Rashin lafiyar abinci

Rashin lafiyar abinci nau'in amsa ne na rigakafi wanda ƙwai, kirki, madara, kifin kifi ko wani takamaiman abinci ya haifar.

Mutane da yawa suna da rashin haƙuri game da abinci. Wannan kalmar yawanci tana nufin ciwon zuciya, ciwon ciki, ciwon ciki, ko zawo wanda zai iya faruwa bayan sun ci abinci kamar:

• Kayan masara
• Madarar shanu da kayan madara (rashin haƙuri da lactose)
• Alkama da sauran hatsin da ke dauke da alkama (cutar celiac)

Gaskiyar rashin lafiyan abinci ba ta da yawa.

Tsarin garkuwar jiki yakan kare jiki daga abubuwa masu cutarwa, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan yana yin tasiri ga abubuwa na ƙasashen waje waɗanda ake kira allergens. Wadannan yawanci basu da lahani, kuma a yawancin mutane, basa haifar da matsala.

A cikin mutumin da ke fama da rashin lafiyan abinci, amsawar rigakafi yana da ƙima. Lokacin da ya gano mai cutar, tsarin na rigakafi yana ƙaddamar da martani. Ana sakin sinadarai kamar su tarihi. Wadannan sunadarai suna haifar da alamun rashin lafiyan.

Duk wani abinci na iya haifar da wani abu na rashin lafiyan. Mafi yawan cututtukan abinci sune:

• Qwai (mafi yawa a yara)
• Kifi (yara da manya)
• Milk (mutane na kowane zamani)
• Kirki (mutane na kowane zamani)
• Shellfish kamar su shrimp, kaguwa, da lobster (mutanen kowane zamani)
• Soy (mafi yawa a yara)
• Gyaran bishiyoyi (mutane na kowane zamani)
• Alkama (mutane na kowane zamani)

A cikin al'amuran da ba safai ba, abubuwan da ake sakawa na abinci, kamar fenti, lokacin farin ciki, da masu adana abubuwa na iya haifar da rashin lafiyar abinci ko rashin haƙuri.

Wasu mutane suna da alerji na baka. Wannan cuta ce ta rashin lafiyan da ke shafar baki da harshe bayan sun ci wasu sabbin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari:

• Kabewa, tuffa, abarba, da sauran abinci suna ɗauke da abubuwa waɗanda suke kamanceceniya da wasu fulawa.
• Abin da ake yi galibi yakan faru ne lokacin da kuka ci ɗanyen nau'in abinci. Yaya tsananin tasirin ya dogara da yawan abincin da kuke ci.

Kwayar cutar galibi tana farawa ne tsakanin awanni 2 bayan cin abinci. Wasu lokuta, alamun suna farawa sa'o'i bayan cin abincin.

Babban alamun alamun rashin lafiyar abinci sun haɗa da amya, da ƙaramar murya, da kuzari.

Sauran cututtukan da za su iya faruwa sun haɗa da:

• Kumburi (angioedema), musamman na fatar ido, fuska, lebe, da harshe
  
• Matsalar haɗiye ko numfashi saboda kumburin makogwaro
• Chingaiƙayi na baki, maƙogwaro, idanu, fata, ko wani yanki
• Fuskantar kai ko suma
• Cutar hanci, hanci mai iska
• Ciwon ciki, gudawa, tashin zuciya, ko amai

Kwayar cututtuka na bakin (na baka) rashin lafiyar rashin lafiya:

• Leɓe masu zafi, harshe, da maƙogwaro
• Kumbura lebe (wani lokacin)

A cikin mawuyacin hali, da ake kira anafilaxis, ban da alamun alamun da ke sama, ƙila ka sami saukar karfin jini da toshe hanyoyin iska. Wannan na iya zama barazanar rai.

Jini ko gwajin fata wasu lokuta ana amfani dasu don tabbatar da cewa kuna da rashin lafiyan. -Alubalen abinci sau biyu makaɗaici shine hanya ɗaya don binciko ƙoshin gaskiya abinci Yayin wannan gwajin, ku da mai ba da lafiyar ku ba za ku san abin da kuke ci ba.

Tare da abincin kawarwa, kuna guje wa abincin da ake zargi har sai alamunku sun ɓace. Sannan zaku sake cin abincin don ganin ko kun kamu da rashin lafiyan.

A cikin gwajin tsokana (ƙalubale), kuna cin ɗan ƙaramin abincin da ake zargi ƙarƙashin kulawar likita. Irin wannan gwajin na iya haifar da halayen rashin lafiyan mai tsanani. Yakamata mai gwadawa ya yi gwajin kalubale kawai.

Kada ka taɓa yin wani yunƙuri ko haifar da wani abinci da kanka. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen ya kamata a yi su kawai a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai ba da sabis, musamman ma idan aikinku na farko ya kasance mai tsanani.

Idan ka yi tsammanin kai ko yaronka suna da cutar rashin abinci, duba ƙwararren likitan alerji (likitan alerji).

Jiyya na iya ƙunsar kowane ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Guji abinci (wannan shine magani mafi inganci).
• Rashin hankali, lokacin da kuke cin ɗan ƙaramin abinci kowace rana. Wannan dole ne a yi shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin likitan asirin.

Sauran jiyya, gami da cututtukan alerji da maganin rigakafi, ba a tabbatar da su ba don taimakawa game da ƙoshin abinci.

Idan yaronka yana da matsala game da madarar madarar shanu, mai ba da sabis naka na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da tsarin hada waken soya ko wani abu da ake kira elemental formula, idan akwai shi.

Idan kana da alamomi a bangare daya na jiki, misali, amya a cinya bayan cin abincin, mai yiwuwa ba ka bukatar wani magani. Da alama alamun cutar za su tafi cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Antihistamines na iya taimakawa rashin jin daɗi. Hakanan mayukan shafawa na fata na iya ba da ɗan sauƙi.

Idan an gano ku tare da rashin lafiyar abinci, koya yadda ake amfani da epinephrine inject. Ya kamata ku kasance tare da ku a kowane lokaci. Idan kuka ci gaba da kowane irin aiki mai tsanani ko duka jiki (har ma da amya) bayan cin abincin:

• Yi allurar epinephrine.
• Sannan je asibiti mafi kusa ko wuraren gaggawa kai tsaye, zai fi dacewa da motar asibiti.

Groupsungiyoyin masu zuwa na iya ba da ƙarin bayani game da cutar abinci:

• Cibiyar Nazarin Asma da Immunology ta Amurka - www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/allergies/food-allergies
• Binciken Allergy da Ilimi (FARE) - www.foodallergy.org/
• Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya da Cututtuka - www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/food-allergy

Rashin lafiyan da ke tattare da gyaɗa, kwayayen bishiyoyi, da kifin kifi na dau tsawon rayuwa.

Guje wa matsalar abinci na iya zama da sauƙi idan abincin baƙon abu ne ko kuma mai sauƙin ganewa. Lokacin cin abinci a waje, yi cikakken tambayoyi game da abincin da aka kawo ku. Lokacin sayen abinci, karanta abubuwan kunshin a hankali.

Anaphylaxis mummunan aiki ne, rashin lafiyan jiki wanda ke barazanar rai. Kodayake mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan rashin lafiyar baki suna iya samun tasirin rashin lafiya a cikin wasu lokuta, ya kamata su tambayi likitansu idan suna buƙatar ɗaukar epinephrine mai allura.

Rashin lafiyar abinci na iya haifar da cutar ko cutar asma, eczema, ko wasu matsaloli.

Matakai don ɗauka lokacin da cutar rashin lafiyan abinci ta auku:

• Kira lambar gaggawa na gida, kamar 911, idan kuna da wasu halayen haɗari ko duka na jiki, musamman numfashi ko wahalar numfashi, bayan cin abinci.
• Idan mai ba ka sabis ya rubuta maganin epinephrine don tsananin halayen, yi masa allura da wuri-wuri, tun kafin a kira 911. Da zarar ka yi allurar epinephrine, da kyau.
• Duk wanda ya sami rashin lafiyan abinci ya kamata a ganshi masanin rashin lafiyan.

Shayar da nono na iya taimakawa wajen hana kamuwa da cuta. In ba haka ba, babu wata sananniyar hanyar hana cutar abinci.

Babban imani da aiki shine jinkirta gabatar da abinci mai haifar da rashin lafiyan ga jarirai har sai hanjinsu na hanji ya sami damar balaga. Lokaci don wannan ya bambanta daga abinci zuwa abinci kuma daga jariri zuwa jariri.

Guji gyada a farkon yarinta bai bayyana yana hanawa ba, kuma ma yana iya inganta, ci gaban rashin lafiyar gyada. Yanzu haka likitoci sun ba da shawarar gabatar da abinci mai dauke da gyada ga jarirai, wanda hakan na iya hana cutar gyada. Yi magana da mai ba da ɗanka don ƙarin koyo.

Da zarar rashin lafia ya ɓullo, a hankali guje wa abincin da ke cutar yawanci yana hana ƙarin matsaloli.

Allergy zuwa abinci; Abincin alerji - gyaɗa; Abincin alerji - waken soya; Abincin alerji - kifi; Abincin abincin - kifin kifi; Abincin alerji - ƙwai; Abincin alerji - madara

• myPlate
• Anaphylaxis
• Rashin lafiyar abinci
• Karanta alamun abinci
• Ciwon cututtukan fata
• Antibodies

Bird JA, Jones S, Burks W. Abincin abinci. A cikin: Rich RR, Fleisher TA, Shearer WT, Schroeder HW, Frew AJ, Weyand CM, eds. Immunology na Clinical: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 45.

Sicherer SH, Rashin G, Jones SM. Gudanar da rashin lafiyan abinci. A cikin: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton ta Allergy: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 82.

Togias A, Cooper SF, Acebal ML, et al.Bayanin Addendum don rigakafin rashin lafiyar gyada a Amurka: rahoto na National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases-masu daukar nauyin kwamitin kwararru. J Rashin lafiyar Clin Immunol. 2017; 139 (1): 29-44. PMID: 28065278 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28065278/.