Matakan Firamare na gaba vs. Relapsing-Remitting MS

Wadatacce

• Menene MS-ci gaba na farko?
• Menene alamun PPMS na yau da kullun?
• Wanene ke samun PPMS?
• Menene ke haifar da PPMS?
• Menene hangen nesa ga PPMS?
• Waɗanne jiyya ne na PPMS?
• Menene sake dawo da MS?
• Menene alamun RRMS na yau da kullun?
• Wanene ke karɓar RRMS?
• Me ke haifar da RRMS?
• Menene hangen nesa ga RRMS?
• Menene maganin RRMS?
• Menene bambance-bambance tsakanin PPMS da RRMS?
• Shekarar farawa
• Dalilin
• Outlook
• Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Bayani

Multiple sclerosis (MS) wani yanayi ne na yau da kullun wanda ke haifar da lalacewar jijiya. Manyan nau'ikan MS guda hudu sune:

• cututtukan cututtuka na asibiti (CIS)
• sake dawo da MS (RRMS)
• MS na gaba-gaba (PPMS)
• MS na gaba-gaba (SPMS)

Kowane nau'i na MS yana haifar da maganganu daban-daban, matakan tsanani, da hanyoyin magani. Ci gaba da karatu don gano yadda PPMS ya bambanta da RRMS.

Menene MS-ci gaba na farko?

PPMS yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan MS, wanda ke shafar kusan kashi 15 cikin ɗari na duk wanda aka kamu da cutar. Yayinda sauran nau'ikan na MS ke dauke da mummunan hare-hare, wanda ake kira sake dawowa, biyo bayan lokutan rashin aiki, wanda ake kira remission, PPMS yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka da sannu-sannu.

PPMS na iya canzawa akan lokaci. Lokaci na rayuwa tare da wannan yanayin za'a iya rarraba shi azaman:

• aiki tare da ci gaba idan akwai ci gaba da bayyanar cututtuka ko sabon aikin MRI ko sake dawowa
• aiki ba tare da ci gaba ba idan bayyanar cututtuka ko aikin MRI ya kasance, amma alamun ba su ƙara tsanantawa ba
• ba aiki ba tare da ci gaba ba idan babu alamun bayyanar cututtuka ko aikin MRI kuma babu ƙara rashin ƙarfi
• ba aiki tare da ci gaba idan akwai sake dawowa ko aikin MRI, kuma alamun sun zama mafi tsanani

Menene alamun PPMS na yau da kullun?

Kwayar cutar PPMS na iya bambanta, amma alamun bayyanar sun haɗa da:

• matsalolin hangen nesa
• wahalar magana
• matsalolin tafiya
• matsala tare da daidaito
• babban ciwo
• kafafu masu kauri da rauni
• matsala tare da ƙwaƙwalwa
• gajiya
• matsala tare da mafitsara da hanji
• damuwa

Wanene ke samun PPMS?

Mutane sukan kamu da cutar PPMS a tsakanin shekarun 40 zuwa 50, yayin da waɗanda suka kamu da RRMS suka kasance shekarunsu na 20 zuwa 30. Ana bincikar maza da mata tare da cutar PPMS a cikin mizani ɗaya, sabanin na RRMS, wanda ya fi shafar yawancin mata.

Menene ke haifar da PPMS?

Sanadin MS ba a san su ba. Ka'idar da aka fi sani ta yau da kullun ta nuna cewa MS yana farawa azaman tsarin kumburi na tsarin ƙirar ƙirar ƙirar wanda ke haifar da lalacewar kwalliyar myelin. Wannan shine murfin kariya wanda ke kewaye da jijiyoyin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.

Wata mahangar kuma ita ce cewa ba shi da kariya daga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Daga baya, lalacewar jijiyoyi ko lalacewa na faruwa.

Wasu shaidu sun nuna cewa MS na ci gaba na farko yana daga cikin sashin asibiti na MS kuma baya banbanta da sake dawowa MS.

Menene hangen nesa ga PPMS?

PPMS yana shafar kowa daban. Saboda PPMS yana ci gaba, alamomin cutar na ci gaba da munana maimakon mafi kyau. Yawancin mutane suna da matsalar tafiya. Wasu mutane kuma suna da rawar jiki da matsalolin gani.

Waɗanne jiyya ne na PPMS?

Jiyya na PPMS ya fi RRMS wahala. Ya haɗa da yin amfani da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na rigakafi. Suna iya ba da taimako na ɗan lokaci amma ana iya amfani da su cikin aminci don fewan watanni zuwa shekara ɗaya a lokaci guda.

Ocrelizumab (Ocevus) shine kawai magani da FDA ta yarda dashi don magance PPMS.

Babu magani ga PPMS, amma zaka iya sarrafa yanayin.

Wasu ƙwayoyi masu canza cuta (DMDs) da masu sihiri suna iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa alamomin. Kula da rayuwa mai kyau wanda ya haɗa da cin abinci mai kyau da motsa jiki na iya taimakawa. Gyaran jiki ta hanyar motsa jiki da kuma aikin yi na iya taimakawa.

Menene sake dawo da MS?

RRMS shine mafi yawan nau'in MS. Yana shafar kusan kashi 85 na duk mutanen da aka gano da cutar ta MS. Yawancin mutane ana fara gano su da RRMS. Wannan ganewar cutar yawanci yakan canza bayan shekaru da yawa zuwa hanyar ci gaba.

Sunan da ya sake dawo da MS ya bayyana yanayin yanayin. Yawanci ya ƙunshi lokutan sake dawowa mai tsanani da lokutan rashi.

A lokacin sake dawowa, sababbin bayyanar cututtuka na iya gabatarwa, ko kuma alamun alamun guda ɗaya na iya walƙiya kuma ya zama mai tsanani. A lokacin remissions, mutane na iya samun ƙananan alamun, ko alamun na iya zama ƙasa da tsanani na makonni, watanni, ko shekaru.

Wasu alamun RRMS na iya zama na dindindin. Wadannan ana kiran su alamun bayyanar.

RRMS an tsara shi azaman:

• aiki yayin da ake sake dawowa ko raunin da aka samo akan MRI
• basa aiki lokacin da babu sake dawowa ko aikin MRI
• taɓarɓarewa yayin da alamomin ke ci gaba da tsananta a hankali bayan sake dawowa
• ba damuwa yayin bayyanar cututtuka ba sa samun ci gaba mai tsanani a hankali bayan sake dawowa

Menene alamun RRMS na yau da kullun?

Kwayar cutar ta bambanta ga kowane mutum, amma alamun RRMS na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• matsaloli tare da daidaito da daidaito
• rashin nutsuwa
• gajiya
• rashin tunani sosai
• matsaloli tare da hangen nesa
• damuwa
• matsaloli tare da yin fitsari
• matsala jurewa zafi
• rauni na tsoka
• matsala tafiya

Wanene ke karɓar RRMS?

Yawancin mutane ana bincikar su da RRMS a cikin shekarun su na 20 zuwa 30, wanda shine ƙarami fiye da yadda ake gano wasu nau'ikan MS, kamar PPMS. Mata sun fi maza saurin kamuwa da cutar sau biyu.

Me ke haifar da RRMS?

Aya daga cikin ka'idoji ɗaya shine RRMS wani yanayi ne na rashin lafiyar jiki wanda ke faruwa yayin da jiki ya fara kaiwa kansa hari. Tsarin rigakafi yana kai hare-haren ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da layin insulating, waɗanda ake kira myelin, waɗanda ke kiyaye ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin.

Wadannan hare-haren suna haifar da kumburi kuma suna haifar da ƙananan yankuna na lalacewa. Wannan lalacewar yana da wahala ga jijiyoyi su dauke bayanai zuwa jiki. Alamun RRMS sun bambanta dangane da wurin da lalacewar take.

Dalilin MS ba a san shi ba, amma akwai yiwuwar duka kwayoyin halitta da masu haifar da mahalli ga MS. Wata ka'ida tana nuna kwayar cuta, kamar su Epstein-Barr, na iya haifar da MS.

Menene hangen nesa ga RRMS?

Wannan yanayin yana shafar kowane mutum daban. Wasu mutane na iya rayuwa cikin ƙoshin lafiya tare da sake dawowa kawai wanda ba ya haifar da rikitarwa mai mahimmanci. Wasu na iya samun saurin kai hari tare da alamun ci gaba wanda ƙarshe ke haifar da rikitarwa mai tsanani.

Menene maganin RRMS?

Akwai magunguna da dama da aka yarda da su na FDA don magance RRMS. Wadannan magunguna suna rage yawan faruwar sake dawowa da kuma ci gaban sabbin raunuka. Hakanan suna jinkirta ci gaban RRMS.

Menene bambance-bambance tsakanin PPMS da RRMS?

Kodayake PPMS da RRMS duka nau'ikan nau'ikan MS ne, akwai bayyananniyar bambance-bambance a tsakanin su, kamar su:

Shekarar farawa

Binciken PPMS yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin mutane tsakanin shekarun 40 zuwa 50, yayin da RRMS ke shafar waɗanda shekarunsu ba su wuce 20 zuwa 30 ba.

Dalilin

Dukkanin PPMS da RRMS ana haifar dasu ta hanyar kumburi da kuma tsarin rigakafi akan myelin da jijiyoyin jijiyoyi. RRMS yana da ƙarin kumburi fiye da PPMS.

Waɗanda ke da cutar PPMS suna da ƙarin tabo da alamomi, ko raunuka, a kan kashin bayansu, yayin da waɗanda ke da RRMS suna da ƙarin rauni a kan ƙwaƙwalwa.

Outlook

PPMS yana ci gaba tare da bayyanar cututtuka da ke ƙara muni a kan lokaci, yayin da RRMS na iya gabatarwa azaman mummunan hari tare da dogon lokacin rashin aiki. RRMS na iya haɓaka zuwa nau'in ci gaba na MS, wanda ake kira MS na gaba, ko SPMS, bayan wani lokaci.

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Duk da yake Ocrelizumab shine kawai FDA ta yarda da magani don magance PPMS, akwai da yawa da zasu iya taimakawa. Hakanan akwai karin magunguna da ake bincika. RRMS yana da sama da dozin da aka yarda da su.

Marasa lafiya tare da PPMS da RRMS na iya amfana daga gyara tare da maganin jiki da na aiki. Akwai magunguna da yawa da likitoci zasu iya amfani dasu don taimakawa mutane tare da MS don gudanar da alamun su.