Rushewar bawan mitral

Rushewar bawul na mitral matsala ce ta zuciya wanda ya shafi mitral bawul, wanda ya raba manya da ƙananan dakunan hagu na zuciya. A wannan yanayin, bawul din baya rufewa kullum.

Bugun mitral yana taimakawa jini a gefen hagu na zuciya yana kwarara zuwa hanya guda. Yana rufewa don kiyaye jini daga motsawa baya lokacin da zuciya ta buga (kwangila).

Rushewar bawan mitral lokaci ne da ake amfani dashi lokacin da bawul din bai rufe da kyau ba. Abubuwa daban-daban na iya haifar da shi.

A mafi yawan lokuta, bashi da lahani. Matsalar gabaɗaya baya shafar lafiyar kuma yawancin mutane da yanayin basu san shi ba. A cikin wasu ƙananan lamura, zubar da jini na iya haifar da jini zubar baya. Wannan ana kiransa mitral regurgitation.

Rushewar bawul na mitral sau da yawa yana shafar mata mata masu sihiri waɗanda ƙila suna da ƙananan nakasar bangon kirji, scoliosis, ko wasu rikice-rikice. Wasu nau'ikan yaduwar bawul na mitral kamar ana samunsu ta hanyar dangi (wadanda aka gada).

Hakanan ana ganin yaduwar bawul na mitral tare da wasu cututtukan nama masu haɗi irin su cutar Marfan da sauran cututtukan kwayoyin cuta.

Hakanan wani lokacin ana ganin shi a keɓe a cikin mutanen da ba na al'ada bane.

Mutane da yawa tare da ɓarkewar mitral ba su da alamomi. Wani rukuni na bayyanar cututtukan da ake samu a wasu lokuta a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ɓarkewar mitral ana kiransa "mitral valve prolapse syndrome," kuma ya haɗa da:

• Ciwon kirji (ba wanda ya haifar da cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya ko bugun zuciya ba)
• Dizziness
• Gajiya
• Harin tsoro
• Jin azancin bugun zuciya (bugun zuciya)
• Arancin numfashi tare da aiki ko lokacin kwance (orthopnea)

Hakikanin dangantaka tana tsakanin waɗannan alamun alamun kuma matsalar bawul din bata bayyana ba. Wasu daga cikin binciken na iya zama kwatsam.

Lokacin da mitral regurgitation ya auku, alamun cututtuka na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da zubewa, musamman lokacin mai tsanani.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi amfani da stethoscope don sauraron zuciyar ku da huhu. Mai ba da sabis ɗin na iya jin wani nishaɗi (jijjiga) a kan zuciya kuma ya ji gunaguni na zuciya da ƙarin sauti (matsakaicin matsakaici). Gunaguni yawanci yakan daɗe da ƙarfi lokacin da kake tsaye.

Hawan jini mafi yawanci al'ada.

Echocardiogram shine mafi yawan gwajin da ake amfani dashi don tantance ɓarkewar mitral bawul. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da gwaje-gwajen masu zuwa don bincika ɓarkewar ɓarkewar mitral ko kuma bawul ɗin mitral mai laushi ko rikitarwa daga waɗancan yanayin:

• Cardiac catheterization
• Kirjin x-ray
• Zuciyar CT
• ECG (na iya nuna arrhythmias kamar su atrial fibrillation)
• Binciken MRI na zuciya

Yawancin lokaci, akwai 'yan kaɗan ko babu alamun bayyanar kuma ba a buƙatar magani.

A baya, yawancin mutane masu matsalar bawul din zuciya an basu maganin rigakafi kafin aikin hakori ko hanyoyin kamar su maganin ta hanji don hana kamuwa da cuta a cikin zuciya. Koyaya, ana amfani da maganin rigakafi sau da yawa sau da yawa. Duba tare da mai ba ku sabis don ganin ko kuna buƙatar maganin rigakafi.

Akwai magungunan zuciya da yawa waɗanda za a iya amfani dasu don magance ɓangarorin wannan yanayin. Koyaya, yawancin mutane bazai buƙatar kowane magani ba. Kuna iya buƙatar tiyata don gyara ko maye gurbin bawul ɗin ku na mitral idan ya zama mai laushi (regurgitation), kuma idan rashin lafiyar yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. Koyaya, wannan bazai faru ba. Kuna iya buƙatar gyaran bawul na mitral ko sauyawa idan:

• Alamunka na daɗa ta'azzara.
• Hannun hagu na zuciyarka ya faɗaɗa.
• Aikin zuciyarka ya kara tabarbarewa.

Yawancin lokaci, zubar mitral bawul ba shi da lahani kuma baya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka. Kwayar cututtukan da ke faruwa za a iya bi da su tare da magani ko tiyata.

Wasu bugun zuciya da ba na al'ada ba (arrhythmias) a cikin mutanen da ke kwararar mitral bawul na iya zama barazanar rai. Idan kwararar bawul din ta zama mai tsanani, ra'ayinku na iya zama kama da na mutanen da ke da tsauraran matakai daga kowane dalili.

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da:

• Rashin jin daɗin kirji, bugun zuciya, ko sihiri da ke taɓarɓarewa
• Rashin lafiya na dogon lokaci tare da zazzaɓi

Barlow ciwo; Floppy mitral bawul; Myxomatous mitral bawul; Billowing mitral bawul; Systolic click-murmur ciwo; Prolapsing mitral ciwon ciwo; Jin zafi - mitral valve prolapse

• Tiyata bawul na zuciya - fitarwa

• Rushewar bawan mitral
• Tiyata bawul na zuciya - jerin

Carabello BA. Ciwon zuciya na rashin lafiya. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 66.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA / ACC ta ƙaddamar da sabuntawa na jagorancin 2014 AHA / ACC don kula da marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya: rahoto na Kwalejin Kwalejin Cardiology ta Amurka / Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka a kan Sharuɗɗan Ayyukan Clinical. Kewaya. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.

Thomas JD, Bonow RO. Mitral bawul cuta. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 69.