Rabawar Aortic

Rabawar aortic wani mummunan yanayi ne wanda akwai hawaye a bangon babbar jijiyar dake ɗauke da jini daga zuciya (aorta). Yayinda hawaye ya faɗi tare da bangon aorta, jini na iya gudana a tsakanin yadudduka bangon jijiyoyin jini (rarrabawa). Wannan na iya haifar da fashewar aortic ko rage gudan jini (ischemia) zuwa ga gabobi.

Idan ya fita daga zuciya, aorta zai fara motsawa ta cikin kirji zuwa kai (aorta mai hawa sama). Daga nan sai ya tanƙwara ko ya baka, daga ƙarshe ya gangara ta cikin kirji da ciki (aorta mai saukowa).

Rabawar aortic galibi yana faruwa ne saboda tsagewa ko lalacewar bangon ciki na aorta. Wannan yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar (thoracic) na jijiyar, amma kuma yana iya faruwa a cikin aorta na ciki.

Lokacin da hawaye ya faru, yana ƙirƙirar tashoshi 2:

• Wanda jini ke ci gaba da tafiya a ciki
• Wani inda jini yake tsayawa

Idan tashar da jini mara tafiya tayi girma, zata iya turawa akan sauran rassan aorta. Wannan na iya rage sauran rassan kuma rage gudan jini ta cikinsu.

Hakanan rarrabawar aortic shima na iya haifar da fadadawar mahaukaci ko juyawar aorta (aneurysm).

Ba a san ainihin dalilin ba, amma haɗarin da ya fi na kowa sun haɗa da:

• Tsufa
• Atherosclerosis
• Raunin rauni a kirji, kamar buga sitiyarin mota yayin haɗari
• Hawan jini

Sauran abubuwan haɗarin da yanayin da ke da alaƙa da rarrabawar jijiyoyin jiki sun haɗa da:

• Bicuspid aortic bawul
• Coarctation (kunkuntar) aorta
• Cutar cututtukan haɗin kai (kamar su cutar Marfan da Ehlers-Danlos ciwo) da kuma rikicewar rikicewar kwayar halitta
• Yin aikin tiyata na zuciya
• Ciki
• Kumburin jijiyoyin jini saboda yanayi irin su arteritis da syphilis

Rabawar aortic yana faruwa kusan 2 cikin kowane mutum 10,000. Zai iya shafar kowa, amma galibi ana ganin sa cikin maza masu shekaru 40 zuwa 70.

A mafi yawan lokuta, bayyanar cututtukan suna farawa farat ɗaya, kuma sun haɗa da tsananin ciwon kirji. Ciwo na iya zama kamar bugun zuciya.

• Za a iya kwatanta ciwo azaman kaifi, soka, yagewa, ko yagewa.
• Ana jinsa ƙasa da ƙashin kirji, sa'annan ya motsa ƙarƙashin ƙyallen kafaɗa ko zuwa baya.
• Ciwo zai iya motsawa zuwa kafaɗa, wuya, hannu, muƙamuƙi, ciki, ko kwatangwalo.
• Ciwo yana canza wuri, sau da yawa yana motsawa zuwa hannaye da ƙafafu yayin da rarraba aortic ke ƙara muni.

Ana haifar da cututtukan ta hanyar raguwar jini da ke gudana zuwa sauran jiki, kuma zai iya haɗawa da:

• Damuwa da jin azaba
• Sumewa ko jiri
• Gumi mai nauyi (fata mai laushi)
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Fata mai haske (mai launi)
• Rapid, rauni bugun jini
• Rashin numfashi da matsalar numfashi lokacin kwanciya kwance (orthopnea)

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Jin zafi a ciki
• Alamun shanyewar jiki
• Matsalar haɗiyewa daga matsin lamba akan esophagus

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai ɗauki tarihin dangin ku kuma ya saurari zuciyar ku, huhu, da cikin ku tare da stethoscope. Jarabawar na iya samun:

• Gunaguni mai “busawa” game da aorta, gunaguni na zuciya, ko wasu sauti mara kyau
• Bambanci a bugun jini tsakanin hannun dama da na hagu, ko tsakanin makamai da ƙafa
• Pressureananan hawan jini
• Alamomi masu kama da ciwon zuciya
• Alamomin gigicewa, amma tare da hawan jini na al'ada

Ana iya ganin rarrabawar aortic ko kuma jijiyoyin wuya a ranar:

• Aortic angiography
• Kirjin x-ray
• Chest MRI
• CT scan na kirji tare da rini
• Doppler ultrasonography (lokaci-lokaci ana yin sa)
• Echocardiogram
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)

Ana buƙatar aikin jini don kawar da bugun zuciya.

Rabawar aortic yanayi ne na barazanar rai kuma yana buƙatar kulawa nan take.

• Yanayin da ke faruwa a sashin aorta wanda yake barin zuciya (hawan sama) ana bi da shi ta hanyar tiyata.
• Yanayin da ke faruwa a wasu sassan aorta (saukowa) ana iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar tiyata ko magunguna.

Za a iya amfani da fasahohi biyu don tiyata:

• Daidaita, aikin tiyata Wannan yana buƙatar raunin tiyata wanda aka sanya a cikin kirji ko ciki.
• Gyaran jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki Wannan tiyatar ana yinta ne ba tare da wani babban tiyata ba.

Ana iya ba da magungunan da ke rage hawan jini. Wadannan kwayoyi ana iya basu ta wata jijiya (ta jijiya). Beta-blockers sune magunguna na farko da aka zaba. Ana buƙatar sauƙaƙan ciwo mai ƙarfi sosai.

Idan bawul aortic ya lalace, ana buƙatar maye gurbin bawul. Idan jijiyoyin zuciya suka shiga, to ana kuma yin aikin magudanar jini.

Tsarin aortic yana barazanar rai. Ana iya sarrafa yanayin ta hanyar yin tiyata idan aka yi shi kafin aorta ta fashe. Kasa da rabin mutanen da ke fama da fashewar aorta suna rayuwa.

Waɗanda suka rayu za su buƙaci tsawon rai, maganin cutar hawan jini. Suna buƙatar bin su CT scans kowane monthsan watanni kaɗan don sa ido aorta.

Rabawar aortic na iya ragewa ko dakatar da yaduwar jini zuwa sassa daban daban na jiki. Wannan na iya haifar da matsalolin gajere ko na dogon lokaci, ko lalacewar:

• Brain
• Zuciya
• Hanji ko hanji
• Kodan
• Kafafu

Idan kuna da alamun bayyanar raunin aortic ko ciwo mai tsanani, kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa ta gida, ko je ɗakin gaggawa da sauri.

Ba za a iya hana yawancin lamura na rarraba aortic ba.

Abubuwan da zaku iya yi don rage haɗarinku sun haɗa da:

• Kulawa da kula da tauraruwar jijiyoyi (atherosclerosis)
• Kula da cutar hawan jini a cikin sarrafawa, musamman idan kuna cikin haɗarin rarrabawa
• Preaukar matakan kariya don hana raunin da zai iya haifar da rarrabawa
• Idan an gano ku tare da cutar Marfan ko Ehlers-Danlos, tabbatar kuna bin-kullun tare da mai ba ku

Aortic aneurysm - rarrabawa; Ciwon kirji - rarraba aortic; Thoracic aortic aneurysm - rarrabawa

• Rushewar azaba - x-ray
• Ciwon mara
• Rabawar Aortic

Braverman AC, Schermerhorn M. Cututtuka na aorta. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann, DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 63.

Conrad MF, Cambria RP. Tsarin aortic: epidemiology, pathophysiology, gabatarwar asibiti, da kuma kula da lafiya da tiyata. A cikin: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, eds. Rutherford's Vascular Surgery da Endovascular Far. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 81.

Lederle FA. Cututtukan aorta. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 69.