Dutsen duwatsu

Wadatacce

• Bita don

Gallstones na faruwa lokacin da abubuwan da ke cikin bile suka taurara cikin ƙananan, guntun tsakuwa a cikin gallbladder. Yawancin duwatsun gallstone galibi ana yin su ne da taurin cholesterol. Idan bile na ruwa ya ƙunshi cholesterol da yawa, ko kuma gallbladder bai cika komai ba ko sau da yawa, gallstones na iya samuwa.

Wanene ke cikin haɗari?

Mata sun ninka na maza samun gallstones sau biyu. Harshen estrogen na mace yana haɓaka matakan cholesterol a cikin bile kuma yana jinkirin motsi gallbladder. Sakamakon ya fi girma a cikin ciki yayin da matakan estrogen ya tashi. Wannan yana taimakawa bayanin dalilin da yasa mata da yawa ke haɓaka gallstones lokacin da suke ciki ko bayan haihuwa. Haka kuma, idan ka sha maganin hana haihuwa ko maganin hormone menopause, kana da damar da za ka iya tasowa gallstones.

Hakanan zaka iya samun gallstones idan ka:

• da tarihin iyali na gallstones
• suna da kiba
• ci abinci mai-mai-mai, mai yawan cholesterol
• sun rasa nauyi mai yawa da sauri
• sun girmi 60
• Ba'amurke Ba'amurke ne ko Ba'amurke Ba'amurke
• shan magunguna masu rage cholesterol
• suna da ciwon sukari

Alamun

Wani lokaci duwatsun gallstone ba su da alamun cutar kuma baya buƙatar magani. Amma idan gallstones sun shiga cikin bututun da ke ɗauke da bile daga gallbladder ko hanta zuwa ƙaramin hanji, suna iya haifar da "gallbladder". Harin yana kawo tsayayyen zafi a cikin babba na dama, karkashin kafadar dama, ko tsakanin ruwan kafada. Ko da yake hare-hare sukan wuce yayin da duwatsun gallstone ke tafiya gaba, wani lokacin dutse na iya shiga cikin bile duct. Tushen da aka toshe zai iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa ko kamuwa da cuta.

Alamun gargaɗi na katanga bile

Idan kuna da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun alamun bututun bile da aka katange, ga likitan ku nan da nan:

* ciwon da ke wuce fiye da awanni 5

* tashin zuciya da amai

* zazzaɓi

* fata ko idanu masu launin rawaya

* stool mai launin yumbu

Magani

Idan kana da gallstones ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba, ba ka buƙatar magani. Idan kuna yawan kai hare-haren gallbladder akai-akai, wataƙila likitanku zai ba da shawarar ku cire gallbladder ɗinku-wani aiki da ake kira cholecystectomy.

Tiyata

Yin tiyata don cire gallbladder-wani gabobin da ba su da mahimmanci-yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan tiyata da ake yi akan manya a Amurka.

Kusan dukkanin cholecystectomies ana yin su tare da laparoscopy. Bayan ya ba ku magunguna don kwantar da ku, likitan tiyata yana yin ƙananan kanti a cikin ciki kuma yana saka laparoscope da ƙaramin kyamarar bidiyo. Kamarar tana aika hoto mai girma daga cikin jiki zuwa na'urar duba bidiyo, yana ba likitan fiɗa hangen nesa na gabobi da kyallen takarda. Yayin kallon mai duba, likitan tiyata yana amfani da kayan aikin don rarrabe gallbladder daga hanta, hanjin bile, da sauran sifofi. Sannan likitan tiyata ya yanke bututun cystic kuma ya cire gallbladder ta daya daga cikin kananan hanyoyin.

Farfadowa bayan tiyata laparoscopic yawanci ya ƙunshi dare ɗaya ne kawai a asibiti, kuma ana iya ci gaba da aiki na al'ada bayan 'yan kwanaki a gida. Saboda ba a yanke tsokar ciki a yayin aikin tiyata, marasa lafiya suna da ƙarancin ciwo da ƙarancin rikitarwa fiye da bayan tiyata “buɗe”, wanda ke buƙatar rabe-raben inci 5 zuwa 8 a cikin ciki.

Idan gwaje-gwaje sun nuna gallbladder yana da kumburi mai tsanani, kamuwa da cuta, ko tabo daga wasu ayyuka, likitan fiɗa na iya yin tiyata a buɗe don cire gallbladder. A wasu lokuta, ana shirin tiyata a buɗe; duk da haka, wani lokacin ana gano waɗannan matsalolin yayin laparoscopy kuma dole ne likitan tiyata ya yi babban tiyata. Farfadowa daga buɗe tiyata yawanci yana buƙatar kwanaki 3 zuwa 5 a asibiti da makonni da yawa a gida. Bude tiyata ya zama dole a kusan kashi 5 na ayyukan gallbladder.

Mafi yawan rikitarwa a tiyata na gallbladder shine rauni ga duwatsu bile. Raunin bile na kowa da ya ji rauni zai iya zubo bile kuma ya haifar da ciwo mai haɗari da haɗari. Wasu raunuka masu rauni a wasu lokuta ana iya bi da su ba tare da tiyata ba. Babban rauni, duk da haka, ya fi tsanani kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin tiyata.

Idan duwatsun gallstones suna cikin bile ducts, likita-yawanci likitan gastroenterologist-na iya amfani da ERCP don ganowa da cire su kafin ko lokacin tiyatar gallbladder. Wani lokaci, mutumin da ya sami cholecystectomy ana gano shi da gallstone a cikin bile ducts makonni, watanni, ko ma shekaru bayan tiyata. Hanyar ERCP galibi tana samun nasara wajen cire dutse a cikin waɗannan lamuran.

Magungunan tiyata

Ana amfani da hanyoyin da ba na tiyata ba ne kawai a cikin yanayi na musamman-kamar lokacin da majiyyaci yana da mummunan yanayin likita da ke hana tiyata-kuma kawai don duwatsun cholesterol. Duwatsu yawanci suna komawa cikin shekaru 5 a marasa lafiya da ba a yi musu tiyata ba.

• Maganin narkewar baki. Ana amfani da magungunan da aka yi daga bile acid don narkar da gallstones. Magungunan ursodiol (Actigall) da chenodiol (Chenix) suna aiki mafi kyau ga ƙananan duwatsun cholesterol. Watanni ko shekaru na magani na iya zama dole kafin duk duwatsun su narke. Dukansu kwayoyi na iya haifar da zawo mai sauƙi, kuma chenodiol na iya haɓaka matakan cholesterol na jini na ɗan lokaci da enzyme hanta transaminase.
  
• Tuntuɓi maganin rushewa. Wannan hanyar gwaji ta ƙunshi allurar magani kai tsaye a cikin gallbladder don narkar da duwatsun cholesterol. Magungunan-methyl tert-butyl ether-na iya narkar da wasu duwatsu a cikin kwanaki 1 zuwa 3, amma yana haifar da haushi kuma an ba da rahoton wasu matsaloli. Ana gwada hanyar a cikin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya tare da ƙananan duwatsu.

Rigakafin

Anan akwai wasu matakai da zaku iya ɗauka don taimakawa hana gallstones:

• Kula da lafiyayyen nauyi.
• Idan kuna buƙatar rage nauyi, yi sannu a hankali-bai wuce ½ zuwa fam 2 a mako ba.
• Ku ci abinci mai ƙarancin kitse, ƙarancin cholesterol.

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