LDL: "Bad" Cholesterol

Wadatacce

• Takaitawa
• Menene cholesterol?
• Menene LDL da HDL?
• Ta yaya babban matakin LDL zai ɗaga haɗarin kamuwa da jijiyoyin jini da sauran cututtuka?
• Ta yaya zan san menene matakin LDL na?
• Menene zai iya shafar matakin LDL na?
• Menene matakin LDL na ya zama?
• Ta yaya zan iya rage matakin LDL na?

Takaitawa

Menene cholesterol?

Cholesterol wani abu ne mai kamar kakin zuma, mai kama da kitse wanda ake samu a dukkan kwayoyin halittar jikinka. Hantar ku tana yin cholesterol, kuma tana cikin wasu abinci, kamar su nama da kayayyakin kiwo. Jikinku yana buƙatar wasu cholesterol suyi aiki yadda yakamata. Amma yawan cholesterol a cikin jininka yana haifar da kasadar kamuwa da cututtukan jijiyoyin jini.

Menene LDL da HDL?

LDL da HDL iri biyu ne na lipoproteins. Suna haɗuwa da mai (lipid) da furotin. Abubuwan shafawa suna bukatar a haɗe su da sunadaran don su motsa ta cikin jini. LDL da HDL suna da dalilai daban-daban:

• LDL yana tsaye ne don ƙananan lipoproteins. Wani lokaci ana kiranta "mummunan" cholesterol saboda babban matakin LDL yana haifar da haɓakar cholesterol a cikin jijiyoyin ku.
• HDL tana nufin manyan lipoproteins. Wani lokacin ana kiran sa "mai kyau" cholesterol saboda yana ɗaukar cholesterol daga wasu sassan jikinku zuwa hanta. Hantar ku sai ta cire cholesterol daga jikin ku.

Ta yaya babban matakin LDL zai ɗaga haɗarin kamuwa da jijiyoyin jini da sauran cututtuka?

Idan kana da babban matakin LDL, wannan yana nufin cewa kana da LDL cholesterol da yawa a cikin jininka. Wannan ƙarin LDL ɗin, tare da wasu abubuwa, alamu ne. Alamar tana ɗauke a jijiyoyin ku; wannan yanayin ne da ake kira atherosclerosis.

Ciwon jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki na faruwa lokacin da abin al'aurar yake a cikin jijiyoyin zuciyarku. Yana sa jijiyoyin jiki su zama masu tauri da kuma taƙaitawa, wanda hakan ke rage gudu ko toshe hanyoyin jini zuwa zuciyarka. Tunda jininka yana dauke da iskar oxygen zuwa zuciyarka, wannan yana nufin cewa zuciyarka ba zata iya samun isashshiyar oxygen ba. Wannan na iya haifar da angina (ciwon kirji), ko kuma idan an toshe hanyoyin jini gaba ɗaya, bugun zuciya.

Ta yaya zan san menene matakin LDL na?

Gwajin jini na iya auna matakan cholesterol, gami da LDL. Yaushe kuma yaya yakamata ku sami wannan gwajin ya dogara da shekarunku, abubuwan haɗarin, da tarihin iyali. Babban shawarwarin sune:

Ga mutanen da ke da shekaru 19 ko ƙarami:

• Jarabawar farko ta kasance tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 11
• Yara su sake yin gwajin kowace shekara 5
• Wasu yara na iya samun wannan gwajin farawa daga shekaru 2 idan akwai tarihin iyali na cholesterol mai yawan jini, ciwon zuciya, ko bugun jini

Ga mutanen da ke da shekaru 20 ko sama da haka:

• Ya kamata yara manya suyi gwajin kowace shekara 5
• Maza masu shekaru daga 45 zuwa 65 kuma mata masu shekaru 55 zuwa 65 ya kamata su samu kowace shekara 1 zuwa 2

Menene zai iya shafar matakin LDL na?

Abubuwan da zasu iya shafar matakin LDL ɗinku sun haɗa da

• Abinci. Cikakken kitse da cholesterol a cikin abincin da kuke ci suna sanya matakin ƙwayar cholesterol na jini ya hauhawa
• Nauyi. Kasancewa da kiba yana ɗaga darajar LDL ɗinka, ka rage matakin HDL naka, kuma ka ƙara yawan matakin cholesterol
• Ayyukan Jiki. Rashin motsa jiki na iya haifar da ƙimar kiba, wanda zai ɗaga matakin LDL naka
• Shan taba. Shan sigari yana rage cholesterol na HDL ɗinka. Tunda HDL na taimakawa cire LDL daga jijiyoyin ku, idan kuna da ƙananan HDL, wannan na iya taimaka muku samun babban matakin LDL.
• Shekaru da Jima'i. Yayinda mata da maza ke tsufa, matakan cholesterol na tashi. Kafin shekarun yin haila, mata suna da ƙarancin matakan cholesterol fiye da na maza masu irin wannan shekarun. Bayan shekarun haila, matakan LDL na mata sukan tashi.
• Halittar jini. Yourwayoyin ku suna ƙayyade yawan cholesterol da jikinku yake yi. Babban cholesterol na iya gudana cikin dangi. Misali, familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) wani yanki ne na gado na hawan jini.
• Magunguna. Wasu magunguna, gami da magungunan sitirin, wasu magungunan hawan jini, da magungunan HIV / AIDs, na iya haɓaka matakin LDL ɗin ku.
• Sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya. Cututtuka irin su cututtukan koda, ciwon suga, da HIV / AIDs na iya haifar da matakin LDL mafi girma.
• Tsere. Wasu jinsi na iya samun haɗarin haɗarin ƙwayar cholesterol na jini. Misali, Ba'amurke Ba'amurke yawanci yana da matakan HDL da LDL cholesterol fiye da fari.

Menene matakin LDL na ya zama?

Tare da LDL cholesterol, ƙananan lambobi sun fi kyau, saboda babban matakin LDL na iya haɓaka haɗarin ku don cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya da matsalolin da ke da alaƙa:

Ta yaya zan iya rage matakin LDL na?

Akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu don rage ƙwayar LDL ɗinka:

• Canje-canjen salon warkewa (TLC). TLC ya haɗa da sassa uku:
• Lafiya mai cin zuciya. Tsarin cin abinci mai cike da ƙoshin lafiya yana iyakance adadin wadataccen abinci mai ƙoshin abinci da kuke ci. Misalan tsarin cin abinci wanda zai iya rage yawan cholesterol ɗin ku ya haɗa da tsarin Canza Canjin Rayuwa da tsarin cin DASH.
• Gudanar da nauyi. Idan kayi kiba, rage nauyi zai iya taimaka wajan rage LDL cholesterol dinka.
• Ayyukan Jiki. Kowa ya sami motsa jiki na yau da kullun (minti 30 a galibi, idan ba duka ba, kwana).
• Maganin Magunguna. Idan salon rayuwa ya canza shi kadai baya rage yawan cholesterol dinka, zaka iya bukatar shan magunguna. Akwai nau'ikan magungunan rage yawan cholesterol da yawa, ciki har da statins. Magunguna suna aiki ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma suna iya samun sakamako daban daban. Yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya game da wanne ne ya dace maka. Yayinda kuke shan magunguna don rage cholesterol ɗin ku, yakamata ku ci gaba da canje-canje na rayuwa.

Wasu mutanen da ke da cutar hypercholesterolemia ta iyali (FH) na iya karɓar magani da ake kira lipoprotein apheresis. Wannan maganin yana amfani da injin tacewa don cire LDL cholesterol daga jini. Sannan inji zai mayar da sauran jinin ga mutum.

NIH: Zuciyar Kasa, Huhu, da Cibiyar Jini