Mene ne kwayar cutar Burkitt, alamomi kuma yaya magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Menene sababi
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Babban iri
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Shin kwayar kwayar cutar Burkitt tana iya warkewa?

Kirkin kwayar cutar Burkitt wani nau'in cutar kansa ne na tsarin kwayar halittar, wanda ya ke shafar kwayar halitta ta lymphocytes, wadanda sune kwayoyin jikin mutum. Wannan cutar ta daji na iya haɗuwa da kamuwa da cutar ta Epstein Barr virus (EBV), kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV), amma kuma yana iya tashi daga wasu canjin canjin halittar.

Gabaɗaya, wannan nau'in kwayar cutar ta lymphoma yana haɓaka sosai ga yara maza fiye da na manya kuma galibi yana shafar gabobin ciki. Koyaya, saboda ita cutar kansa ce mai saurin tashin hankali, wanda ƙwayoyin kansa suke girma cikin sauri, tana iya kaiwa ga wasu gabobin, kamar hanta, saifa, kashin ƙashi har ma da ƙasusuwa na fuska.

Alamar farko ta kwayar cutar Burkitt ita ce bayyanar kumburi a wuya, armpits, makwancin gwaiwa ko kumburi a ciki ko fuska, gwargwadon wurin da cutar ta shafa. Bayan nazarin alamun, likitan jini zai tabbatar da ganewar asali ta hanyar nazarin halittu da gwajin hoto. Sabili da haka, samun tabbaci na kwayar cutar ta Burkitt, an nuna magani mafi dacewa, wanda yawanci shine chemotherapy. Duba ƙarin yadda ake yin chemotherapy.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Kwayar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na Burkitt na iya bambanta dangane da nau'ikan da wurin ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta, amma mafi yawan alamun cututtukan da ke tattare da wannan cutar ita ce:

• Harshe a wuya, armpits da / ko makwancin gwaiwa;
• Yawan gumin dare;
• Zazzaɓi;
• Yin tunani ba tare da wani dalili ba;
• Gajiya.

Abu ne sananne sosai ga kwayar cutar Burkitt ta shafi yankin muƙamuƙi da sauran ƙasusuwa na fuska, don haka yana iya haifar da kumburi a ɗaya gefen fuska. Koyaya, ƙari zai iya girma a cikin ciki, yana haifar da kumburi da ciwon ciki, zub da jini da toshewar hanji. Lokacin da lymphoma ya bazu zuwa kwakwalwa, zai iya haifar da rauni a cikin jiki da wahalar tafiya.

Bugu da kari, kumburin da kwayar cutar ta Burkitt ta haifar ba koyaushe ke haifar da ciwo ba kuma galibi yakan fara ko ya munana a cikin fewan kwanaki kawai.

Menene sababi

Kodayake ba a san musabbabin kwayar cutar lymphoma ta Burkitt daidai ba, a wasu yanayi wannan cutar ta daji tana da alaƙa da kamuwa da ƙwayoyin EBV da HIV. Additionari ga haka, samun wata cuta ta cikin gida, wato, haifuwa tare da matsalar kwayar halitta da ke lalata garkuwar jiki, na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da ci gaban wannan nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta.

Kwayar lymphoma ta Burkitt ita ce mafi yawan cutar sankara a kananan yara a yankuna inda ake samun masu kamuwa da zazzabin cizon sauro, kamar Afirka, haka nan kuma ya zama ruwan dare a sauran sassan duniya inda akwai yara da yawa da suka kamu da kwayar HIV.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Yayin da kwayar cutar Burkitt ke yaduwa da sauri, yana da mahimmanci a gano cutar da wuri-wuri. Babban likita ko likitan yara na iya tsammanin cutar kansa kuma ya koma zuwa masanin ilimin likitan ko masanin jijiyoyin jini, kuma bayan sanin tsawon lokacin da alamun suka bayyana, zai nuna aikin biopsy a cikin yankin ƙari. Gano yadda ake yin biopsy.

Bugu da kari, ana yin wasu gwaje-gwajen don tantance kwayar cutar ta Burkitt, kamar su sinadaran lissafi, hoton maganadisu, zafin dabbobi, tattara kashin kashin da CSF. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na likita ne domin gano tsananin cutar da kuma girman cutar sannan kuma a bayyana irin maganin.

Babban iri

Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta rarraba kwayar cutar Burkitt zuwa nau'ikan nau'ikan uku, su ne:

• Endemic ko Afirka: ya fi shafar yara 'yan shekara 4 zuwa 7 kuma ya ninka na yara maza sau biyu;
• Na lokaci-lokaci ko ba na Afirka ba: shi ne nau'in da aka fi sani kuma yana iya faruwa ga yara da manya a duk duniya, yana ɗaukar kusan rabin shari'oin cutar lymphomas a cikin yara;
• Haɗa tare da ƙarancin kariya: yana faruwa ne a cikin mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar HIV kuma suke da cutar kanjamau.

Hakanan kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta Burkitt na iya faruwa a cikin mutanen da aka haifa da cututtukan kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da ƙananan matsaloli na rigakafi kuma wani lokaci yakan iya shafar mutanen da aka yi wa dashe da kuma waɗanda ke amfani da ƙwayoyin rigakafi.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Yakamata a fara maganin cutar kwayar cutar Burkitt da zaran an tabbatar da cutar, saboda nau'ikan ciwan tumbi ne da ke saurin girma. Kwararren likitan jini ya ba da shawarar magani gwargwadon wurin ciwace-ciwacen da kuma matakin cutar, amma a mafi yawan lokuta, magani ga irin wannan kwayar cutar ta lymphoma ya dogara ne da cutar sankara.

Magungunan da za'a iya amfani dasu tare a chemotherapy sune cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone, methotrexate da cytarabine. Hakanan ana amfani da rigakafi, mafi amfani da magani shine rituximab, wanda ke ɗaura da sunadarai a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa yana taimakawa kawar da cutar kansa.

Intrathecal chemotherapy, wanda magani ne da ake amfani da shi a kashin baya, an nuna shi don maganin cutar lemfoma na Burkitt a cikin kwakwalwa kuma ana amfani da shi don hana shi yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Koyaya, wasu nau'ikan magani zasu iya nunawa ta likitan, kamar su radiotherapy, tiyata da kuma daskarewa da kashin kashi ko kuma sanyaya kai tsaye.

Shin kwayar kwayar cutar Burkitt tana iya warkewa?

Duk da kasancewa mai cutar kansa, cutar kwayar cutar Burkitt kusan ana iya warkewa, amma wannan zai dogara ne akan lokacin da aka gano cutar, yankin da cutar ta kama da kuma ko an fara magani da sauri. Lokacin da aka gano cutar a matakin farko kuma lokacin da magani ya fara daga baya, akwai damar samun magani mafi girma.

Kwayoyin cutar Burkitt a mataki na I da na II suna da sama da kashi 90% na magani, yayin da kwayar cutar da ke mataki na III da na IV suna da damar kusan 80% na warkewa.

A ƙarshen jiyya, zai zama wajibi ne a ci gaba da bin diddigin likitan jini na kimanin shekara 2 da yin gwaji kowane wata 3.

Bincika bidiyo tare da wasu nasihu game da yadda za ku magance alamomin maganin ciwon daji: