Ciwon Alport

Ciwon Alport cuta ce ta gado wanda ke lalata ƙananan hanyoyin jini a cikin koda. Hakanan yana haifar da rashin jin magana da matsalar ido.

Ciwon Alport wani nau'in gado ne da aka gada (nephritis). Hakan na faruwa ne ta sanadiyyar nakasawa (maye gurbi) a cikin kwayar halittar sunadarai a cikin kayan hade, wanda ake kira collagen.

Rashin lafiyar yana da wuya. Akwai nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta guda uku:

• X-nasaba da cutar Alport (XLAS) - Wannan shine nau'in da aka fi sani. Cutar ta fi tsanani a kan maza fiye da mata.
• Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome (ARAS) - Maza da mata suna da cuta mai tsanani daidai.
• Autosomal rinjaye Alport ciwo (ADAS) - Wannan shi ne nau'in da ba shi da kyau. Maza da mata suna da cuta mai tsanani daidai.

CIWON KAI

Tare da kowane irin ciwo na Alport ana cutar da koda. Damagedananan hanyoyin jini a cikin glomeruli na koda sun lalace. A glomeruli suna tace jini don yin fitsari da kuma cire abubuwan da suke cikin jini.

Da farko, babu alamun bayyanar. Yawancin lokaci, yayin da glomeruli ke ƙara lalacewa, aikin koda ya ɓace kuma kayayyakin sharar gida da ruwaye suna taruwa a jiki. Yanayin na iya ci gaba zuwa ƙarshen ƙwayar koda (ESRD) a ƙuruciya, tsakanin samartaka da shekaru 40. A wannan gaba, ana bukatar yin dialysis ko dashen koda.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan koda sun hada da:

• Launin fitsari mara kyau
• Jini a cikin fitsari (wanda zai iya tsanantawa ta hanyar cututtukan numfashi na sama ko motsa jiki)
• Ciwon mara
• Hawan jini
• Kumburi cikin jiki

KUNNE

Bayan lokaci, cutar Alport shima yana haifar da rashin jin magana. A farkon samari, ya zama gama gari ga maza masu ɗauke da XLAS, kodayake a cikin mata, rashin jin magana ba abu ne wanda yake faruwa ba kuma yakan faru lokacin da suka balaga. Tare da ARAS, yara maza da mata suna da matsalar rashin sauraro yayin yarinta. Tare da ADAS, yana faruwa daga baya a rayuwa.

Rashin sauraro yawanci na faruwa ne kafin gazawar koda.

IDANU

Ciwon Alport kuma yana haifar da matsalolin ido, gami da:

• Halin tabarau na al'ada (lenticonus na baya), wanda zai haifar da jinkirin raguwar hangen nesa da kuma cutar ido.
• Rushewar jijiyoyin jiki wanda a ciki akwai asarar babban rufin murfin ƙwallon ido, wanda ke haifar da ciwo, ƙaiƙayi, ko jan ido, ko hangen nesa.
• Cutar launi mara kyau na kwayar ido, yanayin da ake kira dot-da-fleck retinopathy. Ba ya haifar da matsalolin hangen nesa, amma zai iya taimakawa wajen gano cutar ta Alport.
• Ramin Macular wanda a ciki akwai karau ko fashewa a cikin macula. Macula wani bangare ne na kwayar ido wanda yake sanya hangen nesa ya zama mai haske da kuma cikakken bayani. Ramin macular yana haifar da hangen nesa na tsakiya ko gurɓatacce.

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai bincika ku kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamunku.

Za a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• BUN da magani creatinine
• Kammala lissafin jini
• Gwajin koda
• Fitsari

Idan mai ba ka sabis ya yi tsammanin kana da cutar Alport, mai yiwuwa kana da gwajin gani da na ji.

Manufofin magani sun hada da sanya ido da shawo kan cutar da kula da alamomin cutar.

Mai ba da sabis naka na iya bayar da shawarar kowane irin mai zuwa:

• Abincin da ke iyakance gishiri, ruwaye, da potassium
• Magunguna don sarrafa hawan jini

Ana gudanar da cututtukan koda ta:

• Shan magunguna dan rage cutar koda
• Abincin da ke iyakance gishiri, ruwaye, da furotin

Za'a iya sarrafa asarar ji da kayan jin. Ana magance matsalolin ido kamar yadda ake buƙata. Misali, ana iya maye gurbin ruwan tabarau mara kyau saboda lenticonus ko cataracts.

Za'a iya bada shawarar bada shawara kan kwayoyin halitta saboda rashin lafiyar an gaji ta.

Waɗannan albarkatun suna ba da ƙarin bayani game da cutar Alport:

• Gidauniyar Cutar Ciwon Alport - www.alportsyndrome.org/about-alport-syndrome
• Gidauniyar Koda ta Kasa - www.kidney.org/atoz/content/alport
• Nationalungiyar forasa don Rare Rashin Lafiya - rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alport-syndrome

Mata galibi suna da tsawon rai ba tare da alamun cutar ba sai jini a cikin fitsarin. A cikin al'amuran da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, mata suna da hawan jini, kumburi, da kuma kurman jijiya kamar rikitar ciki.

A cikin maza, kurame, matsalolin gani, da kuma cutar koda ta ƙarshe suna da shekaru 50.

Yayinda kodan suka gaza, ana bukatar wankin koda ko dashe.

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis idan:

• Kuna da alamun rashin lafiyar Alport
• Kuna da tarihin iyali na cutar Alport kuma kuna shirin samun yara
• Fitsarin fitsarinku yana raguwa ko tsayawa ko kuma kuna ganin jini a cikin fitsarinku (wannan na iya zama alama ce ta cutar koda)

Sanin abubuwan haɗari, kamar tarihin iyali na rashin lafiyar, na iya ba da damar gano yanayin da wuri.

Nephritis na gado; Hematuria - nephropathy - rashin ji; Ciwan familial nephritis; Kuraren gado da nephropathy

• Ciwon jikin koda

Gregory MC. Ciwon Alport da alaƙa da cuta. A cikin: Gilbert SJ, Weiner DE, eds. Farkon Gidauniyar Kidney ta Kasa kan Cututtukan Koda. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 42.

Radhakrishnan J, Appel GB, D'Agati VD. Secondary glomerular cuta. A cikin: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner da Rector na Koda. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 32.

Rheault MN, Kashtan CE. Ciwon Alport da sauran cututtukan iyali na glomerular. A cikin: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, eds. M Clinical Nephrology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 46.