Glioma: menene menene, digiri, iri, alamomi da magani

Wadatacce

• Nau'oi da digiri na Glioma
• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Gliomas sune cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa waɗanda ƙwayoyin glial ke ciki, waɗanda sune ƙwayoyin da ke haɗa Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin (CNS) kuma suna da alhakin tallafawa ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma aikin da ya dace na tsarin juyayi. Irin wannan kumburin yana da kwayar halitta, amma da wuya ya zama gado. Koyaya, idan akwai larura a cikin iyalin glioma, ana ba da shawarar cewa a gudanar da shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta don bincika kasancewar maye gurbi da ke da alaƙa da wannan cuta.

Gliomas za a iya rarraba shi bisa ga wurin su, kwayoyin da ke ciki, saurin girma da tashin hankali kuma, bisa ga waɗannan dalilai, babban likita da likitan jijiyoyin na iya ƙayyade maganin da ya fi dacewa game da shari'ar, wanda yawanci ta hanyar tiyata da kemo da rediyo ke bi.

Nau'oi da digiri na Glioma

Gliomas za a iya rarraba shi bisa ga ƙwayoyin da ke ciki da wurin:

• Astrocytomas, wanda ya samo asali daga astrocytes, waɗanda sune glial cell da ke da alhakin siginar sigina, abinci mai gina jiki da kuma kulawar gida na tsarin neuronal;
• Epidendiomas, wanda ya samo asali a cikin kwayoyin halittar, wadanda ke da alhakin sanya layukan da aka samo a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma barin motsi na ruwa mai kwakwalwa, CSF;
• Oligodendrogliomas, wanda ya samo asali a cikin oligodendrocytes, waɗanda sune ƙwayoyin da ke da alhakin samuwar ƙarancin myelin, wanda shine ƙwayar da ke layin ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin.

Kamar yadda astrocytes suke a cikin adadi da yawa a cikin tsarin juyayi, faruwar astrocytomas ya fi yawaita, tare da glioblastoma ko aji na huɗar astrocytoma mafi tsananin kuma na kowa, wanda zai iya kasancewa da girman girma da ƙarfin haɓakawa, wanda ke haifar da alamun alamun da yawa. na iya jefa rayuwar mutum cikin haɗari Fahimci menene glioblastoma.

Dangane da tsananin tashin hankali, ana iya rarraba glioma cikin:

• Darasi Na, wanda ya fi dacewa a cikin yara, kodayake ba safai ba ne, kuma ana iya warware shi ta hanyar tiyata, saboda yana da saurin ci gaba kuma ba shi da damar kutsawa;
• Darasi na II, wanda kuma yana da saurin ci gaba amma tuni ya sami damar kutsawa cikin ƙwayar kwakwalwa kuma, idan ba a gano asalin cutar a matakin farko na cutar ba, zai iya juyawa zuwa aji na uku ko na huɗu, wanda zai iya jefa rayuwar mutum cikin haɗari. A wannan yanayin, ban da aikin tiyata, ana ba da shawarar maganin sankara;
• Mataki na III, wanda ke dauke da saurin ci gaba kuma kwakwalwa na iya yada shi cikin sauki;
• Darasi na huɗu, wanda shine mafi tsananin tashin hankali, tunda banda yawan kwafi yana yaduwa da sauri, yana jefa rayuwar mutum cikin hadari.

Bugu da kari, ana iya sanya gliomas a matsayin rashin saurin ci gaba, kamar yadda lamarin yake a matakin I da II glioma, da kuma yawan ci gaba, kamar yadda yake a matakin na III da na IV, wadanda suka fi tsanani saboda gaskiyar cewa kwayoyin tumo suna iya yin kwazo da sauri kuma suna kutsawa cikin wasu shafuka na kyallen kwakwalwa, suna kara lalata rayuwar mutum.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamomin da alamomin cutar glioma yawanci ana gano su ne kawai lokacin da kumburin yake damke wasu jijiya ko laka, kuma suma zasu iya bambanta gwargwadon girma, siffa da kuma saurin girma na glioma, manyan sune:

• Ciwon kai;
• Raɗaɗɗu;
• Tashin zuciya ko amai;
• Matsalar kiyaye daidaito;
• Rikicewar hankali;
• Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya:
• Canje-canje na hali;
• Rauni a gefe ɗaya na jiki;
• Matsalar magana.

Dangane da ƙididdigar waɗannan alamun, babban likita ko likitan jiji na iya nuna aikin gwaje-gwajen hotunan don a iya gano asalin, kamar ƙirar ƙirar ƙira da ɗaukar hoton magnetic, misali. Daga sakamakon da aka samu, likita na iya gano wurin da kumburin yake da kuma girmansa, yana iya ayyana matsayin glioma kuma, don haka, ya nuna magani mafi dacewa.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin glioma ana yin shi ne gwargwadon halayen kumburi, daraja, nau'in, shekaru da alamu da alamomin da mutum ya gabatar. Maganin da ya fi dacewa ga glioma shi ne tiyata, wanda ke nufin cire kumburin, yana mai da muhimmanci a buɗe kwanyar don neurosurgeon ya sami damar shiga cikin ƙwaƙwalwar, wanda ke sa aikin ya fi kyau. Wannan aikin yana yawanci tare da hotunan da aka bayar ta hanyar maganaɗisu da maganadisu don likita ya gano ainihin wurin da za a cire kumburin.

Bayan an cire glioma din na tiyata, yawanci ana yiwa mutum magani ne na chemo ko kuma radiotherapy, musamman idan ya zo aji biyu, III da IV gliomas, tunda suna cikin shigar ciki kuma ana iya yada su cikin sauki zuwa wasu sassan kwakwalwa, yana kara dagula lamarin. Don haka, da chemo da radiotherapy, yana yiwuwa a kawar da ƙwayoyin tumo wanda ba a cire su ta hanyar tiyata ba, hana yaduwar waɗannan ƙwayoyin da komowar cutar.