Menene facin facin?

Wadatacce

• Ma'ana
• A ina suke?
• Menene aikinsu?
• Amsawa ga kamuwa da cuta
• Tolein haƙuri na baka
• Yanayin da ya shafi facin Peyer
• Kwayoyin cuta
• Kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta
• Cutar Crohn da ulcerative colitis
• Cututtukan prion
• Layin kasa

Ma'ana

Peyer's faci rukuni ne na ƙwayoyin lymphoid a cikin membrane wanda yake layin ƙananan hanjinku. Magungunan Lymphoid ƙananan ƙananan gabobi ne a cikin tsarin kwayar halittarku waɗanda suke kama da ƙwayoyin lymph.

Tsarin lymfatic din ku ya kunshi kyallen takarda da gabobin jiki wadanda suke dauke da farin kwayoyin halittar jini, wadanda ke taimakawa jikin ku yakar cutuka. Plewafin ku, kasusuwan kasusuwa, da lymph nodes duk ɓangare ne na tsarin ƙwayoyin jikinku.

Peyer's facin suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kulawar kayan aiki a cikin tsarin narkewar ku. Kulawa da rigakafi yana nufin tsarin da tsarin garkuwar ku yake ganewa da lalata masu cutar.

A ina suke?

Facin Peyer suna cikin ƙananan hanjinku, yawanci a yankin ileum. Ikin shine karshe na karamin hanjinki. Baya ga ƙarin narkar da abincin da kuke ci, ileum yana jan ruwa da abinci daga abinci.

Yawancin mutane suna da alamomi tsakanin 30 zuwa 40 na facin Peyer, kuma samari matasa sun fi tsofaffi girma. yi imani da yawan facin Peyer a cikin kwayar ku ta ileum a cikin shekarunka na 20.

Girman, sifa, da kuma rarrabawar facin facin Peyer ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Menene aikinsu?

Peyer's facin yana da mahimman ayyuka guda biyu masu alaƙa da tsarin garkuwar ku da yadda yake amsa ƙwayoyin cuta masu yuwuwa.

Amsawa ga kamuwa da cuta

Peyer's facin ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta, ciki har da macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, da B cells. Hakanan akwai ƙwayoyin halitta na musamman, waɗanda ake kira M cells, kusa da facin Peyer ɗinku. Wadannan kwayoyin M suna ciyar da antigens zuwa macrophages da dendritic cells na facin Peyer dinka. Antigen wani abu ne, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda zai iya samar da amsa daga tsarin garkuwar ku.

Macrophages da dendritic sel sannan suna nuna wadannan antigens din ga kwayoyin halittar T da kwayoyin B, wanda ke tantance ko antigen din yana bukatar amsa na rigakafi. Idan sun gane antigen a matsayin cuta mai cutarwa, ƙwayoyin T da ƙwayoyin B a cikin facin Peyer ɗinku suna nuna siginar garkuwar ku ta kai masa hari.

Wasu lokuta, kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta na iya yin hacking din wannan aikin kuma suyi amfani da shi don shiga sauran jikinku ta cikin ƙananan hanjin ku.

Tolein haƙuri na baka

Duk abin da kuka ci daga ƙarshe yana zuwa hanjinku. Jikinka ba ya gane abinci a matsayin baƙin abubuwa saboda wani abu da ake kira haƙuri na baka. Wannan yana nufin hanawa martani na rigakafi ga wasu antigens. Abubuwan facin ku na Peyer yawanci kayan samfoti ne a cikin karamar hanjin ku, saboda haka suna iya taka rawa wajen tantance waɗanne abubuwa ne ke buƙatar amsawar garkuwar jiki.

Babu wanda ya tabbata game da ainihin rawar facin Peyer a cikin wannan aikin. Wani binciken da ya dace wanda ya shafi beraye. Beraye tare da rage ƙarancin facin Peyer yana da wahalar jure wa sunadarai a matsayin manya, amma ba wasu mahaukatan ba. Duk da haka, wannan bita ya kuma lura cewa sauran nazarin sun kammala cewa rashin samun facin Peyer ba ze shafi shafar ba da haƙuri ba.

Peyer ta facin mai yiwuwa taka wata irin rawa a cikin ci gaban na baka rigakafin haƙuri, amma masu bincike har yanzu figuring fitar da cikakken bayani.

Yanayin da ya shafi facin Peyer

Kwayoyin cuta

Yawancin kwayoyin cuta na iya mamaye jikinka ta hanyar yin niyya ga ƙwayoyin M da kuma facin Peyer. Misali, a shekara ta 2010 ta lura da hakan Listeria monocytogenes, wanda ke haifar da listeria, yana hulɗa tare da ƙwayoyin M da facin Peyer. Da L. monocytogenes kwayoyin cuta na iya:

• yi ƙaura yadda yakamata ta cikin ƙwayoyin M kuma cikin hanzari suna motsawa cikin ɓangaran beraye na Peyer
• rubanya cikin facin Peyer
• matsa da sauri daga facin Peyer zuwa wasu gabobin ciki

Sauran nau'ikan kwayoyin da aka san yin wannan sun hada da enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, wanda ke haifar E. coli cututtuka, da Salmonella typhimurium, wanda ka iya haifar da guba a abinci.

Kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta

Wayoyin cuta na iya amfani da ƙwayoyin M don shigar da facin Peyer ɗin ku kuma fara yin kwafi. Misali, ka lura cewa kwayar cutar shan inna, wacce ke haifar da cutar shan inna, ta fi son yin rubanyawa a cikin karamar hanjinka.

Sauran ƙwayoyin cuta da aka sani da yin wannan sun haɗa da HIV-1, wanda ke haifar da mafi yawan nau'in HIV.

Cutar Crohn da ulcerative colitis

Cutar Crohn da ulcerative colitis nau'uka biyu ne na cututtukan hanji mai kumburi. Cututtukan Crohn yawanci suna ƙunshe da kumburin ciki, yayin da ulcerative colitis yawanci ya shafi uwar hanji.

Mutanen da ke tare da kowane ɗayan kuma suna da rauni a ko kusa da facin Peyer ɗin su, suna ba da shawarar wataƙila suna taka rawa a ci gaban waɗannan yanayin.

Cututtukan prion

Prions ƙwayoyin cuta ne da ke iya canza fasali ko tsarin sunadarai, musamman waɗanda ke cikin kwakwalwa. Yanayin da ya shafi prions an san shi da cututtukan prion. Misali na yau da kullun shine cututtukan Creutzfeldt-Jakob, wanda wataƙila ke haifar da irin wannan sanadiyyar cutar saniyar shanu a cikin shanu.

A lokuta da yawa, prions suna cin abinci, saboda haka yawanci suna shiga cikin ƙananan hanjin ku kafin su sami wasu sassan jikin ku, kamar kwakwalwar ku. Wasu sun sami adadi mai yawa na prions a cikin facin Peyer na nau'in dabbobi da yawa. Bugu da kari, beraye masu karancin facin Peyer suna kama da cututtukan prion.

Layin kasa

Peyer's faci ƙananan yankuna ne a cikin ƙananan hanjinku, musamman ƙananan ƙananan. Tare da kwayoyin M, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gano ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin tsarin narkewar abincinku. Koyaya, facin Peyer na iya kuma taka rawa wajen ci gaban yanayi da yawa, gami da cututtukan hanji, ko da yake ba a fahimci wannan rawar ba tukuna.