Menene Hypokinesia kuma Yaya yake Shafar Jiki?

Wadatacce

• Menene alamun?
• Alamun mota
• Alamun marasa motsi
• Waɗanne yanayi ke haifar da hypokinesia?
• Waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani suke samuwa?
• Shin hypokinesia zai iya haifar da wani rikici na motsi?
• Menene hangen nesa?

Menene hypokinesia?

Hypokinesia wani nau'in cuta ne na motsi. Musamman yana nufin cewa motsinku yana da “raguwar faɗuwa” ko kuma bai kai girman yadda kuke tsammanin su kasance ba.

Hypokinesia yana da alaƙa da akinesia, wanda ke nufin rashin motsi, da kuma bradykinesia, wanda ke nufin jinkirin motsi. Wadannan kalmomin guda uku galibi ana haɗasu wuri ɗaya kuma ana magana dasu ƙarƙashin kalmar bradykinesia. Wadannan rikicewar motsi sau da yawa ana daidaita su da cutar Parkinson.

Hypokinesia shine gefen juyawar kalmar hyperkinesia. Hypokinesia na faruwa yayin da kake da ƙarancin motsi, kuma hyperkinesia na faruwa ne lokacin da kake da motsi da yawa.

Menene alamun?

Hypokinesia galibi ana ganinsa tare da akinesia da bradykinesia. Tare da matsalar sarrafawar mota, wannan haɗin matsalolin na iya zuwa tare da alamun rashin motsi na daban. Wadannan haɗin alamun suna yawanci haɗuwa da cutar ta Parkinson.

Alamun mota

Motsa jiki na yau da kullun na iya bayyana a sassa daban-daban na jikinku ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

Wasu damar sun hada da:

• rashin bayyana fuska a fuskarka (hypomimia)
• rage ƙiftawa
• blank kallo a idanunku
• laushi mai taushi (hypophonia) tare da asarar kumburi (maganin jini)
• narkewa saboda ka daina haɗiyewa kai tsaye
• a hankali kafada kafada da ɗaga hannu
• girgiza (girgiza)
• rubutun hannu, ƙaramin rubutu (micrographia)
• rage saurin lilo yayin tafiya
• a hankali, ƙananan motsi lokacin buɗewa da rufe hannayenku ko taɓa yatsunku
• rashin laulayi na aski, goge hakora, ko sanya kayan kwalliya
• a hankali, ƙananan motsi lokacin taka ƙafafunku ko taɓa ƙafafunku
• Matsayin-gaba
• a hankali, shuffling gait
• wahalar farawa ko daskarewa yayin motsi
• wahalar tashi daga kujera, fita daga motarka, da juyi a gado

Alamun marasa motsi

Alamun tabin hankali da na zahiri ba musamman da hypokinesia ke haddasawa galibi suna zuwa hannu-da hannu tare da hypokinesia da cutar Parkinson.

Wadannan sun hada da:

• asarar iya aiki da yawa da hankali
• jinkirin tunani
• farawa na rashin hankali
• damuwa
• damuwa
• hauka ko wasu yanayin tabin hankali
• damun bacci
• gajiya
• saukar karfin jini lokacin tsayawa
• maƙarƙashiya
• zafi mara bayani
• asarar wari
• rashin karfin erectile
• suma ko jin “fil da allurai”

Waɗanne yanayi ke haifar da hypokinesia?

Hypokinesia mafi yawancin lokuta ana ganin shi a cikin cututtukan Parkinson ko cututtukan Parkinson-like syndromes. Amma kuma yana iya zama alama ta sauran yanayi:

Schizophrenia da sauran sharuɗɗan fahimi sau da yawa suna zuwa tare da matsalolin aikin motsa jiki kamar hypokinesia. Wadannan rikicewar motsi na iya faruwa saboda bangarori daban-daban na kwakwalwa basa “magana” da juna daidai.

Rashin hankali tare da gawarwakin Lewy wani nau'i ne na rashin hankali. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da hangen nesa na gani, matsalolin tunani, rikicewar motsi kamar hypokinesia, faɗuwa da yawa, suma, ruɗu, rikicewar bacci, da damuwa.

Mahara tsarin atrophy rukuni ne na rikice-rikicen tsarin da ke haifar da hypokinesia, rashin daidaituwa, sauye-sauyen magana, tauri, rauni, raunin kafa, matsalolin fitsari, da jiri yayin tashi tsaye.

Ci gaba mai cike da nakasa cuta ne tare da alamun motsa jiki irin na Parkinson. Alamar yanayin ita ce rashin iya motsa idanunku sama da ƙasa; haka nan kuma kana iya samun matsala ta bude idanun idonka a bude. Kuna iya samun matsala ta magana da haɗiye, kuma kuna iya tunani a hankali.

Buguwa a cikin hypokinesia ko wata cuta ta motsi. Idan hakan ta faru, hypokinesia mai fama da cutar bugun jini yana samun sauki bayan watanni 6 zuwa 12.

Rushewar basal ganglionic cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cutar Parkinson. Wataƙila kuna da taurin kai a ɗaya gefen jikinku, raunin tsoka mai raɗaɗi, da matsalolin magana. Wani lokaci hannunka ko ƙafarka za su motsa ba tare da ka “gaya” hakan ba.

Waɗanne zaɓuɓɓukan magani suke samuwa?

Kuna da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwar ku idan kuna da hypokinesia ko wata cuta ta motsi da ke da alaƙa da cutar ta Parkinson. Tsarin kulawa na yau da kullun na iya haɗawa da magani, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa mai zurfi, da kuma maganin jiki.

Koyaya, babu wani magani ko magani da ake samu a wannan lokacin wanda zai iya jinkirta ko dakatar da ci gaban cutar.

Yawancin magunguna don magance alamun motsa jiki na Parkinson yana ƙaruwa matakan dopamine a cikin kwakwalwar ku. Sauran nau'ikan magunguna da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ana amfani dasu don magance cututtukan marasa motsi.

Zaɓuɓɓukan gama gari sun haɗa da:

Levodopa an canza shi zuwa dopamine a cikin kwakwalwar ku kuma shine mafi inganci magani ga hypokinesia dangane da cutar Parkinson. Yawanci ana haɗa shi da carbidopa (Lodosyn), wanda magani ne wanda yake hana ɓarkewar levodopa a cikin jiki don haka yafi isa ga kwakwalwa.

Dopamine agonists wasu nau'ikan magani ne wanda ke ƙara matakan dopamine. Ana iya haɗa su tare da levodopa. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da bromocriptine (Parlodel), pergolide (Permax), pramipexole (Mirapex), da ropinirole (Requip).

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) -B masu hanawa jinkirta lalacewar dopamine a cikin kwakwalwa. Sun ba da damar kwayar halittar dake jikin mutum tayi aiki mai tsayi. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da selegiline (Eldepryl) da rasagiline (Azilect).

Masu hana Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) jinkirta lalacewar levodopa a cikin jiki, yana barin ƙarin levodopa don isa cikin kwakwalwa. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da entacapone (Comtan) da tolcapone (Tasmar).

Magungunan Anticholinergic rage sinadarin acetylcholine na kwakwalwa da taimakawa dawo da daidaito tsakanin acetylcholine da dopamine. Wadannan magunguna sun hada da trihexyphenidyl (Artane) da benztropine (Cogentin).

Amantadine (Symmetrel) yana aiki ne ta hanyoyi biyu. Yana kara yawan kwayar dopamine a kwakwalwarka. Hakanan yana shafar tsarin glutamate a cikin kwakwalwarka, yana rage motsin jiki wanda ba'a sarrafa shi.

Brainwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (DBS) shine zaɓi na tiyata idan sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali basa aiki da kyau a gare ku. Yana aiki mafi kyau don rage taurin, jinkiri, da rawar jiki.

Ku da likitanku za ku iya shawo kan duk wasu alamu marasa motsi da kuke da su, kamar matsalolin fahimi, gajiya, ko matsalolin bacci. Tare zaku iya fito da tsarin magani wanda ya hada da magunguna da sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali don sauƙaƙe waɗancan alamun.

Hakanan likitan ku na iya bayar da shawarar maganin jiki, maganin sana’a, amfani da na’urar taimako, ko kuma nasiha.

Shin hypokinesia zai iya haifar da wani rikici na motsi?

Ana ganin nau'ikan kalubalen motsi da yawa tare da kananan motsi na hypokinesia. Waɗannan samfuran motocin da ba a saba gani ba sau da yawa ana samun su a cikin wani da ke da cutar Parkinson ko ɗayan cututtukan Parkinson.

Misalan sun hada da:

Akinesia: Idan kana da akinesia, zaka sami matsala tare da ko rashin iya fara motsi. Musclearfin tsoka yakan fara a kafafu da wuya. Idan akinesia ya shafi tsokoki na fuskarka, ƙila za ku iya haɓaka kallo kamar abin rufe fuska.

Bradykinesia: Idan kana da bradykinesia, motsin ka zai zama a hankali. Bayan lokaci, kuna iya fara “daskarewa” a tsakiyar motsi kuma yana iya ɗaukar ku youan daƙiƙo kaɗan don sake tafiya.

Dysarthria: Idan kana da dysarthria, tsokoki da kake amfani dasu don magana zasuyi rauni ko zaka sha wahala wajen sarrafa su. Jawabinku na iya zama mara nauyi ko sannu a hankali kuma wasu na iya iske shi da wuya su fahimce ku.

Dyskinesia: Idan kuna da cutar dyskinesia, zaku sami motsi mara izini. Yana iya shafar sashin jiki ɗaya - kamar hannunka, ƙafarka, ko kai - ko kuma yana iya shafar tsokoki a cikin jikinka duka. Dyskinesia na iya zama kamar fidgeting, wriggling, swaying, or head bobbing.

Dystonia: Idan kuna da dystonia, zaku sami raɗaɗi, doguwar karkatarwar jijiyoyi wanda ke haifar da jujjuyawar juji da yanayin jikin mutum. Alamomin cutar galibi suna farawa ne a wani yanki na jiki amma suna iya yaduwa zuwa wasu yankuna.

Rigidity: Idan kana da taurin kai, ɗaya ko fiye na gaɓoɓinka ko wasu ɓangarorin jikinka za su kasance masu ƙarfi sosai. Wani fasali ne guda daya na cutar Parkinson.

Rashin kwanciyar hankali: Idan kuna da rashin kwanciyar hankali, zaku sami matsala tare da daidaito da daidaito. Wannan na iya sanya ka rashin nutsuwa lokacin da kake tsaye ko tafiya.

Menene hangen nesa?

Babu magani don hypokinesia. Parkinson’s shima ci gaba ne mai ci gaba, ma’ana zai yi muni a kan lokaci. Amma ba za ku iya hango ko wane irin alamun cutar za ku samu ba ko kuma yaushe za ku same su. Yawancin alamun za a iya sauƙaƙe ta magunguna da sauran hanyoyin kwantar da hankali.

Kwarewar kowane mutum tare da hypokinesia da cutar Parkinson daban. Likitanka shine mafi kyawun abinku don bayani game da hangen nesanku.