Cholesterol: Shin Lebe ne?

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Aikin lipids a jikinka
• Popananan lipoproteins vs. high-density lipoproteins
• LDL cholesterol
• HDL cholesterol
• Amintattun abubuwa
• Auna matakan lipid
• Jiyya
• Nasihu don sarrafa cholesterol

Bayani

Wataƙila kun taɓa jin kalmomin nan “lipids” da “cholesterol” da aka yi amfani da su ta hanyar musayar juna kuma kun ɗauka cewa abu ɗaya suke nufi. Gaskiya ta fi rikitarwa fiye da haka.

Lipids kwayoyin halitta ne kamar-kitse wadanda ke zagayawa a cikin jini. Hakanan za'a iya samun su a cikin sel da nama cikin jikin ku.

Akwai nau'ikan kayan shafawa iri daban-daban, wanda cholesterol ya fi sananne.

Cholesterol a zahiri wani bangare ne na lipid, wani bangare kuma na gina jiki. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiran nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nauin cholesterol na lipoproteins.

Wani nau'in lipid shine triglyceride.

Aikin lipids a jikinka

Jikinka yana buƙatar wasu mayuka don zama cikin ƙoshin lafiya. Alal misali, cholesterol yana cikin dukkan ƙwayoyinku. Jikin ku yana yin cholesterol da yake buƙata, wanda hakan yana taimakawa jikin ku ya samar:

• wasu kwayoyin
• bitamin D
• enzymes wanda zai taimake ku narke abinci
• abubuwan da ake buƙata don aikin ƙoshin lafiya

Hakanan kuna samun cholesterol daga abincin dabbobi a cikin abincinku, kamar:

• ruwan kwai
• kiwo mai cikakken kitso
• jan nama
• naman alade

Matsakaicin matakan cholesterol a jikinku yana da kyau. Babban matakan lipids, yanayin da aka sani da hyperlipidemia, ko dyslipidemia, yana tayar da haɗarinku ga cututtukan zuciya.

Popananan lipoproteins vs. high-density lipoproteins

Wadannan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cholesterol guda biyu sune wadanda suke da kwayar halitta mai yawan gaske (LDL) da kuma wadanda suke da babbar kwayar ta (HDL).

LDL cholesterol

Ana daukar LDL a matsayin “mummunan” cholesterol saboda yana iya samar da duk wani abu mai ƙima da ake kira plaque a jijiyoyin ku.

Alamar rubutu tana sa jijiyoyinku su daɗa ƙarfi. Hakanan zai iya toshe jijiyoyin ku, ta samar da wuri kaɗan don jini ya zagaya. Ana kiran wannan tsari atherosclerosis. Wataƙila ka taɓa jin an ambace shi da "taurin jijiyoyin jini."

Hakanan alamomi na iya fashewa, zub da cholesterol da sauran mai da kayayyakin sharar cikin jini.

Dangane da fashewa, kwayoyin jini da ake kira platelets suna garzayawa zuwa wurin kuma suna yin daskararren jini don taimakawa wajen ƙunshe da baƙin abubuwa a yanzu a cikin magudanar jini.

Idan harbin jini ya isa sosai, zai iya toshe hanyoyin jini gaba daya. Lokacin da wannan ya faru a ɗaya daga cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, wanda ake kira jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, sakamakonsa shine bugun zuciya.

Lokacin da zubar jini ya toshe wata jijiya a cikin kwakwalwa ko jijiyoyin da ke daukar jini zuwa kwakwalwa, zai iya haifar da bugun jini.

HDL cholesterol

HDL an san shi da “mai kyau” cholesterol saboda babban aikin sa shine share LDL daga cikin jinin ku zuwa hanta.

Lokacin da LDL ya dawo cikin hanta, cholesterol yana karyewa kuma yana wucewa daga jiki. HDL tana wakiltar kusan 1/4 zuwa 1/3 na cholesterol a cikin jini.

Babban matakin LDL yana haɗuwa da haɗarin haɗarin zuciya da bugun jini. Matsayi mafi girma na HDL, a gefe guda, yana haɗuwa da ƙananan haɗarin cututtukan zuciya.

Amintattun abubuwa

Triglycerides suna taimakawa adana mai a cikin ƙwayoyinku wanda zaku iya amfani dasu don kuzari. Idan ka wuce gona da iri kuma baka motsa jiki ba, matakan triglyceride naka na iya tashi. Yawan shan barasa shima abu ne mai hadari na babban triglycerides.

Kamar LDL, matakan triglyceride masu girma suna da alaƙa da cututtukan zuciya. Wannan yana nufin suna iya haɓaka haɗarin bugun zuciya da shanyewar jiki.

Auna matakan lipid

Gwajin jini mai sauƙi na iya bayyana matakan HDL, LDL, da triglycerides. Ana auna sakamakon a cikin milligrams a kowane deciliter (mg / dL). Anan akwai ƙananan manufofi don matakan lipid:

Koyaya, maimakon mai da hankali kan takamaiman lambobi, likitanku na iya bayar da shawarar canje-canje iri-iri na rayuwa don taimakawa ƙananan haɗarinku ga cututtukan zuciya.

Hanyar gargajiya ta kirga LDL cholesterol ta ɗauki duka cholesterol ba tare da rage HDL cholesterol ba tare da triglycerides da aka raba ta 5.

Koyaya, masu bincike a Johns Hopkins sun gano cewa wannan hanyar ba daidai ba ce ga wasu mutane, yana haifar da matakan LDL sun bayyana ƙasa da yadda suke a zahiri, musamman ma lokacin da triglycerides ya wuce 150 mg / dL.

Tun daga wannan lokacin, masu bincike suka kirkiro wani hadadden tsari don wannan lissafin.

Yana da kyau a rinka duba matakan cholesterol a duk bayan 'yan shekaru, sai dai idan likitanka ya bada shawarar a kara yawan bincike.

Idan ka riga ka kamu da ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini, ana iya ba ka shawarar a rinka duba kwalastarka a shekara ko fiye da haka.

Shawarar guda ɗaya gaskiya ce idan kuna da dalilai masu haɗari na zuciya, kamar:

• hawan jini
• ciwon sukari
• tarihin shan taba
• tarihin iyali na cutar zuciya

Hakanan likitanku na iya so yin odar binciken kwalastara na yau da kullun idan kun fara kwanan nan magani don taimakawa rage ƙimar LDL ɗinku don ganin ko maganin na aiki.

Matakan LDL suna tashi yayin da mutane suka tsufa. Hakanan ba gaskiya bane ga matakan HDL. Yanayin zama na yau da kullun na iya haifar da ƙananan matakan HDL da LDL mafi girma da jimlar adadin yawan cholesterol.

Jiyya

Dyslipidemia babban haɗari ne na cututtukan zuciya, amma ga yawancin mutane, ana iya magance shi. Tare da cin abinci da canje-canje na rayuwa, mutanen da ke da matakan LDL masu yawa galibi suna buƙatar magani don taimakawa kiyaye matakan LDL cikin kewayon lafiya.

Statins suna daga cikin magungunan da akafi amfani dasu don taimakawa sarrafa cholesterol. Wadannan kwayoyi galibi ana basu haƙuri kuma suna da tasiri sosai.

Akwai nau'ikan statins da yawa akan kasuwa. Kowannensu yana aiki kaɗan kaɗan, amma duk an tsara su don saukar da matakan LDL a cikin jini.

Idan an ba ku umarni, amma kuna da sakamako masu illa irin su ciwon tsoka, gaya wa likitanku. Doseananan kashi ko wani nau'in statin na iya zama mai tasiri kuma ya rage duk wata illa.

Kila iya buƙatar amfani da statins ko wani maganin rage ƙwayar cholesterol don rayuwa. Bai kamata ku daina shan shan magani ba sai dai idan likitanku ya umurce ku da yin hakan, koda kuwa kun kai ga burin cholesterol.

Sauran magunguna waɗanda ke taimakawa ƙananan LDL da matakan triglyceride na iya haɗawa da:

• bile acid mai ɗaure acid
• masu hana yaduwar cholesterol
• hade mai hana yaduwar cholesterol da kuma statin
• fibrates
• niacin
• hade statin da niacin
• Masu hanawa na PCSK9

Tare da shan magani da kuma rayuwa mai kyau, yawancin mutane zasu iya samun nasarar sarrafa ƙwayoyin su.

Nasihu don sarrafa cholesterol

Baya ga statins ko wasu magungunan rage cholesterol, zaku iya inganta bayanan lipid ɗinku tare da wasu canje-canje na rayuwa masu zuwa:

• Ku ci abinci mara ƙarancin cholesterol da mai mai ƙanshi, kamar wanda ya haɗa da ɗan jan nama, nama mai mai, da kiwo mai mai-mai. Yi ƙoƙari ku ci mafi hatsi, kwayoyi, zare, da sabbin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Abincin mai wadatar zuci shima yana da karancin sukari da gishiri. Idan kana buƙatar taimako don haɓaka irin wannan abincin, likitanka na iya yin nuni zuwa ga likitan abincin.
• Motsa jiki sosai, idan ba duka ba, ranakun mako. Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka ta ba da shawarar aƙalla mintina 150 na motsa jiki mai ƙarfi, irin su tafiya mai sauri, kowane mako. Activityarin motsa jiki yana haɗuwa da ƙananan matakan LDL da matakan HDL mafi girma.
• Bi shawarwarin likitanku don aikin jini na yau da kullun kuma ku mai da hankali ga matakan lipid ɗin ku. Sakamakon binciken ka zai iya canzawa sosai daga shekara guda zuwa wani. Yin amfani da lafiyayyen abinci mai gina jiki tare da motsa jiki na yau da kullun, iyakance barasa, ba shan sigari ba, da shan magunguna kamar yadda aka tsara zasu iya taimaka inganta ƙwanƙwararka da triglycerides da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.