Cutar Cutar Medullary

Wadatacce

• Ire-iren MCKD
• Dalilin cutar ta MCKD
• Kwayar cututtukan MCKD
• Gwaji don kuma bincikar MCKD
• Kammala lissafin jini
• BUN gwajin
• Tarin fitsari
• Jinin gwajin halitta
• Gwajin Uric acid
• Fitsari
• Gwajin hoto
• Biopsy
• Yaya ake kula da MCKD?
• Rikicin lokaci na MCKD
• Menene hangen nesa ga MCKD?

Menene cututtukan koda na medullary?

Cutar koda ta medullary (MCKD) wani yanayi ne mai wuya wanda ƙaramar jaka cike da ruwa da ake kira mafitsara ta kasance a tsakiyar ƙodar. Har ila yau, ɓarkewa yana faruwa a cikin bututun koda. Fitsari yana tafiya a cikin bututun daga koda da kuma cikin tsarin fitsari. Samun tabon yana haifar da waɗannan bututun suna aiki.

Domin fahimtar MCKD, yana taimaka wajan sanin kadan game da koda da abin da suke yi. Kodanku gabobi ne masu kamannin wake guda biyu kamar girman dunƙulen hannu. Suna kan kowane gefen kashin bayanka, kusa da tsakiyar bayanka.

Kodanku suna tacewa kuma su tsaftace jinina - a kowace rana, kusan lita 200 na jini suna ratsa koda. Jini mai tsafta ya dawo cikin tsarin jini. Productsarancin abubuwa da ƙarin ruwa sun zama fitsari. Ana tura fitsarin zuwa mafitsara daga karshe a cire shi daga jikinka.

Lalacewar da MCKD ya haifar yana haifar da kodan don samar da fitsari wanda bai isa ya tattara shi sosai ba. Watau, fitsarinku yayi yawa kuma bashi da isasshen sharar da ta dace. Sakamakon haka, zaku ƙare da yin fitsarin hanya mafi ruwa fiye da al'ada (polyuria) yayin da jikinku yake ƙoƙarin kawar da duk ƙarin ɓarnar. Kuma a lokacin da kodan suka samar da fitsari da yawa, sannan ruwa, sodium, da sauran sinadarai masu mahimmanci sun bata.

Bayan lokaci, MCKD na iya haifar da gazawar koda.

Ire-iren MCKD

Matasa nephronophthisis (NPH) da MCKD suna da kusanci sosai. Dukkanin yanayin ana haifar dasu ne ta hanyar lalacewar koda iri daya kuma suna haifar da irin alamun.

Babban bambanci shine shekarun farawa. NPH yawanci yakan faru tsakanin shekaru 10 zuwa 20, yayin da MCKD cuta ce ta fara girma.

Bugu da kari, akwai rukuni biyu na MCKD: nau'in 2 (yawanci yana shafar manya masu shekaru 30 zuwa 35) da kuma rubuta 1 (galibi yana shafar manya masu shekaru 60 zuwa 65).

Dalilin cutar ta MCKD

Dukansu NPH da MCKD sune yanayin haɓakar ƙa'idar autosomal. Wannan yana nufin kawai kuna buƙatar samun kwayar halitta daga mahaifa ɗaya don haɓaka cutar. Idan iyaye suna da kwayar halitta, yaro yana da damar kashi 50 cikin ɗari na samun shi da haɓaka yanayin.

Bayan shekarun farawa, sauran babban bambanci tsakanin NPH da MCKD shine cewa suna haifar da lahani daban-daban na kwayoyin halitta.

Duk da yake muna mai da hankali kan MCKD a nan, yawancin abin da muke tattaunawa ya dace da NPH kuma.

Kwayar cututtukan MCKD

Kwayar cututtukan na MCKD suna kama da alamun sauran yanayi, yana mai wuya a gane asali. Wadannan alamun sun hada da:

• yawan yin fitsari
• ƙara yawan fitsari da dare (nocturia)
• saukar karfin jini
• rauni
• sha'awar gishiri (saboda asarar sodium mai yawa daga haɓakar fitsari)

Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, gazawar koda (wanda aka fi sani da cututtukan koda na ƙarshe) na iya haifar. Kwayar cututtukan gazawar koda na iya hada da wadannan:

• rauni ko zubar jini
• sauƙi gajiya
• yawan shaƙuwa
• ciwon kai
• canje-canje a cikin launin fata (rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa)
• itching na fata
• matsewar tsoka ko juyawa
• tashin zuciya
• asarar ji a hannu ko ƙafa
• amai jini
• kujerun jini
• asarar nauyi
• rauni
• kamuwa
• canje-canje a cikin yanayin tunani (rikicewa ko sauya faɗakarwa)
• coma

Gwaji don kuma bincikar MCKD

Idan kuna da alamun cutar MCKD, likitanku na iya yin oda da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban don tabbatar da cutar ku. Gwajin jini da fitsari zai zama mafi mahimmanci don gano MCKD.

Kammala lissafin jini

Cikakkiyar lissafin jini yana kallon yawan lambobinku na jajayen jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets. Wannan gwajin yana neman karancin jini da alamun kamuwa da cuta.

BUN gwajin

Gwajin urea nitrogen (BUN) na neman yawan urea, karyewar kayan furotin, wanda aka daukaka lokacin da kodan basa aiki yadda ya kamata.

Tarin fitsari

Tarin fitsari na awa 24 zai tabbatar da fitsarin da ya wuce kima, da adadi da yawan asara da asarar lantarki, da kuma auna fallasar halittar. Bayanin halittar zai bayyana ko kodan suna aiki yadda yakamata.

Jinin gwajin halitta

Za'a yi gwajin jinin halitta don bincika matakin halittar ku. Creatinine wani sinadari ne mai lalata sinadarai wanda tsokoki ke samarwa, wanda kodayinka yake tace shi daga jiki. Ana amfani da wannan don kwatanta matakin jinin halitta tare da yarda da kodin na halitta.

Gwajin Uric acid

Za ayi gwajin uric acid don duba matakan acid na uric. Uric acid wani sinadari ne da aka kirkira lokacinda jikinka ya farfasa wasu abubuwa na abinci. Uric acid yana fita daga jiki ta hanyar fitsari. Matakan uric acid yawanci suna da yawa a cikin mutanen da suke da MCKD.

Fitsari

Za a yi gwajin fitsari don binciko launi, takamaiman nauyi, da matakan pH (acid ko alkaline) na fitsarinku. Kari akan haka, za a binciki fitsarinku na jini, furotin, da kuma kwayar halitta. Wannan gwajin zai taimaka wa likita wajen tabbatar da ganewar asali ko kawar da wasu matsaloli.

Gwajin hoto

Baya ga gwajin jini da na fitsari, likitan na iya yin odar CT na ciki / koda. Wannan gwajin yana amfani da hoton X-ray don ganin kodan da cikin ciki. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da wasu dalilan da ke haifar da alamunku.

Hakanan likitan ku na iya son yin duban dan tayi don hango cysts din a koda. Wannan don tantance yawan lalacewar koda.

Biopsy

A cikin kwayar halittar koda, likita ko wasu kwararrun likitocin za su cire dan karamin kayan kodar don bincika shi a dakin gwaje-gwaje, a karkashin wani madubin likita. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da wasu dalilan da ke haifar da cututtukanku, gami da cututtuka, baƙon ajiya, ko tabo.

Biopsy na iya taimaka ma likitanka don sanin matakin cutar koda.

Yaya ake kula da MCKD?

Babu magani ga MCKD. Jiyya don yanayin ya ƙunshi maganganu waɗanda ke ƙoƙari don rage bayyanar cututtuka da rage saurin ci gaban cutar.

A farkon matakan cutar, likitanku na iya ba da shawarar ƙara yawan shan ruwa. Hakanan za'a iya buƙatar ka ɗauki ƙarin gishiri don kaucewa rashin ruwa.

Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, gazawar koda na iya haifar. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, ana iya buƙatar yin aikin wankin koda. Dialysis hanya ce da inna ke cire datti daga jiki wanda ƙodar ba za ta iya sake tace shi ba.

Kodayake wankin koda magani ne mai rayar da rai, mutanen da suke fama da matsalar koda suma zasu iya yin dashen koda.

Rikicin lokaci na MCKD

Rikicin na MCKD na iya shafar gabobi da tsarin daban-daban. Wadannan sun hada da:

• anemia (ƙananan baƙin ƙarfe a cikin jini)
• raunana kasusuwa, yana haifar da karaya
• matsi na zuciya saboda tarin ruwa (bugun zuciya)
• canje-canje a cikin metabolism metabolism
• bugun zuciya
• gazawar koda
• miki a ciki da hanji
• yawan zubar jini
• hawan jini
• rashin haihuwa
• matsalolin haila
• lalacewar jijiya

Menene hangen nesa ga MCKD?

MCKD yana haifar da cututtukan koda na ƙarshe - a wasu kalmomin gazawar koda zai iya faruwa ƙarshe. A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar yin dashen koda ko kuma yin aikin wankin koda don kiyaye jikin ku yadda ya kamata. Yi magana da likitanka game da zaɓinku.