Rushewar jijiyoyin ido

Rufewar jijiyar bayan gida wani toshewa ne a daya daga cikin kananan jijiyoyin dake daukar jini zuwa ga ido. Retina wani nau'in nama ne a bayan ido wanda yake iya fahimtar haske.

Jijiyoyin baya zasu iya toshewa yayin da daskarewar jini ko kayan mai suka makale a jijiyoyin. Wadannan toshewar sun fi yiwuwa idan akwai kaurin jijiyoyin (atherosclerosis) a cikin ido.

Makirci na iya tafiya daga wasu sassan jiki ya toshe jijiyar a cikin tantanin ido. Mafi yawan hanyoyin samun dasassu sune zuciya da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin wuya a wuya.

Yawancin toshewa suna faruwa ne a cikin mutane masu yanayi kamar:

• Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini na Carotid, wanda manyan jijiyoyin jini biyu a cikin wuya suka zama ƙuntata ko toshewa
• Ciwon suga
• Matsalar bugun zuciya (atrial fibrillation)
• Matsalar bugun zuciya
• Babban matakan mai a cikin jini (hyperlipidemia)
• Hawan jini
• Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta
• Yanayin arteritis na lokaci-lokaci (lalacewar jijiyoyin saboda amsawar rigakafi)

Idan an toshe wani reshen jijiyar bayan kwayar cutar, wani bangare na kwayar ido ba zai samu isasshen jini da iskar oxygen ba. Idan wannan ya faru, zaku iya rasa wani ɓangare na hangen nesa.

Kwatsam dushewa ko asarar gani na iya faruwa a:

• Duk ido ɗaya (ɓoyayyen jijiya ta tsakiya ko CRAO)
• Wani ɓangare na ido ɗaya (ɓoyewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko BRAO)

Rufewar jijiyar bayan ido na iya wucewa kawai ‘yan sakan ko mintuna, ko kuma ya iya zama na dindindin.

Jigon jini a cikin ido na iya zama alamar gargaɗi na daskarewa a wani wuri. Jigon jini a cikin kwakwalwa na iya haifar da bugun jini.

Gwaje-gwajen don tantance kwayar ido na iya hadawa da:

• Gwajin kwayar ido bayan fadada dalibin
• Fluorescein angiography
• Raarfin intraocular
• Amsar dalibi
• Ragewa
• Rikicin retinal
• Tsaga fitilar jarrabawa
• Gwajin hangen nesa (gwajin filin gani)
• Kaifin gani

Janar gwaje-gwaje ya kamata ya haɗa da:

• Ruwan jini
• Gwajin jini, gami da cholesterol da matakan triglyceride da ƙimar zafin erythrocyte
• Gwajin jiki

Gwaje-gwaje don gano asalin gudan jini daga wani sashin jiki:

• Echocardiogram
• Kayan lantarki
• Kulawa da zuciya don bugun zuciya mara kyau
• Duplex Doppler duban dan tayi na jijiyoyin karotid

Babu wani tabbataccen magani na rashin gani wanda ya shafi dukkan ido, sai dai idan wata rashin lafiya ce ta haifar da shi.

Za a iya gwada jiyya da yawa. Don taimakawa, dole ne a ba da waɗannan magungunan a tsakanin 2 zuwa 4 hours bayan fara bayyanar cututtuka. Koyaya, ba a taɓa tabbatar da fa'idar waɗannan jiyya ba, kuma ba safai ake amfani da su ba.

• Numfashi a cikin (shaƙar iska) cakuda carbon dioxide-oxygen. Wannan maganin yana haifar da jijiyoyin jijiyar ido zuwa fadada.
• Massage na ido.
• Cire ruwa daga cikin ido. Likitan yana amfani da allura ne dan fitar da dan ruwa daga gaban ido. Wannan yana haifar da saurin saukar da matsa lamba na ido, wanda a wasu lokuta na iya haifar da daskarewa zuwa karamin jijiyoyin reshe inda zai haifar da rauni kadan.
• Magungunan ƙwayoyin jini, mai kunnawa plasminogen activator (tPA).

Ya kamata mai ba da kiwon lafiya ya nemi dalilin toshewar. Toshewar na iya zama alamun cutar likita mai barazanar rai.

Mutanen da suke toshewar jijiyar baya ba za su dawo da ganinsu ba.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Glaucoma (CRAO kawai)
• Rashin gani ko cikakke a cikin ido mai cutar
• Bugun jini (saboda irin abubuwan da ke haifar da ɓoyewar jijiyoyin ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki, ba wai don ɓoyewar kanta ba)

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kuna da saurin gani ko gani.

Matakan da aka yi amfani dasu don hana wasu cututtukan jijiyoyin jini (na jijiyoyin jini), kamar cututtukan jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, na iya rage haɗarin sake ɓoyewar jijiyoyin ido. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Cin abinci mara nauyi
• Motsa jiki
• Tsayawa shan taba
• Rashin nauyi idan kiba tayi

Wani lokaci, ana iya amfani da sikanin jini don hana jijiyyar sake toshewa. Ana amfani da maganin aspirin ko wasu magungunan hana daskarewa idan matsalar ta kasance a jijiyoyin carotid. Ana amfani da Warfarin ko wasu karin jini masu karfi idan matsalar a zuciya ce.

Retunƙarar ƙwayar jijiyoyin tsakiya; CRAO; Rancharancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar reshe; BRAO; Rashin hangen nesa - rufewar jijiyoyin ido; Rashin gani - rufewar jijiyoyin ido

• Akan tantanin ido

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Cututtuka na tsarin gani. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 395.

Crouch ER, Crouch ER, Grant TR. Ilimin lafiyar ido. A cikin: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. Littafin karatun Magungunan Iyali. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 17.

Duker JS, Duker JS. Toshewar jijiyoyin ido A cikin: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ilimin lafiyar ido. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 6.19.

Patel PS, Sadda SR. Rushewar jijiyoyin ido A cikin: Schachat AP, Sadda SR, Hinton DR, Wilkinson CP, Wiedemann P, eds. Ryan's Retina. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 54.

Salmon JF. Rashin kwayar cutar jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin: Salmon JF, ed. Kanski na Clinical Ophthalmology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 13.