Rashin ƙarancin mitral: menene menene, digiri, alamu da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Digiri na sake farfadowa na mitral
• 1. Sauƙaƙe mitral regurgitation
• 2. Matsakaicin matsakaici regurgitation
• 3. Mai tsanani mitral regurgitation
• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Bin likita
• 2. Amfani da magunguna
• 3. Yin aikin tiyata a zuciya
• Kula yayin jiyya

Rashin ƙarancin mitral, wanda kuma ake kira mitral regurgitation, yana faruwa idan akwai lahani a cikin bawul ɗin mitral, wanda shine tsarin zuciya wanda ke raba atrium na hagu daga hagu. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, mitral bawul baya rufewa gabadaya, yana haifar da ƙaramin jini ya koma huhu maimakon barin zuciya ta shayar da jiki.

Mutane da ke fama da karancin mitral yawanci suna fuskantar alamomin kamar ƙarancin numfashi bayan yin ƙokarin haske, yawan tari da yawan gajiya.

Rarrabawa ya fi lalacewa fiye da lalacewar mitral bawul, wanda yawanci yakan rasa ƙarfi tare da shekaru, ko kuma bayan haɓakar ƙwayar cuta, misali. Koyaya, ƙarancin mitral na iya zama matsalar haihuwa. Ko ta yaya, ƙarancin mitral yana buƙatar kula da likitan zuciya wanda zai iya ba da shawarar magani ko tiyata.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan mitral na iya daukar shekaru kafin su bayyana, tunda wannan canjin na faruwa ne sannu a hankali, kuma saboda haka ya fi yawa ga mutanen da ke da karancin shekaru. Babban alamun bayyanar cututtuka na mitral regurgitation sune:

• Ofarancin numfashi, musamman lokacin yin ƙoƙari ko lokacin da za ku yi barci;
• Gajiya mai yawa;
• Tari, musamman da dare;
• Palpitations da tsere zuciya;
• Kumburi a ƙafa da idon sawun.

A gaban waɗannan alamun, ya kamata a tuntuɓi likitan zuciyar don a iya gano asalin cutar kuma a fara farawa mafi dacewa.

Ganewar rashin isasshen mitral ana yin ta ne bisa ga alamun cutar, na asibiti da tarihin dangi game da matsalolin zuciya kuma ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje kamar neman zuciya tare da stethoscope don tantance kowane irin kara ko hayaniya yayin bugun zuciya, electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, x-ray, lissafta tomography ko hoton maganadisu; da gwajin motsa jiki don tantance aikin zuciyar.

Wani nau'in binciken da likitan zuciyar zai iya nema shine catheterization, wanda zai baka damar duba zuciya daga ciki da tantance lalacewar bawul din zuciya. Gano yadda ake yiwa zuciya aiki.

Digiri na sake farfadowa na mitral

Za'a iya rarraba ƙarancin mitral a cikin wasu digiri gwargwadon tsananin alamun alamun da dalilin, manyan su sune:

1. Sauƙaƙe mitral regurgitation

Diswararren mitral regurgitation, wanda ake kira matsakaiciyar tsaka-tsakin yanayi, baya samar da alamomin, ba mai tsanani bane kuma baya buƙatar magani, ana gano shi ne kawai yayin bincike na yau da kullun lokacin da likita ya ji wani sauti daban yayin aiwatar da zuciya tare da stethoscope.

2. Matsakaicin matsakaici regurgitation

Irin wannan rashin isasshen mitral yana haifar da alamomin da ba su da mahimmanci wadanda ba su da nauyi, kamar su gajiya, misali, kuma ba a bukatar magani nan da nan. A irin waɗannan halaye, likita kawai yana sauraron zuciyar mutum kuma yana tsara gwaje-gwaje a kowane watanni 6 zuwa 12, kamar su echocardiography ko kirji X-ray don kallon mitral bawul din kuma duba idan mitral regurgitation ya taɓarɓare.

3. Mai tsanani mitral regurgitation

Matsanancin tsauraran mitral regurgitation yana haifar da alamun rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, tari da kumburin ƙafa da ƙafafun, kuma yawanci likita yana ba da shawarar yin amfani da magani ko yin tiyata don gyara ko sauya bawul din dangane da shekarun mutum.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa

Rashin ƙarancin mitral na iya faruwa sosai saboda ɓarkewar ƙwayar jijiyar zuciya da ke haifar da mummunan cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan endocarditis ko sakamakon illa na rediyo ko magunguna, kamar fenfluramine ko ergotamine, misali. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana iya ba da shawarar yin tiyata don gyara ko sauya bawul din.

Sauran cututtukan na iya canza aikin bawul na mitral kuma ya haifar da daƙilewar rikice-rikice, kamar cututtukan rheumatic, prolapse na mitral prolapse, ƙididdigar mitral bawul din kanta ko rashi na rashin haihuwa, misali. Wannan nau'in gazawar yana ci gaba kuma ya kamata a bi shi da magani ko tiyata.

Bugu da kari, gyaran kwayoyin mitral na iya faruwa sakamakon tsufa, haka kuma akwai mafi hadari na tasowa idan aka sami tarihin iyali na cutar.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Maganin rashin ƙarancin mitral ya bambanta gwargwadon tsananin cutar, alamomin ko kuma idan cutar ta taɓarɓare, da nufin inganta aikin zuciya, rage alamomi da alamomi da guje wa rikitarwa na gaba.

1. Bin likita

Arami ko sauƙaƙan maɓallin keɓaɓɓu na iya buƙatar magani, ana ba da shawarar bin likita na yau da kullun kuma yawan zai dogara ne da tsananin cutar. A irin waɗannan halaye, likita na iya bayar da shawarar canje-canje na rayuwa mai kyau kamar daidaitaccen abinci da yin ayyukan motsa jiki na haske kamar tafiya, misali.

2. Amfani da magunguna

A cikin yanayin da mutum ke da alamomi ko rashin ƙarfin mitral mai tsanani ne ko na ƙarshe, alal misali, likita na iya nuna amfani da wasu magunguna kamar:

• Diuretics: wadannan magunguna suna taimakawa wajen rage kumburi da tara ruwa a cikin huhu ko kafafu;
• Anticoagulants: an nuna su don taimakawa wajen hana samuwar daskarewar jini kuma ana iya amfani da shi a yanayin ɓacin rai;
• Magungunan antihypertensive: amfani da shi don sarrafa karfin jini, kamar yadda cutar hawan jini na iya kara ɓarkewar mitral.

Wadannan kwayoyi suna taimakawa wajen magance da kula da alamomin, amma ba sa magance abin da ke haifar da sake farfado da mitral.

3. Yin aikin tiyata a zuciya

Yin aikin tiyata na zuciya, wanda ake kira valvuloplasty, ana iya nuna shi ta likitan zuciya a cikin mafi munanan yanayi, don gyara ko sauya mitral bawul da kuma guje wa rikice-rikice irin su bugun zuciya, bugun jini ko bugun jini. Yi la'akari da yadda ake yin aikin tiyata na zuciya don gyaran fuska.

Kula yayin jiyya

Wasu matakan rayuwa suna da mahimmanci yayin magance mitral regurgitation kuma sun haɗa da:

• Yi likitan likita don kula da hawan jini;
• Kula da lafiya;
• Kada a sha taba;
• Guji abubuwan sha da maganin kafeyin;
• Yi motsa jiki na jiki wanda likita ya ba da shawara;
• Kasance da lafiyayyen abinci mai kyau.

Ga matan da ke da ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi kuma suke son yin juna biyu, ya kamata a gudanar da gwajin likita kafin su yi ciki don ganin idan bawul na zuciya ya jure wa juna biyu, yayin da ciki ke sa zuciya aiki sosai. Bugu da kari, yayin daukar ciki da bayan haihuwa, saka idanu akai-akai tare da likitan zuciya da likitan haihuwa ya kamata a yi.

Game da mutanen da suka kamu da cutar valvuloplasty, kuma suke buƙatar shan wasu magungunan haƙori, dole ne likita ya rubuta maganin rigakafi don hana kamuwa da cuta a cikin bawul din zuciya da ake kira Inocive endocarditis. Duba yadda ake maganin endocarditis na kwayan cuta.