Malabsorption

Malabsorption ya hada da matsaloli tare da karfin jiki na karbar (sha) abubuwan gina jiki daga abinci.

Yawancin cututtuka na iya haifar da malabsorption. Mafi yawan lokuta, malabsorption yana tattare da matsalolin shan wasu sugars, kitse, sunadarai, ko bitamin. Hakanan yana iya haɗawa da cikakkiyar matsala ta shayarwar abinci.

Matsaloli ko lalacewa ga ƙaramar hanji wanda ka iya haifar da matsaloli masu ɗauke da muhimman abubuwan gina jiki. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Celiac cuta
• Tropical sprue
• Crohn cuta
• Ciwon mara
• Lalacewa daga magungunan radiation
• Cunkushe ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙananan hanji
• Cutar parasite ko kamuwa da cuta
• Yin aikin tiyata wanda yake cire duka ko ɓangaren ƙaramin hanji

Sinadaran enzymes wadanda yankakke ke samarwa suna taimakawa wajen shayar da mai da sauran abubuwan gina jiki. Raguwar waɗannan enzymes ɗin yana sanya wahalar shayar da mai da wasu abubuwan gina jiki. Matsaloli tare da ganyayyaki na iya haifar da:

• Cystic fibrosis
• Cututtuka ko kumburin kumburin mara
• Bala'i ga pancreas
• Yin aikin tiyata don cire wani ɓangare na pancreas

Wasu daga cikin sauran dalilan rashin aikin malabsorption sun hada da:

• AIDS da HIV
• Wasu magunguna (tetracycline, wasu antacids, wasu magunguna da ake amfani dasu don magance kiba, colchicine, acarbose, phenytoin, cholestyramine)
• Gastrectomy da maganin tiyata don kiba
• Cutar Cholestasis
• Ciwon hanta na kullum
• Rashin haƙuri na furotin madara
• Rashin haƙuri na furotin madara

A cikin yara, nauyin yanzu ko ƙimar karɓar nauyi sau da yawa ya fi na sauran yara masu kamanceceniya da jima'i. Wannan ana kiransa rashin cin nasara. Yaron bazai yi girma ba kuma ba zai ci gaba ba.

Manya na iya zama da gazawa don bunƙasa, tare da rage nauyi, ɓarna tsoka, rauni, har ma da matsalolin tunani.

Canje-canje a cikin kujerun galibi ana gabatar dasu, amma ba koyaushe bane.

Canje-canje a cikin kujerun na iya haɗawa da:

• Kumburi, matsewa, da iskar gas
• Kyananan kujeru
• Ciwon mara na kullum
• Matsakaicin kitse (steatorrhea)

Mai kula da lafiyar ku zai yi gwaji. Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Gwajin jini da fitsari
• CT scan na ciki
• Gwajin numfashi na hydrogen
• MR ko CT zane-zane
• Schilling gwaji don rashi bitamin B12
• Gwajin gwaji na sirri
• Psyaramin ƙwaƙwalwar ciki
• Al'adar kwalliya ko al'adar ƙaramar hanji
• Gwajin kitso
• X-ray na ƙananan hanji ko wasu gwajin hoto

Jiyya ya dogara da dalilin kuma yana nufin kawar da bayyanar cututtuka da tabbatar da jiki ya sami isasshen abubuwan gina jiki.

Za'a iya gwada abinci mai yawan kalori. Ya kamata ya samar:

• Babban bitamin da ma'adanai, kamar baƙin ƙarfe, folic acid, da bitamin B12
• Isasshen carbohydrates, sunadarai, da mai

Idan ana buƙata, ana yin allurar wasu bitamin da ma'adinai ko abubuwan haɓaka na musamman. Waɗanda ke da lahani a cikin pancreas na iya buƙatar ɗaukar enzymes na pancreatic. Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai tsara waɗannan idan ya cancanta.

Ana iya gwada magunguna don rage saurin motsin hanji. Wannan na iya ba da damar abinci ya ci gaba da zama a cikin hanji.

Idan jiki ba zai iya shan isasshen abinci mai gina jiki ba, za a gwada cikakken abinci mai gina jiki na iyaye (TPN). Zai taimaka muku ko yaranku samun abinci mai gina jiki daga wata dabara ta musamman ta cikin jijiya a jiki. Mai ba ku sabis zai zaɓi adadin adadin kuzari da maganin TPN. Wani lokaci, zaku iya ci ku sha yayin samun abinci mai gina jiki daga TPN.

Hangen nesa ya dogara da abin da ke haifar da malabsorption.

Malabsorption na dogon lokaci na iya haifar da:

• Anemia
• Duwatsu masu tsakuwa
• Dutse na koda
• Kasusuwa masu rauni da rauni

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun rashin daidaituwa.

Rigakafin ya dogara da yanayin da ke haifar da malabsorption.

• Tsarin narkewa
• Cystic fibrosis
• Gabobin tsarin narkewar abinci

Högenauer C, Guduma HF. Maldigestion da malabsorption. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da Cututtukan Cutar hanta da na Fordtran. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 104.

Semrad CE. Gabatarwa ga mai haƙuri tare da gudawa da malabsorption. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 131.