Pap test: menene shi, menene don sakamako da sakamako

Wadatacce

• Menene don
• Yadda ake yin jarabawa
• Yadda za a shirya
• Yaushe za a yi shafa
• Pap shafa a ciki
• Fahimtar sakamako

Pap smear, wanda kuma ake kira gwajin rigakafin, jarrabawar likitan mata ce da aka nuna mata tun farkon fara jima'i, da nufin gano canje-canje da cututtuka a cikin mahaifa, kamar kumburi, HPV da ciwon daji.

Wannan gwajin yana da sauri, ana yin shi a ofishin likitan mata kuma ba ya cutar, duk da haka mace na iya jin ɗan damuwa ko matsin lamba a cikin farji yayin da likitan ke lalata ƙwayoyin mahaifa.

Menene don

Ana yin Pap smear don gano canje-canje a cikin mahaifa, wanda zai iya haɗawa da:

• Cututtukan da suka shafi farji, kamar su trichomoniasis, candidiasis ko kuma kwayar cutar mahaifa ta Gardnerella farji;
• Cututtukan da ake yadawa ta hanyar jima'i, kamar su chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis ko HPV;
• Ciwon mahaifa;
• Kimanta lafiyar mahaifa da kuma kasancewar Naboth cysts, wadanda kanana ne wadanda ake iya samarwa saboda tarin ruwa da glandon yake fitowa a wuyan mahaifa.

Hakanan za'a iya yiwa mambobin budurwa bayan shekaru 21, ayi amfani da abu na musamman (Pap smears), ta hanyar amfani da kayan aiki na musamman sannan kuma bisa ga jagorancin likitan, domin tantance bakin mahaifa da kuma gano yiwuwar canje-canje.

Yadda ake yin jarabawa

Gwajin Pap yana da sauki, mai sauri kuma anyi shi a ofishin likitan mata. Koyaya, don a yi shi, yana da mahimmanci ga mace ta bi wasu sharuɗɗa, kamar ɗaukar jarabawa a wajen lokacin jinin haila, rashin yin wanka na farji da amfani da mayukan intravaginal awa 48 kafin gwajin da rashin yin jima'i sa’o’i 48 kafin jarrabawa

A lokacin gwajin, matar na cikin yanayin ilimin mata kuma an saka na'urar kiwon lafiya don kallon bakin mahaifa a cikin rafin farji. Bayan haka, likita yana amfani da spatula ko buroshi don tattara ƙaramin samfurin ƙwayoyin da za a aika don bincike a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Bugu da ƙari, ana yin nunin faifai biyu daga kayan da aka tattara yayin gwajin wanda aka aika zuwa dakin binciken ƙwayoyin cuta don gano kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta.

Jarabawar ba ta cutar da ku, duk da haka kuna iya jin rashin jin daɗi ko jin matsin lamba a cikin mahaifa yayin gwajin, amma jin daɗin zai wuce kai tsaye bayan cirewar spatula da na'urar likita.

Duba ƙarin game da yadda ake yin gwajin Pap.

Yadda za a shirya

Shirye-shiryen maganin shafawa na pap yana da sauki kuma ya hada da guje wa kyakkyawar dangantaka koda tare da amfani da kwaroron roba, guje wa shawa don tsaftar jiki da kuma guje wa amfani da magunguna ko magungunan hana daukar ciki a cikin kwanaki 2 kafin gwajin.

Bugu da kari, dole ne mace kuma ba ta yin jinin haila, saboda kasancewar jini na iya canza sakamakon gwajin.

Duba lokacin da ake buƙatar wasu gwaje-gwaje don tantance bakin mahaifa.

Yaushe za a yi shafa

Ana nuna gwajin Pap ga mata daga farkon fara jima'i har zuwa shekaru 65, duk da haka an fifita shi tsakanin mata tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 65. Dole ne a yi wannan gwajin kowace shekara, amma idan sakamakon ya zama mummunan ga shekaru 2 a jere, ana iya yin gwajin kowace shekara 3. Wannan shawarwarin ya wanzu ne saboda saurin canjin kansar mahaifa, yana ba da damar gano cututtukan da suka kamu da cutar kansa da wuri kuma ana iya fara magani daga baya.

Dangane da mata tun daga shekara 64 da ba su taɓa yin gwajin jini ba, shawarar ita ce a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje biyu tare da tazarar shekara 1 zuwa 3 tsakanin jarabawa. Game da mata masu rauni waɗanda ke nuna cutar sankarar mahaifa, ana yin Pap smear kowane wata shida. Cutar sankarar mahaifa ta samo asali ne daga Human Papillomavirus, HPV, wanda dole ne a gano shi kuma a magance shi don hana shi zama cikin jiki kuma yana haifar da ci gaba da cutar kansa. Koyi yadda ake gano kamuwa da cutar ta HPV da kuma yadda ake yin magani.

Pap shafa a ciki

Ana iya yin allurar Pap a lokacin juna biyu har zuwa wata na huɗu a mafi yawancin, zai fi dacewa a yi shi a farkon zuwan haihuwa, idan matar ba ta yi haka ba kwanan nan. Bugu da kari, gwajin na da lafiya ga jariri, tunda ba ya isa cikin mahaifar ko tayi.

Fahimtar sakamako

Sakamakon smear na Pap yana fitowa ne ta hanyar dakin gwaje-gwaje daidai da halayen ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka gani a ƙarƙashin madubin likita, wanda zai iya zama:

• Class I: bakin mahaifa na al'ada ne da lafiya;
• Class II: kasancewar canje-canje marasa kyau a cikin kwayoyin halitta, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da kumburin farji;
• Class III: ya hada da NIC 1, 2 ko 3 ko LSIL, wanda ke nufin cewa akwai canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halittar mahaifa kuma likita na iya ba da umarnin karin gwaje-gwaje don neman dalilin matsalar, wanda ka iya zama HPV;
• Aji na hudu; NIC 3 ko HSIL, wanda ke nuna yiwuwar farawa da cutar sankarar mahaifa;
• Class V: kasancewar kansar mahaifa.
• Samfurin mara gamsarwa: kayan da aka tattara basu wadatar ba kuma ba za'a iya yin gwajin ba.

Dangane da sakamakon, likitan mata zai gaya muku idan ya zama dole a yi karin gwaje-gwaje kuma menene magani da ya dace. A yayin kamuwa da cutar ta HPV ko canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, dole ne a sake gwajin bayan watanni 6, kuma idan ana tsammanin cutar kansa, ya kamata a yi colposcopy, wanda shine cikakken binciken mata wanda likita ke tantance ƙwanƙwasa, farji da bakin mahaifa Fahimci menene colposcopy kuma yaya ake yinshi.