Q zazzabi

Q zazzabi cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta kwayoyin cuta da ke yaduwa ta dabbobin gida da na daji da kaska.

Q zazzabi ne ke haifar da kwayoyin cuta Coxiella burnetii, wanda ke rayuwa cikin dabbobin gida kamar shanu, tumaki, awaki, tsuntsaye, da kuliyoyi. Wasu dabbobin daji da kaska suma suna dauke da wadannan kwayoyin cuta.

Kuna iya kamuwa da zazzabin Q ta hanyar shan danyen madara (wanda ba a shafa shi ba), ko kuma bayan an shaka a cikin turbaya ko digon ruwa a cikin iska wadanda suka gurbace da najjin dabbobi masu dauke da cutar, jini, ko kayan haihuwa.

Mutanen da ke cikin barazanar kamuwa da cutar sun hada da ma’aikatan mayanka, likitocin dabbobi, masu bincike, masu sarrafa abinci, da tumaki da shanu. Maza sun fi kamuwa da cutar fiye da mata. Mafi yawan mutanen da suke kamuwa da cutar ta Q za su kasance tsakanin shekaru 30 zuwa 70.

A wasu lokuta ma ba safai ba, cutar kan shafi yara, musamman wadanda ke zaune a gona. A yara masu kamuwa da cutar ƙasa da shekaru 3, yawanci ana lura da zazzabin Q yayin neman dalilin ciwon huhu.

Kwayar cutar yawanci yakan bunkasa makonni 2 zuwa 3 bayan sun haɗu da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana kiran wannan lokacin lokacin shiryawa. Yawancin mutane ba su da alamun bayyanar. Wasu na iya samun matsakaiciyar alamomin kama da mura. Idan bayyanar cututtuka ta faru, zasu iya ɗaukar tsawon makonni.

Kwayar cutar ta yau da kullun na iya haɗawa da:

• Dry tari (mara amfani)
• Zazzaɓi
• Ciwon kai
• Hadin gwiwa tare (arthralgia)
• Ciwon tsoka

Sauran cututtukan da za su iya haɓaka sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki
• Ciwon kirji
• Jaundice (raunin fata da fararen idanu)
• Rash

Gwajin jiki na iya bayyana sauti mara kyau (fashewa) a cikin huhu ko faɗaɗa hanta da baƙin ciki. A ƙarshen matakan cutar, ana iya jin ƙarar zuciya.

Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• X-ray na kirji don gano ciwon huhu ko wasu canje-canje
• Gwajin jini don bincika rigakafin cutar zuwa Coxiella burnetti
• Gwajin aikin hanta
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC) tare da bambanci
• Narkar da kyallen takarda na kyallen takarda don gano ƙwayoyin cuta
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) ko echocardiogram (amsa kuwwa) don duba zuciya don canje-canje

Jiyya tare da maganin rigakafi na iya rage tsawon cutar. Maganin rigakafi da ake amfani da shi yawanci sun haɗa da tetracycline da doxycycline. Mata masu ciki ko yara waɗanda har yanzu suna da haƙori na jarirai bai kamata su sha tetracycline da baki ba saboda yana iya ɓata hakora har abada.

Yawancin mutane suna samun sauki da magani. Koyaya, rikitarwa na iya zama mai tsanani kuma wani lokacin har ma da barazanar rai. Q zazzabi ya kamata a bi da shi koyaushe idan ya haifar da alamun.

A cikin al'amuran da ba safai ba, Q zazzabi na haifar da kamuwa da zuciya wanda ke haifar da mummunan alamomi ko ma mutuwa idan ba a kula da shi ba. Sauran rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon ƙashi (osteomyelitis)
• Ciwon kwakwalwa (encephalitis)
• Ciwon hanta (cutar hepatitis)
• Ciwon huhu (ciwon huhu)

Kira mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya idan kun sami bayyanar cututtukan Q zazzabi. Hakanan kira idan anyi muku maganin Q zazzabi kuma alamun sun dawo ko sabbin alamu sun bayyana.

Pasteurization na madara na lalata ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da zazzabin Q na farkon. Yakamata a binciki dabbobin gida da alamun zazzabin Q idan mutane da suka kamu da su sun kamu da alamomin cutar.

• Gwargwadon yanayin zafi

Bolgiano EB, Sexton J. Cututtuka da ke tattare da cututtuka. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 126.

Hartzell JD, Marrie TJ, Raoult D. Coxiella burnetti (Q zazzabi). A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 188.