Tularemia

Wadatacce

• Menene tularemia?
• Watsawa ga mutane
• Siffofin tularemia da alamun su
• Tularemia ta Ulceroglandular
• Glandular tularemia
• Ciwon huhu na huhu
• Tularemia na Oculogland
• Oropharyngeal tularemia
• Typhoidal tularemia
• Matsalolin da ke iya faruwa na tularemia
• Sanadin tularemia
• Abubuwan haɗari ga tularemia
• Binciken asali na tularemia
• Jiyya don tularemia
• Hana tularemia
• Dubawa don tularemia

Menene tularemia?

Tularemia cuta ce mai yaduwa wacce yawanci ke shafar dabbobi masu zuwa:

• berayen daji
• gwatso
• tsuntsaye
• zomaye

Kwayar cuta ce ke haifar da kwayar cutar Francisella tularensis. Zai iya zama barazanar rai.

Karanta don gano yadda ake kamuwa da cutar tularemia ga mutane, nau'ikan cutar da alamomin su, hanyoyin magani, da sauransu.

Watsawa ga mutane

'Yan Adam na iya kamuwa da cutar tularemia ta hanyar yin hulɗa kai tsaye da dabba mai cutar ko daga kaska, sauro, ko cizon dawa.

An bambanta nau'ikan tularemia ta inda kwayoyin cuta suke shiga jikin mutum.

Mafi yawan nau'in cutar ana samun sa ne ta hanyar fata da kwayoyin cuta. Cutar mafi tsananin cuta ana samun ta ne ta shaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ana iya magance Tularemia sau da yawa tare da maganin rigakafi. Jiyya na farko yana ba da kyakkyawan hangen nesa don cikakken murmurewa. Koyaya, wasu larura masu tsanani na iya zama na mutuwa koda da magani.

Tularemia ba safai ba. Yawancin lokaci galibi ana samun rahoton sababbin kararraki 100 zuwa 200 a Amurka kowace shekara.

Siffofin tularemia da alamun su

Kwayar cututtukan tularemia na iya bambanta ƙwarai, daga rashin haɗari ko taushi ga barazanar rai. Kwayar cutar galibi tana bayyana ne tsakanin kwanaki 3 zuwa 5 na kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, amma a wasu lokuta na iya ɗaukar makonni 2 don bayyana.

Kwayar cututtukan na iya bambanta dangane da inda kwayoyin cutar ke shiga jikin mutum. Anan akwai wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan tularemia da alamomin dake tattare dasu.

Tularemia ta Ulceroglandular

Kwayar cututtukan ulceroglandular tularemia, ko kamuwa da cuta ta fata, na iya haɗawa da:

• miki na fata a wurin saduwa da dabbar da ke dauke da cutar ko a wurin cizon
• kumburin kumburin lymph kusa da miki na fata (galibi a cikin gaɓa ko makwancin gwaiwa)
• tsananin ciwon kai
• zazzabi
• jin sanyi
• gajiya

Glandular tularemia

Alamomin cutar glandular tularemia, ko kamuwa da cuta ta fata, suna kama da alamun ulceroglandular amma ba tare da miki ulcer ba.

Ciwon huhu na huhu

Pneumonic tularemia shine mafi tsananin nau'in wannan cuta. Ana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar shakar iska. Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• tari mai bushewa
• wahalar numfashi
• zazzabi mai zafi
• ciwon kirji

Tularemia na Oculogland

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ko kamuwa da cutar ido, na iya haɗawa da:

• fushin ido
• ciwon ido
• kumburin ido
• zubar ruwa ko jan ido
• ciwo a cikin cikin fatar ido
• kumburin lymph gland a bayan kunne

Oropharyngeal tularemia

Alamar cutar oropharyngeal tularemia, ko kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar cinye ƙwayoyin cuta, na iya haɗawa da:

• ciwon makogwaro
• ulce a cikin bakin
• kumburin kumburin lymph a cikin wuya
• tonsillitis, ko kumburin tumbi
• amai
• gudawa

Typhoidal tularemia

Alamun cututtukan nau'ikan wannan cuta, typhoidal tularemia, na iya haɗawa da:

• zazzabi mai tsananin gaske
• matsanancin gajiya
• gudawa
• amai

Typhoidal tularemia na iya haifar da ciwon huhu da kumburin hanta da baƙin ciki.

Matsalolin da ke iya faruwa na tularemia

Abubuwa masu tsanani da ba a kula dasu ba na tularemia na iya haifar da rikitarwa masu zuwa:

• rashin ciwan zuciya
• kumburin membran da suka kewaye kwakwalwarka da jijiyoyi, wanda ake kira sankarau
• mutuwa

Sanadin tularemia

Kwayar cuta Francisella tularensis yana haifar da tularemia. Halittun da ke iya daukar kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• zomo da kaska
• barewa
• kurege
• zomaye
• beraye
• dabbobin gida da suke fita waje

Wanne irin tularemia kuke ciwa ya dogara da yadda kwayoyin ke shiga jikin ku.

Bayyanar fata shine mafi yawan nau'in cutar. Shaƙar iska ta cikin huhu ita ce sifa mafi tsanani ta tularemia.

Idan ba a kula da shi ba, wasu nau'o'in cutar na iya zuwa ƙarshen sassan jiki:

• huhu
• kashin baya
• kwakwalwa
• zuciya

Cutar na iya haifar da mummunan rikitarwa wani lokaci kuma ya mutu.

Hanyar shigarwa da sakamakon siffofin tularemia sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Fitar da fata na haifar da glandular ko ulceroglandular tularemia.
• Shakar ƙwayoyin cuta da ke saurin motsa jiki na haifar da cutar pulamonal tularemia.
• Bayyanawa ta cikin ido yana haifar da tularemia.
• Amfani da abinci yana haifar da tarkon oropharyngeal tularemia.
• Tsarin cuta (wanda ke shafar dukkan jiki) yana haifar da tularemia taifot.

Abubuwan haɗari ga tularemia

Dabbobi na ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da tularemia. Kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar idan kuna yawan hulɗa da dabbobi.

Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin haɗari ga tularemia sun haɗa da waɗanda:

• yi aiki tare da dabbobi, kamar likitocin dabbobi, masu kula da namun daji, da masu gadin wurin shakatawa
• zama a yankunan dazuzzuka da yawa
• yi aiki da gawarwakin dabbobi, kamar mafarauta, masu biyan haraji, da mahauta
• aiki a aikin lambu da gyara shimfidar wuri

Binciken asali na tularemia

Binciken asali na tularemia ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba saboda sau da yawa yana iya bayyana kamar sauran cututtuka. Hanyoyi daban-daban na shigar kwayar cuta sun rikita batun.

Dole ne likitanku ya dogara da tarihin kanku da na likitanku don taimakawa wajen gano ku.

Likitanku na iya zargin tularemia idan kun yi balaguro kwanan nan, cizon kwari, ko tuntuɓar dabbobi. Hakanan suna iya tsammanin kuna da wannan cutar idan kun riga kuna da mummunan yanayin rashin lafiya wanda zai lalata tsarin garkuwar ku, kamar kansar ko HIV.

Kwararka na iya amfani da gwajin serology don gano tularemia. Wannan gwajin yana neman takamaiman kwayar cutar da jikinku ya kirkira don yaƙar kamuwa da cutar.

Saboda gwajin farko ba koyaushe yake gano kwayoyin cuta ba, likitanku na iya son tattara samfurin zuwa al'ada a cikin lab. Ana iya ɗaukar samfura daga:

• fata
• ƙwayoyin lymph
• pleural ruwa (ruwa daga pleurae a cikin kirji rami)
• ruwan kashin baya

Jiyya don tularemia

Kowane lamari na tularemia ana bi da shi gwargwadon fasalinsa da tsananin sa. Sanarwar farko ta ba da izinin magani kai tsaye tare da maganin rigakafi.

Magungunan rigakafi wanda za'a iya amfani dasu don magance tularemia sun hada da:

• ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
• doxycycline (Doryx)
• gentamicin
• streptomycin

Ana iya buƙatar yin aikin tiyata don magudanar kumburin lymph nodes ko don yanke nama mai cutar daga miki na fata. Hakanan za'a iya ba ku magunguna don zazzaɓi ko alamun ciwon kai.

Hana tularemia

Rigakafin ya ƙunshi ɗaukar matakan kiyaye lafiya na asali. Kwayoyin suna bunkasa a cikin datti.Barkewar wannan cuta a wuraren farauta lokacin da mafarauta suka kasa aiwatar da hanyoyin tsaftace lafiya da kuma gurbata kayayyakinsu.

Don tsabtace dabbobi lokacin farauta, yakamata ku kiyaye wadannan hanyoyin:

• Kar a sanya fata ko sutura (cire gabobin) kowace dabba da ta bayyana ba ta da lafiya.
• Sanya safar hannu da tabarau yayin sarrafa kowace dabba.
• Wanke hannuwanku da kyau bayan an taɓa dabba.
• Ki dafa naman sosai.

Anan ga 'yan nasihu don rage yawan hatsarin kamuwa da cutar tularemia:

• Sanye dogon wando da hannaye a cikin daji don taimakawa hana cizon cizon.
• Kiyaye dabba yaci abinci ko ruwa.
• Guji shan ruwa daga tabkuna ko tafkuna.
• Kare dabbobinku na waje da ƙwara da magungunan cakulkuli.
• Yi amfani da maganin kwari.

Tularemia yana da sauƙi aerosolized. Saboda wannan, yana iya zama mai yuwuwar zama wakili na ta'addanci a cewar. Koyaya, kuna iya kamuwa da cutar daga saduwa da dabba.

Ya kamata ku yi magana da likitanka nan da nan idan kuna tunanin kuna da tularemia.

Dubawa don tularemia

Hangenka na tularemia ya dogara da tsananin yanayin da saurin saurin fara karbar magani. Asibiti ya zama ruwan dare a lokuta da dama.

Idan kuna tunanin kuna da tularemia, ku ga likitanku nan da nan. Jinkirta cikin ganewar asali zai haifar da munanan alamu.