Cutar sankarar jini na yau da kullum (CML)

Myelogenous leukemia (CML) shine ciwon daji wanda ke farawa a cikin ƙashin ƙashi. Wannan shine laushi mai taushi a tsakiyar kasusuwa wanda ke taimakawa samar da dukkanin kwayoyin jini.

CML yana haifar da ci gaban da ba shi da girma na ƙwayoyin cuta da ba su balaga ba da ke yin wani nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar farin jini da ake kira ƙwayoyin myeloid. Kwayoyin cututtukan suna girma a cikin ɓacin kashi da jini.

Dalilin CML yana da alaƙa da chromosome mara kyau wanda ake kira chromosome na Filadelfia.

Fitarwar radiyo na iya ƙara haɗarin haɓaka CML. Radiyon radiyo na iya zama daga maganin raɗaɗɗen da aka yi amfani da su a baya don magance kansar thyroid ko Hodgkin lymphoma ko daga bala'in nukiliya.

Yana ɗaukar shekaru da yawa don inganta cutar sankarar bargo daga fitowar iska. Yawancin mutanen da aka kula da su don cutar kansa tare da radiation ba sa kamuwa da cutar sankarar bargo. Kuma mafi yawan mutane masu cutar CML ba a fallasa su da iska.

CML galibi yana faruwa ne a cikin manya da yara.

An haɗu da cutar sankarar bargo na yau da kullun zuwa matakai:

• Na kullum
• Hanzarta
• Rikicin rikici

Lokaci na yau da kullun na iya wucewa na watanni ko shekaru. Cutar na iya samun 'yan kaɗan ko babu alamun alamun a wannan lokacin. Yawancin mutane ana bincikar su a lokacin wannan matakin, lokacin da suke yin gwajin jini don wasu dalilai.

Lokacin da aka haɓaka shine lokaci mafi haɗari. Kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo suna saurin girma. Kwayar cutar ta yau da kullun sun hada da zazzabi (har ma ba tare da kamuwa da cuta ba), ciwon kashi, da kumburi.

CML da ba a kula da shi ba yana haifar da rikicin rikici. Zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa saboda kashin kashin kashi.

Sauran alamun alamun rikicin fashewar sun haɗa da:

• Isingaramar
• Gumi mai yawa (zufa na dare)
• Gajiya
• Zazzaɓi
• Matsawa ƙarƙashin ƙananan haƙarƙarin hagu daga kumburarriyar mahaifa
• Rash - ƙananan alamun jan launi akan fata (petechiae)
• Rashin ƙarfi

Bincike na jiki yakan nuna kumburin kumburi. Cikakken ƙididdigar jini (CBC) yana nuna ƙarin adadin farin ƙwayoyin jini tare da yawancin siffofin da basu balaga ba da kuma ƙarin adadin platelet. Waɗannan sassan jini ne da ke taimakawa daskarewar jini.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya yi sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin kasusuwa
• Gwajin jini da kashin kashi don kasancewar chromosome na Philadelphia
• Countididdigar platelet

Magunguna waɗanda ke amfani da furotin mara kyau wanda chromosome na Philadelphia yayi shine yawanci magani na farko don CML. Ana iya shan waɗannan magunguna azaman ƙwayoyi. Mutanen da aka bi da waɗannan magungunan sau da yawa sukan shiga gafara da sauri kuma suna iya zama cikin gafarar shekaru da yawa.

Wani lokaci, ana amfani da chemotherapy da farko don rage yawan ƙwanƙolin ƙwanjin jini idan yana da yawa a ganewar asali.

Yanayin rikicin fashewar yana da matukar wahalar magani. Wannan saboda akwai adadi mai yawa na fararen jinin jini wadanda basu balaga ba (kwayoyin cutar sankarar bargo) waɗanda ke da juriya ga magani.

Kadai sanannen magani ga CML shine dashewar kashin kashi, ko dashen dashen kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin mutane, kodayake, basa buƙatar dasawa saboda magungunan da aka sa gaba suna cin nasara. Tattauna abubuwan da kuka zaɓa tare da likitan ilimin likitan ku.

Ku da mai kula da lafiyar ku na iya buƙatar sarrafa wasu batutuwa ko damuwa yayin cutar sankarar jini, gami da:

• Kula da dabbobinku a lokacin cutar sankara
• Matsalar zub da jini
• Cin adadin kuzari lokacin da ba ku da lafiya
• Kumburi da ciwo a bakinka
• Amintaccen abinci yayin maganin cutar kansa

Kuna iya sauƙaƙa damuwar rashin lafiya ta hanyar haɗuwa da ƙungiyar tallafawa kansa. Yin tarayya tare da wasu waɗanda suke da masaniya da matsaloli na yau da kullun na iya taimaka muku kada ku ji ku kaɗai.

Magungunan da aka yi niyya sun inganta ƙwarewar mutane sosai tare da CML. Lokacin da alamu da alamomi na CML suka tafi kuma ƙidayar jini da ƙashin kashin ƙashi suka bayyana na al'ada, ana la'akari da mutum cikin gafara. Yawancin mutane na iya kasancewa cikin gafara har tsawon shekaru yayin kan wannan magani.

Sau da yawa ana ɗauke da ƙwaƙƙwaran kwayar halitta ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙashi a cikin mutanen da cutar ta dawo ko ta yi tsanani yayin shan magunguna na farko. Hakanan ana iya bada shawarar dasawa ga mutanen da suka kamu da cutar a cikin hanzari ko rikicin fashewa.

Rikicin rikici na iya haifar da rikice-rikice, ciki har da kamuwa da cuta, zub da jini, gajiya, zazzabi da ba a sani ba, da matsalolin koda. Chemotherapy na iya samun mummunan sakamako, dangane da magungunan da aka yi amfani da su.

Guji ɗaukar hotuna zuwa radiation idan zai yiwu.

CML; Myeloid cutar sankarar bargo; CGL; Cutar sankarar jini na yau da kullun; Ciwon sankarar bargo - na kullum granulocytic

• Marashin kashin kashi - fitarwa

• Burin kasusuwa
• Gwanin cutar sankarar bargo na yau da kullun - hangen nesa
• Cutar sankarar bargo mai cutarwa
• Cutar sankarar bargo mai cutarwa

Kantarjian H, Cortes J. Cutar cutar sankarar bargo mai cutar kansa. A cikin: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff na Clinical Oncology. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 98.

Yanar gizo Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Magungunan cutar sankarar jini na yau da kullum (PDQ) fasalin ƙwararrun masu kiwon lafiya. www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/cml-treatment-pdq. An sabunta Fabrairu 8, 2019. An shiga Maris 20, 2020.

Yanar gizo Yanar Gizon Cutar Kanjamau ta Kasa. NCCN jagororin aikin likita a cikin ilimin ilimin halittar jiki: (jagororin NCCN). Sigar 3.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cml.pdf. An sabunta Janairu 30, 2020. An shiga Maris 23, 2020.

Radich J. Cutar cutar sankarar bargo mai cutar kansa. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 175.