Mene ne mahimmanci thrombocythemia, bayyanar cututtuka, ganewar asali da yadda za'a magance su

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Shin yana da mahimmanci ciwon daji na thrombocythemia?
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Jiyya don mahimmin ciwan jiki

Trombocythemia mai mahimmanci, ko TE, cuta ce ta cututtukan jini wanda ke nuna yawan karuwar yawan platelets a cikin jini, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin thrombosis da zub da jini.

Wannan cutar yawanci ba ta da wata ma'ana, ana gano ta ne bayan an yi gwajin jini na yau da kullun. Koyaya, likitan ne kawai ya tabbatar da ganewar asali bayan banda wasu dalilan da suka haifar da karuwar platelets, misali karancin karancin ƙarfe, misali.

Ana yin magani yawanci tare da magunguna waɗanda zasu iya rage adadin platelets a cikin jini da rage haɗarin thrombosis, kuma ya kamata a yi amfani dashi kamar yadda babban likita ko kuma masu binciken jini suka bayar da umurni.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Maganin thrombocythemia mai mahimmanci yawanci asymptomatic ne, ana lura dashi ne kawai bayan samun cikakken jini, misali. Koyaya, yana iya haifar da wasu alamun bayyanar, manyan sune:

• Jin zafi a ƙafa da hannaye;
• Splenomegaly, wanda shine fadada saifa;
• Ciwon kirji;
• Gumi;
• Rashin rauni;
• Ciwon kai;
• Makantar wucin gadi, wanda na iya zama na juzu'i ko cikakke;
• Rage nauyi.

Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da aka bincikar su da mahimman ƙwayoyin cuta suna cikin haɗarin thrombosis da zub da jini. Wannan cutar ta fi faruwa ga mutane sama da 60, amma kuma tana iya faruwa a cikin mutanen da shekarunsu ba su kai 40 ba.

Shin yana da mahimmanci ciwon daji na thrombocythemia?

Maganin thrombocythemia mai mahimmanci ba shine ciwon daji ba, tun da babu yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta, amma ƙwayoyin al'ada, a wannan yanayin, platelets, wanda ke bayyana yanayin thrombocytosis ko thrombocytosis. Wannan cuta ta kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali na kimanin shekaru 10 zuwa 20 kuma yana da ƙananan canji na cutar sankarar bargo, ƙasa da 5%.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Babban likitan ne ko likitan jini ke yin binciken ne bisa ga alamu da alamomin da mai haƙuri ya gabatar, ban da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da aka yi. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a cire wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da yawan platelets, kamar su cututtukan kumburi, myelodysplasia da ƙarancin ƙarfe, misali. San manyan dalilan kara girman platelet.

Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje na muhimman cututtukan thrombocythemia ana yin su ne da farko ta hanyar binciken ƙididdigar jini, wanda a ciki ake lura da ƙaruwar platelets, tare da ƙimar sama da 450,000 platelet / mm³ na jini. A yadda aka saba, yawan maimaita platelet yana maimaitawa a cikin kwanaki daban-daban don ganin idan ƙimar ta rage.

Idan platelets suka ci gaba, ana yin gwajin kwayoyin don bincika kasancewar maye gurbi wanda zai iya nuna mahimmancin thrombocythemia, maye gurbin JAK2 V617F, wanda yake a cikin fiye da 50% na marasa lafiya. Idan aka tabbatar da wanzuwar wannan maye gurbi, ya zama dole a keɓance abin da ke faruwa na wasu cutuka masu haɗari kuma a bincika albarkatun ƙarfe masu sinadirai.

A wasu lokuta, ana iya yin biopsy na kasusuwa, wanda za'a iya lura da hauhawar megakaryocytes, waɗanda sune ainihin ƙwayoyin jinin platelets.

Jiyya don mahimmin ciwan jiki

Maganin mahimmancin thrombocythemia yana nufin rage haɗarin thrombosis da zubar jini, kuma yawanci likita yana ba da shawarar yin amfani da magunguna don rage adadin platelet a cikin jini, kamar su Anagrelide da Hydroxyurea, misali.

Hydroxyurea shine magani da aka saba bada shawara ga mutanen da ake zaton suna cikin babban haɗari, ma'ana, waɗanda suka haura shekaru 60, sun sami matsalar thrombosis kuma suna da ƙarancin platelet sama da 1500000 / mm³ na jini. Koyaya, wannan magani yana da wasu illoli, kamar su maye gurbin fata, tashin zuciya da amai.

Maganin marasa lafiya wadanda ke da ƙananan haɗari, waɗanda suke waɗanda ke ƙasa da shekara 40, yawanci ana yin su ne tare da acetylsalicylic acid bisa ga jagorancin babban likita ko masanin jini.

Bugu da ƙari, don rage haɗarin thrombosis yana da mahimmanci a guji shan sigari da kuma magance cututtukan da ke iya haifar da cutar, kamar hawan jini, kiba da ciwon sukari, saboda suna ƙara haɗarin thrombosis. San abin da za a yi don hana thrombosis.