Botuliyanci

Botulism cuta ce mai saurin gaske amma mummunan cuta ta hanyar Clostridium botulinum kwayoyin cuta. Kwayar cutar na iya shiga cikin jiki ta hanyar rauni, ko kuma cin ta daga abincin gwangwani ko ingantaccen abinci.

Clostridium botulinum ana samun sa a cikin kasa da ruwa mara tsafta a duk duniya. Yana samar da spores wanda ke rayuwa cikin ingantaccen abinci ko abincin gwangwani, inda suke samar da guba. Lokacin cin abinci, koda ƙananan wannan wannan toxin na iya haifar da mummunan guba. Abincin da za'a iya gurbata shi ne kayan lambu na gwangwani na gida, naman alade mai yalwa da naman alade, kyafaffen ko danyen kifi, da zuma ko syrup na masara, dankalin turawa da aka dafa a cikin ganye, ruwan karas, da yankakken tafarnuwa a cikin mai.

Botulism na jarirai yana faruwa lokacin da jariri ya ci spores kuma ƙwayoyin cuta ke girma a cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar ciki na jaririn. Babban abin da ya fi haifar da botulism na jarirai shine cin zuma ko syrup na masara ko amfani da abubuwan kwantar da hankali wadanda aka sanya su da gurbataccen zuma.

Clostridium botulinum ana iya samun sa'annan a cikin matattarar wasu jarirai. Yara jarirai suna samun botulism lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta suka girma a cikin hanjinsu.

Botulism na iya faruwa idan kwayoyin cutar sun shiga raunuka a buɗe kuma suka fitar da gubobi a wurin.

Kimanin shari'o'in 110 na botulism ke faruwa a Amurka kowace shekara. Yawancin shari'ar na jarirai ne.

Kwayar cutar galibi tana bayyana awa 8 zuwa 36 bayan cin abincin da ya gurɓata da toxin. Babu zazzabi tare da wannan kamuwa da cuta.

A cikin manya, alamun cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon ciki
• Matsalar numfashi wanda ka iya haifar da gazawar numfashi
• Matsalar haɗiyewa da magana
• Gani biyu
• Ciwan
• Amai
• Rauni tare da inna (daidai yake a ɓangarorin biyu na jiki)

Kwayar cututtuka a cikin jarirai na iya haɗawa da:

• Maƙarƙashiya
• Rushewa
• Rashin ciyarwa mara kyau da tsotsa mai rauni
• Rashin numfashi
• Kuka mai rauni
• Rashin rauni, asarar sautin tsoka

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Zai iya zama alamun:

• Rashin ragowa ko raguwa
• Ba ya nan ko raguwar aikin gag
• Fatar ido na faduwa
• Rashin aikin tsoka, farawa daga saman jiki da motsawa ƙasa
• Shanyayyun hanji
• Lalacewar magana
• Rike fitsarin tare da rashin yin fitsari
• Duban gani
• Babu zazzabi

Ana iya yin gwajin jini don gano guba. Hakanan za'a iya ba da umarnin al'adar bahaya. Ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje akan abincin da ake zargi don tabbatar da botulism.

Kuna buƙatar magani don yaƙi da guba da ƙwayoyin cuta ke fitarwa. Ana kiran maganin botulinus antitoxin.

Dole ne ku zauna a asibiti idan kuna da matsalar numfashi. Ana iya saka bututu ta hanci ko baki a cikin bututun iska don samar da hanyar iska ta iskar oxygen. Kuna iya buƙatar na'urar numfashi.

Mutanen da ke da matsalar haɗiye ana iya ba su ruwa ta jijiya (ta hanyar IV). Ana iya saka bututun ciyarwa.

Dole ne masu ba da sabis su gaya wa hukumomin kiwon lafiya na jihar ko kuma Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka na Amurka game da mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin cuta, don a cire gurɓataccen abincin daga shaguna.

Ana ba wasu mutane maganin rigakafi, amma ƙila ba koyaushe suke taimakawa ba.

Gaggauta jinya na rage haɗarin mutuwa.

Matsalolin kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke iya haifar da botulism sun haɗa da:

• Fata ciwon huhu da kamuwa da cuta
• Rashin ƙarfi na dogon lokaci
• Matsalolin tsarin jijiyoyi har zuwa shekara 1
• Rashin numfashi

Je zuwa dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar 911) idan kuna zargin botulism.

KADA KA taɓa ba da zuma ko syrup na masara ga yara ƙanana masu shekara 1 - ba ɗan ɗan ɗanɗano kawai a kan mai kwantar da zuciya ba.

Kare botulism na jarirai ta hanyar shayarwa kawai, idan za ta yiwu.

Koyaushe zubar da gwangwani ko kayan abinci masu adana ƙanshi. Sterter abinci na gida-gwangwani ta matsi dafa shi a 250 ° F (121 ° C) na minti 30 na iya rage haɗarin botulism. Ziyarci Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizon don ƙarin bayani game da lafiyar cin abincin gida a www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/communication/home-canning-and-botulism.html.

Kiyaye dankakken dankalin turawa da zafi ko a cikin firiji, ba a zafin dakin ba. Man shafawa tare da tafarnuwa ko sauran ganyen ya kamata suma a sanyaya su kamar yadda ya kamata ruwan 'ya'yan karas. Tabbatar saita zazzabin firinji a 50 ° F (10 ° C) ko ƙasa.

Bulaliyar jarirai

• Kwayar cuta

Birch tarin fuka, Bleck TP. Botulism (Clostridium botulinum). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 245.

Norton LE, Schleiss MR. Botulism (Clostridium botulinum). A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 237.