Menene polycythemia, haddasawa, yadda za'a gano da kuma magance su

Wadatacce

• Polycythemia bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Babban sanadin polycythemia
• Yadda za a bi da

Polycythemia yayi daidai da ƙarin yawan ƙwayoyin jinin jini, wanda ake kira jajayen jini ko erythrocytes, a cikin jini, wato, sama da ƙwayoyin jini ja miliyan 5.4 da µL na jini a cikin mata kuma sama da miliyan 500 na jajayen jini a µL na jini a cikin maza.

Saboda karuwar yawan jajayen kwayoyin jini, jinin yana kara karfi sosai, wanda hakan ke sanya jini kewaya da wuya ta hanyoyin jirgi, wanda kan iya haifar da wasu alamu, kamar ciwon kai, jiri da ma bugun zuciya.

Ana iya magance polycythemia ba kawai don rage yawan ƙwayoyin jinin jini da danko na jini ba, amma kuma da nufin sauƙaƙa alamomi da hana rikice-rikice, kamar su bugun jini da huhu na huhu.

Polycythemia bayyanar cututtuka

Polycythemia yawanci baya haifar da alamomi, musamman idan karuwar yawan jajayen kwayoyin jini ba mai girma bane, ana lura dashi ne kawai ta hanyar gwajin jini. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, mutum na iya fuskantar ciwon kai, rashin gani, jan fata, yawan gajiya da fatar jiki, musamman bayan yin wanka, wanda hakan na iya nuna polycythemia.

Yana da muhimmanci mutum ya rika kirga jininsa a kai a kai kuma, idan duk wata alama da ke da alaƙa da polycythemia ta taso, kai tsaye ka je wurin likita, saboda ƙaruwar ƙwayoyin jini saboda ƙaruwar ƙwayoyin jinin jini yana ƙara haɗarin shanyewar jiki, myocardial infarction. myocardium da huhu embolism, misali.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ganewar polycythemia an yi ta ne daga sakamakon ƙididdigar jini, wanda a ciki aka lura ba wai kawai ƙaruwar ƙwayoyin jinin jini ba, amma har da ƙaruwa a ƙimar hematocrit da haemoglobin. Duba menene ƙimar ƙididdigar ƙididdigar jini.

Dangane da bincike na yawan jini da kuma sakamakon wasu gwaje-gwajen da mutum yayi, ana iya sanya polycythemia zuwa:

• Primary polycythemia, kuma ake kira polycythemia vera, wanda shine cututtukan kwayar halitta wanda ke nuna ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini. Arin fahimta game da polycythemia vera;
• Maganar polycythemia, wanda ya kebanta da karuwar yawan jan jini saboda raguwar karfin jini, kamar yadda yake a yanayin rashin ruwa a jiki, alal misali, ba lallai ba ne ya nuna cewa akwai mafi yawan samar da jajayen kwayoyin jini;
• Secondary polycythemia, wanda ke faruwa saboda cututtukan da zasu iya haifar da ƙaruwa ba kawai a cikin adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini ba, har ma a cikin wasu sigogin sashi.

Yana da mahimmanci a gano dalilin polycythemia don kafa mafi kyawun nau'in magani, guje wa bayyanar wasu alamu ko rikitarwa.

Babban sanadin polycythemia

Game da polycythemia na farko, ko polycythemia vera, dalilin karuwar samar da jajayen kwayoyin jini shine canjin kwayar halitta wanda ke haifar da rudani a aikin samar da jajayen kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke haifar da karuwar jajayen kwayoyin jini kuma, wani lokacin, leukocytes da platelet.

A dangin polycythemia, a daya bangaren, babban abin da yake haifar da shi shi ne rashin ruwa a jiki, kamar yadda a cikin wadannan lokuta ake samun asarar ruwan jiki, wanda ke haifar da karuwar da ake samu a bayyane ga yawan kwayoyin jinin jini. A al'ada game da alaƙar polycythemia, matakan erythropoietin, wanda shine kwazon da ke da alhakin tsara aikin samar da ƙwayar ƙwayar jinin jini, daidai ne.

Ana iya haifar da polycythemia ta biyu ta yanayi da yawa wanda zai iya haifar da ƙaruwar yawan jinin jini, kamar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya, cututtukan numfashi, kiba, shan sigari, Ciwan Cushing, cututtukan hanta, matakin farko na cutar myeloid na cutar sankarar bargo, lymphoma, koda cuta da tarin fuka. Bugu da kari, adadin jan jinin jini na iya karuwa saboda yawan amfani da maganin corticosteroids, sinadarin bitamin B12 da magunguna da ake amfani da su don magance kansar mama, misali.

Yadda za a bi da

Maganin polycythemia ya kamata ya zama jagorar likitan jini, game da babba, ko kuma likitan yara kan batun jarirai da yaro, kuma ya dogara da dalilin karuwar adadin jajayen jini.

Yawancin lokaci, maganin yana nufin rage adadin ƙwayoyin jinin jini, sa jini ya zama mai ruwa kuma, don haka, yana taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da rage haɗarin rikitarwa. A alal misali polycythemia vera, alal misali, ana ba da shawarar yin phlebotomy na warkewa, ko zubar jini, wanda a ciki ake cire jan jini.

Bugu da kari, likita na iya ba da shawarar amfani da magunguna, kamar su asfirin, don sanya jini ya zama mai ruwa sosai da rage barazanar samuwar jini, ko na wasu magunguna, kamar su Hydroxyurea ko Interferon alfa, alal misali, don rage adadin jajayen kwayoyin jini.