Achalasia

Bututun da ke ɗaukar abinci daga baki zuwa ciki shi ne esophagus ko bututun abinci. Achalasia yana sanya wuya ga esophagus don motsa abinci zuwa cikin ciki.

Akwai zobe na muscular a wurin da hanta da ciki suke haduwa. An kira shi ƙananan ƙwararren ƙwararru (LES). A yadda aka saba, wannan tsoka tana hutawa lokacin da kuka haɗiye don ba da damar abinci ya wuce cikin ciki. A cikin mutanen da ke da achalasia, ba ya hucewa kamar yadda ya kamata. Bugu da ƙari, aikin tsoka na al'ada na esophagus (peristalsis) ya ragu ko ba ya nan.

Wannan matsalar ta samo asali ne daga lalacewar jijiyoyin hanta.

Sauran matsalolin na iya haifar da irin wannan alamomin, kamar su kansar hanta ko na ciki, da kuma kamuwa da cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar Chagas.

Achalasia ba safai ba. Zai iya faruwa a kowane zamani, amma ya fi yawa a cikin mutane masu shekaru 25 zuwa 60. A wasu mutane, matsalar na iya zama gado.

Kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Backflow (regurgitation) na abinci
• Jin zafi na kirji, wanda ƙila zai iya ƙaruwa bayan cin abinci, ko kuma a ji shi azaman ciwo a baya, wuya, da hannu
• Tari
• Matsalar haɗiye kayan ruwa da daskararru
• Bwannafi
• Rashin nauyi mara nauyi

Gwajin jiki na iya nuna alamun ƙarancin jini ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Gwajin sun hada da:

• Manometry, gwaji ne don auna idan esophagus ɗinsa yana aiki daidai.
• EGD ko endoscopy na sama, gwaji don bincika rufin ciki da esophagus. Yana amfani da bututu mai sassauƙa da kyamara.
• Babban GI x-ray.

Manufar magani ita ce rage matsin lamba a cikin tsoka mai juyawa kuma a bar abinci da ruwa su wuce cikin ciki cikin sauƙi. Far na iya ƙunsar:

• Allura da ƙwayoyin botulinum (Botox) - Wannan na iya taimakawa shakatar da tsokar mahaifa. Koyaya, fa'idar ta ƙare a cikin weeksan makonni ko watanni.
• Magunguna, kamar su nitrates mai aiki na tsawon lokaci ko masu toshe tashar tashar alli - Ana iya amfani da waɗannan ƙwayoyin don shakata ƙananan ƙashin ƙugu. Amma ba safai ake samun dogon lokaci ba don magance achalasia.
• Yin aikin tiyata (wanda ake kira da suna myotomy) - A wannan aikin, an yanke tsoka mai ƙwanƙwasa.
• Widening (dilation) na esophagus - Ana yin wannan yayin EGD ta hanyar shimfiɗa LES tare da dilator din balloon.

Mai ba ku kiwon lafiya zai iya taimaka muku yanke shawarar wane magani ne mafi kyau a gare ku.

Sakamakon tiyata da magungunan marasa magani suna kama. Fiye da ɗayan jiyya wasu lokuta ya zama dole.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Gudun baya (regurgitation) na acid ko abinci daga ciki zuwa cikin esophagus (reflux)
• Buga abin da ke cikin abinci cikin huhu (buri), wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon huhu
• Hawaye (perforation) na esophagus

Kira mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna da matsala haɗiye ko haɗiye mai zafi
• Kwayoyin ku na ci gaba, har ma da maganin achalasia

Ba za a iya hana yawancin abubuwan da ke haifar da achalasia ba. Koyaya, magani na iya taimakawa wajen hana rikitarwa.

Esophageal achalasia; Matsalar haɗiye abubuwa masu ruwa da ƙarfi; Cardiospasm - ƙananan sphinm sphincter spasm

• Tsarin narkewa
• Tsarin gastrointestinal na sama
• Achalasia - jerin

Falk GW, Katzka DA. Cututtukan hanta. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 129.

Hamer PW, Lamban Rago PJ. Gudanar da achalasia da sauran rikicewar motsi na esophagus. A cikin: Griffin SM, Lamb PJ, eds. Yin aikin tiyata na Oesophagogastric: Aboki ne na urgicalwararren Tiyata na Musamman. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: sura 16.

Pandolfino JE, Kahrilas PJ. Ayyukan neuromuscular da ke motsa jiki da rikicewar motsi. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da Cututtukan Cutar hanta da na Fordtran. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 43.