Ciwon Cushing

Cutar Cushing cuta ce da ke faruwa yayin da jikinku ke da babban matakin hormone cortisol.

Babban dalilin da ya sa ake fama da cutar Cushing shine shan maganin glucocorticoid da yawa ko maganin corticosteroid. Wannan nau'ikan ciwo na Cushing ana kiransa da larurar Cushing. Prednisone, dexamethasone, da prednisolone su ne misalan wannan nau'in magani. Glucocorticoids suna kwaikwayon aikin kwayar halittar jikin mutum ta cortisol. Ana amfani da waɗannan magungunan don magance yanayi da yawa kamar asma, kumburin fata, ciwon daji, cututtukan hanji, ciwon haɗin gwiwa, da cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid.

Sauran mutane suna ci gaba da ciwon Cushing saboda jikinsu yana samar da cortisol mai yawa. Wannan hormone ana yin sa ne a cikin gland adrenal. Abubuwan da ke haifar da yawan cortisol sune:

• Cutar Cushing, wanda ke faruwa lokacin da glandon ke haifar da yawa daga hormone adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). ACTH sannan tayi sigina ga gland don samar da cortisol mai yawa. Ciwon gland na pituitary na iya haifar da wannan yanayin.
• Tumor na adrenal gland
• Tumor a wani wuri a cikin jiki wanda ke samar da kwayar halitta mai sakin corticotropin (CRH)
• Tumurai a wasu wurare a cikin jiki wanda ke samar da ACTH (ectopic Cushing syndrome)

Kwayar cutar ta bambanta. Ba duk wanda ke da cutar Cushing ke da alamomin guda ɗaya ba. Wasu mutane suna da alamomi da yawa yayin da wasu basu da wata alama.

Yawancin mutane da ke fama da cutar Cushing suna da:

• Zagaye, ja, cike da fuska (fuskar wata)
• Saurin girma (a cikin yara)
• Rage nauyi tare da tara kitse a jikin akwati, amma asarar mai daga hannu, kafafu, da gindi (tsakiyar kiba)

Canje-canje na fata na iya haɗawa da:

• Cututtukan fata
• Alamar madaidaiciya mai tsayi (inci 1/2 ko inci 1 ko mafi faɗi) da ake kira striae akan fatar ciki, hannayen sama, cinyoyi, da nono
• Fata mai laushi tare da rauni mai sauƙi (musamman akan makamai da hannaye)

Muscle da kashi canje-canje sun hada da:

• Ciwon baya, wanda ke faruwa tare da ayyukan yau da kullun
• Ciwon ƙashi ko taushi
• Tarin kitse tsakanin kafadu da kasusuwa na sama
• Rib da kasusuwa na kashin baya wanda aka samu sakamakon siririn kasusuwa
• Musclesarfin tsokoki, musamman na kwatangwalo da kafaɗu

Canje-canje na jiki (na tsari) sun haɗa da:

• Rubuta ciwon sukari na 2
• Hawan jini (hauhawar jini)
• Choara yawan cholesterol da triglycerides (hyperlipidemia)

Mata masu fama da ciwo na Cushing na iya samun:

• Ci gaban gashi da yawa a fuska, wuya, kirji, ciki, da cinyoyi
• Lokutan da suka zama marasa tsari ko tsayawa

Maza na iya samun:

• Rage ko babu sha'awar yin jima'i (low libido)
• Matsalar tashin hankali

Sauran alamun da zasu iya faruwa tare da wannan cuta:

• Canje-canjen tunani, kamar ɓacin rai, damuwa, ko canje-canje a ɗabi'a
• Gajiya
• Ciwon kai
• Thirstarin ƙishirwa da fitsari

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun ku da magungunan da kuke sha. Faɗa wa mai bayarwa game da duk magungunan da kuka sha na watanni da suka gabata. Har ila yau gaya wa mai bayarwa game da harbe-harben da kuka karɓa a ofishin mai bayarwa.

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da za a iya yi don gano cutar ta Cushing da gano dalilin su ne:

• Matakan cortisol na jini
• Sugar jini
• Matsayin cortisol
• Dexamethasone danniya gwajin
• Fitsarin awa 24 don cortisol da creatinine
• ACTH matakin
• Gwajin motsa jiki na ACTH (a cikin wasu lokuta)

Gwaje-gwaje don sanin musababbin ko rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da:

• CT na ciki
• Matsayi na MRI
• Yawan ma'adinai na ƙashi

Jiyya ya dogara da dalilin.

Cutar Cushing da aka haifar ta amfani da corticosteroid:

• Mai ba ku sabis zai umurce ku da rage sanyin magani a hankali. Dakatar da maganin kwatsam na iya zama haɗari.
• Idan ba za ku iya daina shan maganin ba saboda cuta, ya kamata a kula da hawan jini mai yawa, yawan matakan cholesterol, da rage ƙashi ko ƙashi.

Tare da ciwo na Cushing wanda cutar sankara ta haifar ko ciwan da ke sakin ACTH (Cushing cuta), zaku buƙaci:

• Tiyata don cire ƙari
• Radiation bayan cirewar ƙwayar cuta (a wasu lokuta)
• Cortisol maye gurbin bayan tiyata
• Magunguna don maye gurbin homonin pituitary wanda ya zama rashi
• Magunguna don hana jiki yin cortisol mai yawa

Tare da ciwo na Cushing saboda cututtukan cututtukan ciki, ƙwanƙwasawa, ko wasu ciwace-ciwace:

• Kuna iya buƙatar tiyata don cire kumburin.
• Idan ba za a iya cire kumburin ba, kuna iya buƙatar magunguna don taimakawa wajen toshe fitowar cortisol.

Cire ƙwayar cuta na iya haifar da cikakken dawowa, amma akwai damar cewa yanayin zai dawo.

Rayuwa ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon Cushing wanda ciwace ciwace ya dogara da nau'in ƙari.

Ba a magance shi ba, Ciwon Cushing na iya zama barazanar rai.

Matsalolin kiwon lafiya waɗanda zasu iya haifar da cutar Cushing sun haɗa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon suga
• Ara girman ƙwayar cutar pituitary
• Kashi karaya saboda osteoporosis
• Hawan jini
• Dutse na koda
• Cututtuka masu tsanani

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da alamun cutar Cushing.

Idan ka ɗauki corticosteroid, san alamomi da alamomin cutar Cushing. Yin jiyya da wuri na iya taimakawa hana duk wani tasirin cikin dogon lokaci na ciwon Cushing. Idan kayi amfani da magungunan inha, zaku iya rage tasirin ku ga masu amfani da kwayoyi ta hanyar amfani da wata cuta da kuma kurkurar bakinku bayan numfashi a cikin kwayar.

Hypercortisolism; Cortisol wuce haddi; Glucocorticoid wuce haddi - Cushing ciwo

• Endocrine gland

Nieman LK, Biller BM, Findling JW, et al; Endungiyar Endocrine. Jiyya na ciwo na Cushing: jagorar aikin likita na Endocrine Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 100 (8): 2807-2831. PMID: 26222757 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26222757.

Stewart PM, Newell-Price JDC. Tsarin adrenal. A cikin: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Littafin Williams na Endocrinology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 15.