis

Duwatsun tsakuwa na iya zama a wuyan gallbladder ko cikin bututun bile. Lokacin da gallbladder ke toshe ta wannan hanyar, bile ba zai iya fita ba. Wannan na iya haifar da kumburin ciki ya zama mai ƙonewa ko damuwa.

Manyan bututun da aka toshe zasu kara hana bile tafiya daga hanta zuwa hanjin hanji. Choledocholithiasis na iya haifar da:

• matsanancin ciwo a tsakiyar babbarka ta sama
• zazzaɓi
• jin sanyi
• tashin zuciya
• amai
• jaundice
• kodadde mai launi ko laka

Ciwon mara na gallbladder

Cutar cututtukan gallbladder shine ƙonewar gallbladder wanda ke faruwa ba tare da kasancewar gallstall ba. Samun babban rashin lafiya mai tsanani ko rashin lafiya mai tsanani an nuna shi don haifar da wani lamari.

Kwayar cututtukan suna kama da ƙananan cholecystitis tare da duwatsun gallstones. Wasu dalilai masu haɗari ga yanayin sun haɗa da:

• mummunan rauni na jiki
• tiyatar zuciya
• tiyatar ciki
• mummunan konewa
• yanayin autoimmune kamar lupus
• cututtukan rafi na jini
• karbar abinci mai gina jiki a ciki (IV)
• manyan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta

Biliary dyskinesia

Biliary dyskinesia na faruwa yayin da gallbladder ke aiki kasa-da-al'ada. Wannan yanayin na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da ciwan kumburin gallbladder.

Kwayar cututtuka na iya haɗawa da ciwon ciki na sama bayan cin abinci, tashin zuciya, kumburin ciki, da rashin narkewar abinci. Cin abinci mai mai na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. Yawanci babu gallstones a cikin gallbladder tare da biliary dyskinesia.

Likitanka na iya buƙatar yin amfani da gwajin da ake kira HIDA scan don taimakawa gano wannan yanayin. Wannan gwajin yana auna aikin gallbladder. Idan gallbladder zai iya sakin kashi 35 zuwa 40 na abubuwan da ke ciki ko kasa da haka, to yawanci ana gano cutar ta dyskinesia.

Ciwan cholangitis

Ciwon kumburi da lalacewar tsarin bututun bile na iya haifar da tabo. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa sclerosing cholangitis. Duk da haka, ba a san abin da ke haifar da wannan cuta ba.

Kusan rabin mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin ba su da alamomi. Idan bayyanar cututtuka ta faru, zasu iya haɗawa da:

• zazzaɓi
• jaundice
• ƙaiƙayi
• rashin jin daɗin ciki na sama.

Kusan mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin suna da ciwon ulcerative colitis. Samun wannan yanayin yana ƙara haɗarin cutar kansar hanta kuma. A halin yanzu, sanannen magani shi ne dashen hanta.

Magungunan da ke dankwafar da garkuwar jiki da kuma wadanda ke taimakawa karyewar bile mai kauri na iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa alamomin.

Ciwon ciki na mafitsara

Ciwon daji na gallbladder cuta ce mai saurin gaske. Akwai nau'o'in cututtukan cututtukan ciki. Suna iya zama da wahala a iya magance su saboda ba a yawan gano su har zuwa ƙarshen cutar. Duwatsu masu tsakuwa sune sanadin haɗarin kansar gallbladder.

Ciwon kanji yana iya yadawa daga bangon ciki na gallbladder zuwa shimfidar waje sannan kuma zuwa hanta, ƙwayoyin lymph, da sauran gabobi. Alamomin cutar kansa na gallbladder na iya zama kamar na babban cholecystitis, amma kuma babu alamun alamun kwata-kwata.

Gallbladder polyps

Gallbladder polyps raunuka ne ko ci gaban da ke faruwa a cikin gallbladder. Yawancin lokaci basu da kyau kuma basu da alamun bayyanar. Koyaya, ana bada shawara sau da yawa don cire gallbladder don polyps girma fiye da santimita 1. Suna da babbar dama ta cutar kansa.

Gangrene na gallbladder

Gangrene na iya faruwa yayin da gallbladder ya inganta isasshen jini. Wannan shine ɗayan mawuyacin rikitarwa na babban cholecystitis. Abubuwan da ke ƙara haɗarin wannan matsalar sun haɗa da:

• kasancewa namiji kuma sama da shekaru 45
• da ciwon sukari

Kwayar cututtukan gallbladder gangrene na iya hadawa da:

• dull zafi a cikin yankin gallbladder
• zazzaɓi
• tashin zuciya ko amai
• rikicewa
• saukar karfin jini

Cessaukar mafitsara

Cessaƙarin ƙwayar gallbladder yana haifar da lokacin da gallbladder ya zama kumburi tare da ƙura. Pus shine tarin ƙwayoyin farin jini, mataccen nama, da ƙwayoyin cuta. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ciwon dama na dama a cikin ciki tare da zazzaɓi da rawar sanyi.

Wannan yanayin na iya faruwa yayin tsananin cholecystitis lokacin da gallstone ta toshe maƙarƙashiyar kwata-kwata, ta barin maƙarfan ciki ya cika da maƙura. Ya fi faruwa ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari da cututtukan zuciya.

Ta yaya ake gano cutar gallbladder?

Don bincika cutar gallbladder, likitanku zai tambaye ku game da tarihin lafiyarku kuma yayi gwajin ciki. Wannan zai hada da duba ciwo a ciki. Ana iya amfani da ɗaya ko fiye na waɗannan gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin:

Cikakken tarihin lafiya

Jerin alamun cututtukan da kuke fuskanta da duk wani tarihin mutum ko na iyali na cutar gallbladder suna da mahimmanci. Hakanan za'a iya yin kimantawa ta kiwon lafiya gaba ɗaya don tantance idan akwai alamun alamun cutar gallbladder na dogon lokaci.

Gwajin jiki

Kwararka na iya yin motsa jiki na musamman yayin gwajin ciki don neman abin da ake kira "Alamar Murphy."

A lokacin wannan motsawar, likitanku zai ɗora hannuwansu a kan cikin kan gallbladder. Za su tambaye ka ka ɗauki numfashi yayin nazarin da jin yankin. Idan kun ji ciwo mai mahimmanci, yana ba da shawara mai yiwuwa ku kamu da cutar gallbladder.

Kirji da X-ray na ciki

Symptomatic cholecystitis wani lokacin zai nuna duwatsu a cikin X-ray na ciki idan duwatsun suna dauke da alli. X-ray na kirji na iya nuna jinƙai ko ciwon huhu.

Koyaya, X-ray ba shine mafi kyawun gwaji don gano cutar gallbladder ba. Sau da yawa ana amfani da su don yin sarauta da wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwo wanda ba shi da alaƙa da duwatsun gall, gallbladder, ko hanta.

Duban dan tayi

Wani duban dan tayi yayi amfani da igiyar ruwa don samar da hotuna a jikinka. Wannan gwajin yana daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin da likitanka yayi amfani dasu dan yin gwajin cutar gallbladder. An duban dan tayi na iya kimanta gallbladder don kasancewar gallstones, kaurin bango, polyps, ko taro. Hakanan zai iya gano duk wata matsala a cikin hanta.

Binciken HIDA

A HIDA scanning yana kallon tsarin bututun dake cikin gallbladder da hanta. Ana amfani dashi sau da yawa lokacin da mutum yake da alamun gallbladder amma duban dan tayi bai nuna dalilin alamun ba. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da hoton HIDA don ƙarin kimantawa sosai game da tsarin bile duct.

Wannan gwajin zai iya kimanta aikin gallbladder ta amfani da wani abu mai tasirin rediyo. Allurar an sanya wannan abu a cikin jijiya sannan a kalle shi yayin da yake motsawa cikin mafitsara. Hakanan za'a iya yin wani maganin wanda zai sa gallbladder ya saki bile.

Aikin HIDA yana nuna yadda gallbladder ke motsa bile ta cikin tsarin bile duct system. Hakanan yana iya auna ƙimar bile da ke motsi daga cikin mafitsara. Wannan sananne ne azaman ejection. Consideredarancin ejection na al'ada don gallbladder ana ɗauka tsakanin kashi 35 zuwa 65.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje

Sauran gwaje-gwajen hotunan, kamar su CT da MRI ana iya amfani da su. Hakanan ana yin gwajin jini don bincika ƙara ƙididdigar ƙwayar jinin jini da aikin hanta mara kyau.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) gwaji ne mai cutarwa amma mai amfani. Ana saka kyamarar sassauƙa a cikin bakin kuma zuwa bayan ciki zuwa cikin ƙananan hanji. An yi amfani da dye mai banbanci don nuna tsarin bututun bile tare da keɓaɓɓen X-ray.

ERCP jarabawa ce mai amfani musamman idan ana tsammanin toshewar duwatsu. Duk wani gallstone da ke haifar da toshewar jiki galibi ana iya cire shi yayin wannan aikin.

Yaya ake magance cututtukan ciki?

Canjin rayuwa

Tunda wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya suna ƙara haɗarin samuwar gallstone, canje-canje a cikin salon rayuwa na iya taimakawa wajen gudanar da cutar gallbladder a cikin mutane ba tare da alamomi ba. Yin kiba da ciwon suga yana ƙara yiwuwar gallstones. Rashin nauyi da samun kyakkyawan iko akan ciwon suga na iya taimaka rage haɗarin ka.

Koyaya, saurin hasara mai nauyi na iya haifar da samuwar gallstone. Yi magana da likitanka game da hanyoyin aminci don rage nauyi.

Activityara motsa jiki yana bayyana don rage haɓakar gallstone tare da rage babban triglycerides, wani nau'in mai a cikin jini. Ana ba da shawarar sau da yawa don barin shan sigari da iyakance shan barasa kuma.

Maganin likita

Sashin farko na kumburin gallbladder galibi ana kula dashi tare da magungunan ciwo. Saboda ciwo yana da yawa sau da yawa, ana buƙatar magungunan likita. Likitan ku na iya rubuta magunguna tare da codeine ko hydrocodone. Ana iya wajabta maganin rigakafin cututtukan gargajiya na IV, ko magunguna masu ƙarfi kamar morphine.

Ba za a iya amfani da magungunan kan-kan-kan-kan kamar ibuprofen (Advil) da naproxen (Aleve) kamar yadda ya kamata ba saboda yawan haɗarin jiri da amai. Idan kun bushe, magungunan anti-inflammatory ma na iya haifar da larurar koda mai tsanani.

Yawancin mutane suna da wahalar magance ciwo da alamomin da ke tattare da shi a gida. Yi magana da likitanka don tattauna mafi kyawun magani a gare ku.

Bincike mai gudana yana duba amfani da ezetimibe na magani da kuma rawar da yake takawa wajen rage samuwar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cholesterol. Wannan magani yana canza yadda jiki ke karbar cholesterol daga sashin hanji.

Tiyata

Za a ba da shawarar yin aikin tiyata don cire mafitsara idan kun taɓa fuskantar yanayi da yawa na kumburi. Yin aikin tiyata yana ci gaba da kasancewa hanyar da ta fi inganci don magance cutar gallbladder.

Ana iya yin aikin tiyata ko dai ta buɗe ciki tare da ragi, ko kuma ta hanyar laparoscopically. Wannan ya haɗa da yin ramuka da yawa ta bangon ciki da saka kyamara. Yin aikin tiyata na laparoscopic yana ba da damar saurin warkewa. An fi son wannan hanyar ga mutanen da ba su da rikitarwa na babbar cutar gallbladder.

Bayan tiyatar gallbladder ta kowace hanya, ba bakon abu bane mutane su fuskanci wasu gudawa. A cewar Asibitin Mayo, kusan mutane 3 cikin 10 na iya yin gudawa bayan tiyatar bahon.

Ga yawancin mutane, zawo zai wuce na 'yan makonni kawai. Amma a cikin wasu lamura, zai iya daukar shekaru. Idan gudawa na ci gaba bayan tiyata fiye da makonni biyu, yi magana da likitanka. Dogaro da wasu alamun cutar, ƙila a buƙaci gwaji na gaba.

Matsalolin da za a iya dadewa na cutar gallbladder

Mindin-fitsari na iya samar da wata hanyar da ba ta dace ba, ko kuma cutar yoyon fitsari, tsakanin mafitsara da hanji don taimakawa wajen aiwatar da bile na hanta. Wannan shine mafi yawan lokuta rikitarwa na ciwan kumburi mai alaƙa da gallstones.

Sauran rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da:

• toshewar hanji
• kumburi da tabo
• perforation (rami a cikin gallbladder)
• cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ciki, da aka sani da peritonitis
• mummunan canji (canjin kwayoyin halitta ya zama cutar kansa)

Shin za a iya hana cututtukan ciki?

Ba za a iya canza wasu abubuwan haɗari ga cututtukan ciki, kamar jima'i da shekaru ba. Koyaya, tsarin abincin ku na iya taka rawa wajen haɓaka duwatsun gall. Dangane da Cibiyar Kula da Ciwon Suga da Cututtukan narkewar abinci da Koda (NIDDK), abincin da ke dauke da zare da lafiyayyen kitse na iya taimakawa wajen hana duwatsun gall.

Tataccen hatsi (wanda aka samo a cikin hatsi mai laushi da farin shinkafa, burodi, da taliya) da kayan zaki masu daɗi suna da alaƙa da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar gallbladder. Dukkanin hatsi kamar shinkafa launin ruwan kasa da gurasar alkama da kitse daga kifi da man zaitun duk suna bada shawara.

An fahimci matsalolin gallbladder na baya kuma an magance su, ƙananan mawuyacin rikitarwa zasu faru. Yana da mahimmanci ka yi magana da likitanka idan kana fuskantar wasu alamu ko alamomin cutar gallbladder.