Iomuntataccen cututtukan zuciya

Iomuntataccen bugun zuciya yana nufin saitin canje-canje game da yadda tsokar zuciya ke aiki. Wadannan canje-canjen suna sanya zuciya ta cika da kyau (yafi yawaita) ko matsi mara kyau (mafi ƙaranci). Wani lokaci, duka matsalolin suna nan.

A cikin yanayin ƙuntataccen bugun zuciya, jijiyar zuciya tana da girma ko kuma faɗaɗa ta dan yi. Mafi yawan lokuta, shi ma yana yin famfunan al'ada. Koyaya, baya nutsuwa kullum yayin tsakanin bugun zuciya lokacin da jini ya dawo daga jiki (diastole).

Kodayake babban matsalar ita ce cikawar zuciya ba daidai ba, amma zuciya na iya ba ta buga jini da karfi lokacin da cutar ta ci gaba. Aikin zuciya mara kyau zai iya shafar huhu, hanta, da sauran tsarin jiki. Iomuntataccen cututtukan zuciya na iya shafar ɗayan ɗakunan ƙananan zuciya (ƙwararrakin zuciya). Iomuntataccen cututtukan zuciya yanayi ne mai wuya. Mafi yawan dalilan sune amyloidosis da tabon zuciya daga dalilin da ba'a sani ba. Hakanan zai iya faruwa bayan dasawar zuciya.

Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya sun hada da:

• Amyloidosis na Cardiac
• Ciwon zuciya na Carcinoid
• Cututtukan da ke ruftawar zuciya (endocardium), kamar su endomyocardial fibrosis da Loeffler syndrome (rare)
• Overara ƙarfe (hemochromatosis)
• Sarcoidosis
• Yin rauni bayan radiation ko chemotherapy
• Scleroderma
• Ciwan zuciya

Kwayar cututtukan zuciya sun fi yawa. Wadannan cututtukan suna saurin bunkasa a hankali kan lokaci. Koyaya, bayyanar cututtuka wani lokacin sukan fara ba zato ba tsammani kuma suna da tsanani.

Alamun gama gari sune:

• Tari
• Matsalar numfashi da ke faruwa da dare, tare da aiki ko lokacin kwance
• Gajiya da rashin motsa jiki
• Rashin ci
• Kumburin ciki
• Kumburin kafafu da idon sawun
• Ba daidai ba ko bugun sauri

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon kirji
• Rashin maida hankali
• Urinearancin fitsari
• Bukatar yin fitsari da dare (a manya)

Gwajin jiki na iya nuna:

• Ara girma (damuwa) ko jijiyoyin wuya
• Liverara hanta
• Farkon huhu da sautin mahaukaci ko nesa na zuciya a cikin kirji wanda aka ji ta cikin stethoscope
• Backuparin ruwa cikin hannu da ƙafa
• Alamomin gazawar zuciya

Gwaje-gwaje don hana cututtukan zuciya sun haɗa da:

• Cardiac catheterization da jijiyoyin jini angiography
• Kirjin CT
• Kirjin x-ray
• ECG (lantarki)
• Echocardiogram da binciken Doppler
• MRI na zuciya
• Binciken zuciya na nukiliya (MUGA, RNV)
• Nazarin baƙin ƙarfe
• Jarabawa da gwajin furotin

Iomuntataccen cututtukan zuciya na iya bayyana kama da pericarditis mai rikitarwa. Cardiac catheterization na iya taimakawa wajen tabbatar da ganewar asali. Ba da daɗewa ba, ana iya buƙatar biopsy na zuciya.

Halin da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya yana magance lokacin da za'a iya samun sa.

Treatmentsananan jiyya sanannu suna aiki da kyau don hana ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Babban makasudin magani shine kula da bayyanar cututtuka da inganta rayuwar rayuwa.

Ana iya amfani da waɗannan magungunan don sarrafa alamun ko hana matsaloli:

• Magungunan rage jini
• Chemotherapy (a wasu yanayi)
• Diuretics don cire ruwa kuma yana taimakawa inganta numfashi
• Magunguna don hana ko sarrafa yawan motsawar zuciya
• Steroids ko chemotherapy don wasu dalilai

Ana iya yin dashen zuciya idan aikin zuciya ya kasance mara kyau sosai kuma alamomin suna da tsanani.

Mutanen da ke da wannan yanayin sau da yawa sukan kamu da ciwon zuciya wanda ke taɓarɓarewa. Matsaloli tare da bugun zuciya ko "leaky" bawul ɗin zuciya na iya faruwa.

Mutanen da ke da cututtukan zuciya na iya zama 'yan takarar dasa zuciya. Hangen nesa ya dogara da dalilin yanayin, amma yawanci ba shi da kyau. Rayuwa bayan ganewar asali na iya wuce shekaru 10.

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan kuna da alamun bayyanar cututtukan zuciya.

Cardiomyopathy - ƙuntatawa; Iltwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa; Idiopathic myocardial fibrosis

• Zuciya - sashi ta tsakiya
• Zuciya - gaban gani

Falk RH, Hershberger RE. Latedarfafawa, ƙuntatawa, da infiltrative cardiomyopathies. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 77.

McKenna WJ, Elliott PM. Cututtuka na myocardium da endocardium. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 54.