Yadda za a hana cutar tabin hankali: Shin Zai Iya Yiwuwa?

Wadatacce

• Menene rashin hankali?
• Za a iya hana cutar dementia?
• Motsa jiki
• Ci sosai
• Kar a sha taba
• Yi sauƙi a kan barasa
• Kiyaye zuciyarka tayi aiki
• Sarrafa ƙoshin lafiya
• Menene dalilai masu haɗari na gama gari don lalata?
• Menene alamun rashin hankali?
• Yaya ake bincikar cutar rashin hankali?
• Yaya ake kula da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa?
• Menene hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa?
• Layin kasa

Memorywaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kaɗan ba bakon abu bane yayin da kuka tsufa, amma rashin hankali ya fi haka yawa. Ba al'ada ba ce ta tsufa.

Akwai wasu abubuwa da zaku iya yi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hauka, ko kuma aƙalla ku rage ta. Amma saboda wasu dalilai ba sa cikin ikon ku, ba za ku iya hana shi gaba ɗaya ba.

Bari muyi kusa sosai kan wasu dalilan da ke haifar da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa da abin da za ku iya yi a yanzu don fara rage haɗarinku.

Menene rashin hankali?

Rashin hankali kalma ce ta bargo don ci gaba, rashin ci gaban aikin tunani. Ba cuta ba ne, amma ƙungiyar alamun cututtuka tare da dalilai daban-daban. Akwai manyan rukuni guda biyu don cutar ƙwaƙwalwa, Alzheimer da waɗanda ba Alzheimer ba.

Cutar Alzheimer ita ce mafi yawan dalilin rashin hankali. Rashin hankali na cutar Alzheimer ya shafi ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, tare da lalata wasu ayyuka na kwakwalwa kamar:

• harshe
• magana
• fahimta

Rashin hankali na rashin Alzheimer yana da alaƙa da lalacewar lobar gaba, tare da manyan nau'ikan biyu. Nau'i daya galibi yana shafar magana. Sauran nau'in ya haɗa da:

• canje-canje na hali
• canjin mutum
• rashin tausayawa
• asarar tacewar jama'a
• rashin kulawa
• matsala tare da tsari da tsarawa

A cikin wannan rashin cutar Alzheimer, rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya yana bayyana daga baya a ci gaban cuta. Dalili na biyu da ya fi yaduwa shi ne lalatawar jijiyoyin jini. Wasu cututtukan da ba na Alzheimer ba sune:

• Lawancin Lewy
• Cutar Parkinson
• Cutar Pick

Mixed dementia shine lokacin da akwai dalilai masu yawa. Misali, mutumin da ke da cutar Alzheimer wanda shi ma yana da cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ya haɗu da rashin hankali.

Za a iya hana cutar dementia?

Wasu nau'ikan tabin hankali suna faruwa ne saboda abubuwan da suka fi ƙarfinku. Amma akwai wasu abubuwan da zaka iya yi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hauka da kiyaye lafiyar jiki gaba ɗaya.

Motsa jiki

Motsa jiki a kai a kai na iya taimakawa wajen rage barazanar kamuwa da cutar mantuwa. A ya nuna cewa motsa jiki na motsa jiki na iya jinkirta atrophy a cikin hippocampus, ɓangaren ƙwaƙwalwar da ke sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwa.

Wani binciken na 2019 ya nuna cewa tsofaffi masu aiki suna riƙe da ƙwarewar fahimta fiye da waɗanda ba su da ƙarfi. Wannan lamarin har ma ga mahalarta waɗanda ke da raunin ƙwaƙwalwa ko masu nazarin halittu masu alaƙa da lalata.

Motsa jiki na yau da kullun yana da kyau don kula da nauyi, zagayawa, lafiyar zuciya, da yanayi, duk waɗannan na iya shafar haɗarin rashin lafiyar ku.

Idan kana da mummunan yanayin lafiya, yi magana da likitanka kafin fara sabon tsarin motsa jiki. Kuma idan baku motsa jiki ba cikin ɗan lokaci, fara ƙanana, watakila kawai mintuna 15 a rana. Zaɓi motsa jiki mai sauƙi kuma haɓaka daga can. Yi aiki har zuwa:

• Mintuna 150 a mako na matsakaiciyar motsa jiki, kamar tafiya mai saurin tafiya, ko
• Mintuna 75 a sati mai tsananin aiki, kamar su jogging

Sau biyu a mako, ƙara wasu ayyukan juriya don aiki da tsokoki, kamar turawa, tada zaune tsaye, ko ɗaga nauyi.

Wasu wasanni, kamar wasan tanis, na iya ba da horo na juriya da motsa jiki a lokaci guda. Nemi wani abu da kuke jin daɗi ku more shi.

Yi ƙoƙari kada ku ɓata lokaci da yawa a zaune ko kwance da rana. Sanya motsi fifiko a kowace rana.

Ci sosai

Abincin da ke da kyau ga zuciya yana da kyau ga ƙwaƙwalwa da lafiyar jiki gaba ɗaya. Abincin mai lafiya na iya rage haɗarin yanayin da zai haifar da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa. A cewar, daidaitaccen abinci ya kunshi:

• 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari
• wake da wake
• hatsi, tubers, ko kuma saiwoyi
• qwai, madara, kifi, nama mara kyau

Abubuwan da yakamata a guje ko kiyayewa zuwa mafi ƙarancin sune:

• kitsen mai
• kitsen dabbobi
• sugars
• gishiri

Abincin ku ya kamata ya kasance kusa da wadataccen mai gina jiki, cikakkiyar abinci. Guji kalori mai yawa, kayan abinci da aka sarrafa waɗanda ba su da ƙimar abincin gina jiki.

Kar a sha taba

ya nuna cewa shan taba na iya kara barazanar kamuwa da cutar mantuwa, musamman idan ka kai shekara 65 ko fiye. Shan sigari yana shafar zagawar jini ko'ina cikin jikinka, gami da jijiyoyin jini a cikin kwakwalwarka.

Idan kun sha taba, amma yana da wuya ku daina, yi magana da likitanku game da shirye-shiryen dakatar da shan sigari.

Yi sauƙi a kan barasa

ya nuna cewa yawan shan giya na iya zama babban haɗarin haɗari ga kowane nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, gami da farkon ɓacin rai. A halin yanzu yana ayyana matsakaiciyar sha har zuwa abin sha ɗaya kowace rana ga mata kuma zuwa biyu ga maza.

Abin sha ɗaya daidai yake da .6 ogin na tsarkakakken giya. Wannan yana fassara zuwa:

• 12 ores na giya tare da kashi 5 cikin dari na giya
• 5 oces na giya tare da kashi 12 cikin dari na giya
• 1.5 ogin na hujja 80 tabbataccen ruhohi tare da kashi 40 na giya

Kiyaye zuciyarka tayi aiki

Mai hankali zai iya taimakawa wajen rage haɗarin cutar ƙwaƙwalwa, don haka ci gaba da ƙalubalantar kanku. Wasu misalai zasu kasance:

• karanta sabon abu, kamar sabon yare
• yi wasanin gwada ilimi da wasa
• karanta litattafan kalubale
• koyon karanta kiɗa, ɗaukar kayan aiki, ko fara rubutu
• Kasance tare da jama'a: ci gaba da kasancewa tare da wasu ko shiga ayyukan rukuni
• mai sa kai

Sarrafa ƙoshin lafiya

Kasancewa cikin kyakkyawan yanayi na iya taimakawa ƙananan haɗarin cutar ƙwaƙwalwa, don haka samun lafiyar jiki kowace shekara. Duba likita idan kana da alamun bayyanar:

• damuwa
• rashin jin magana
• matsalolin bacci

Sarrafa yanayin lafiyar data kasance kamar:

• ciwon sukari
• ciwon zuciya
• hawan jini
• babban cholesterol

Menene dalilai masu haɗari na gama gari don lalata?

Hadarin kamuwa da cutar mantuwa na tashi ne da shekaru. Game da mutanen da suka wuce shekaru 60 suna da wani nau'i na rashin hankali, in ji WHO.

Yanayin da ka iya kara hadarin kamuwa da cutar mantuwa sun hada da:

• atherosclerosis
• damuwa
• ciwon sukari
• Ciwon rashin lafiya
• rashin jin magana
• HIV
• Cutar Huntington
• hydrocephalus
• Cutar Parkinson
• karamin-shanyewar jiki, cututtukan jijiyoyin jini

Abubuwan bayar da gudummawa na iya haɗawa da:

• amfani da giya na dogon lokaci ko amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi
• kiba
• rashin cin abinci mara kyau
• maimaita bugawa a kai
• salon zama
• shan taba

Menene alamun rashin hankali?

Rashin hankali rukuni ne na alamun cutar da suka shafi ƙwaƙwalwa, tunani, tunani, yanayi, halaye, da halayya. Wasu alamun farko sune:

• mantuwa
• maimaita abubuwa
• misplacing abubuwa
• rikicewa game da kwanan wata da lokuta
• matsala gano kalmomin da suka dace
• canje-canje a yanayi ko halayya
• canje-canje a cikin bukatu

Alamomin baya zasu iya haɗawa da:

• matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• matsala ci gaba da tattaunawa
• matsala kammala ayyuka masu sauƙi kamar biyan kuɗi ko yin waya
• rashin kula da tsabtar mutum
• rashin daidaito, faduwa
• rashin iya warware matsala
• canje-canje a cikin yanayin bacci
• damuwa, tashin hankali, rikicewa, rikicewa
• damuwa, baƙin ciki, damuwa
• mafarki

Yaya ake bincikar cutar rashin hankali?

Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya koyaushe yana nufin rashin hankali.Abinda da farko yake kama da rashin hankali zai iya zama alama ce ta wani yanayi mai saurin magancewa, kamar su:

• rashin bitamin
• magani sakamako masu illa
• aikin aikin thyroid
• al'ada matsa lamba hydrocephalus

Gano cutar rashin hankali da sanadin ta yana da wahala. Babu wani gwaji guda daya da zai tantance shi. Wasu nau'ikan cutar ƙwaƙwalwa ba za a iya tabbatar da su ba sai bayan mutuwa.

Idan kana da alamomi da alamu na rashin hankali, mai yiwuwa likitanka zai fara da tarihin lafiyar ka, gami da:

• tarihin iyali na rashin hankali
• takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka da lokacin da suka fara
• sauran yanayin da aka gano
• magunguna

Gwajin ku na jiki zai iya haɗawa da dubawa:

• hawan jini
• hormone, bitamin, da sauran gwajin jini
• abubuwan tunani
• daidaita kimantawa
• azanci shine martani

Dogaro da sakamako, likitanka na farko na iya tura ka zuwa likitan jiji don ƙarin kimantawa. Ana iya amfani da gwaje-gwajen bincike da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don tantancewa:

• ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• warware matsala
• ilimin harshe
• ilimin lissafi

Hakanan likitan ku na iya yin oda:

• gwajin kwakwalwa
• kwayoyin gwajin
• kimiyar tabin hankali

Raguwa cikin aikin tunani wanda ke tsangwama ga ayyukan yau da kullun ana iya bincikar sa azaman rashin hankali. Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da hoton kwakwalwa na iya taimakawa ware ko tabbatar da wasu cututtuka a matsayin dalilin.

Idan ku, ko wani da kuke kulawa da shi yana da tabin hankali, ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa na iya taimaka ko tura ku zuwa sabis.

• Zheungiyar Alzheimer: Kyauta, layin taimako na sirri: 800-272-3900
• Lewy Body Dementia Association: Lewy Layi don iyalai da masu kulawa: 800-539-9767
• Kawancen Kasa don Kulawa
• Sashen Kula da Tsoffin Sojoji na Amurka

Yaya ake kula da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa?

Magunguna don cutar Alzheimer sun haɗa da:

• cholinesterase masu hanawa: donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), da galantamine (Razadyne)
• Mai karɓar mai karɓa na NMDA: memantine (Namenda)

Wadannan kwayoyi na iya taimakawa inganta aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Suna iya jinkirta ci gaban cutar Alzheimer, amma ba su dakatar da shi ba. Wadannan kwayoyi kuma za a iya tsara su don sauran cututtukan zuciya, irin su cutar Parkinson, cutar rashin lafiyar jiki ta Lewy, da kuma lalatawar jijiyoyin jini.

Hakanan likitan ku na iya tsara magunguna don wasu alamun, kamar su:

• damuwa
• damun bacci
• mafarki
• tashin hankali

Maganin sana'a na iya taimakawa tare da abubuwa kamar:

• hanyoyin magancewa
• halayyar aminci
• kula da halaye
• keta ayyuka cikin matakai mafi sauki

Menene hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke da cutar ƙwaƙwalwa?

Wasu nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa za a iya magance su yadda ya kamata kuma a juya su, musamman waɗanda ke haifar da:

• Rashin B-12 da sauran rikicewar rayuwa
• haɓaka ruwa mai larurar kwakwalwa a cikin kwakwalwa (matsin lamba na al'ada hydrocephalus)
• damuwa
• amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ko barasa
• hypoglycemia
• hypothyroidism
• ƙananan hematoma bayan raunin rauni a kai
• kumburi wanda za'a iya cirewa ta hanyar tiyata

Yawancin nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa ba za a iya juyawa ko warkewa ba, amma har yanzu ana iya magance su. Wadannan sun hada da wadanda suka haifar da:

• Hadaddiyar cutar AIDS
• Alzheimer ta cuta
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta
• Cutar Parkinson
• jijiyoyin bugun jini

Hasashen ku ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, kamar:

• dalilin rashin hankali
• martani ga magani
• shekaru da cikakkiyar lafiya

Likitanku na iya taimaka muku ƙarin fahimta game da ra'ayinku.

Layin kasa

Rashin hankali rukuni ne na alamun cutar da ke shafar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sauran ayyukan fahimi. Babban abin da ke haifar da tabin hankali shi ne cutar Alzheimer, sannan kuma cutar mantuwa ta biyo baya.

Wasu nau'ikan tabin hankali suna faruwa ne saboda abubuwan da baza ku iya canzawa ba. Amma zaɓin rayuwa wanda ya haɗa da motsa jiki na yau da kullun, daidaitaccen abinci, da haɗin kai na tunani zai iya taimaka rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hauka.