Nerorozing enterocolitis

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) shine mutuwar nama a cikin hanji. Yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin lokacin haihuwa ko jarirai marasa lafiya.

NEC na faruwa yayin da murfin bangon hanji ya mutu. Wannan matsalar kusan koyaushe tana tasowa ne a cikin jariri wanda bashi da lafiya ko kuma bai isa haihuwa ba. Zai yiwu ya faru yayin da jaririn ke asibiti.

Ba a san ainihin abin da ya haifar da wannan matsalar ba. Saukad da gudan jini zuwa hanji na iya lalata nama. Hakanan kwayoyin cutar cikin hanji na iya ƙara matsalar. Hakanan, jariran da basu isa haihuwa ba suna da matakan kariya ba tare da bunkasa ba ga abubuwa kamar ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙarancin jini. Rashin daidaituwa a cikin ƙa'idodin ƙaura yana da alaƙa a cikin NEC.

Yaran da ke cikin haɗari mafi girma ga yanayin sun haɗa da:

• Yara da wuri
• Yaran da ake ciyar da madara maimakon madarar mutum. (Madarar ɗan adam ta ƙunshi abubuwan haɓaka, ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda na iya taimakawa hana matsalar.)
• Yara a cikin gandun daji inda cutar ta barke
• Yaran da suka karɓi ƙarin jini ko kuma sun yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani

Kwayar cutar na iya zuwa a hankali ko kwatsam, kuma na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwan ciki
• Jini a cikin buta
• Gudawa
• Matsalar ciyarwa
• Rashin kuzari
• Zafin jiki mara ƙarfi
• Rashin natsuwa, bugun zuciya, ko hawan jini
• Amai

Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• X-ray na ciki
• Sanda don gwajin jinin sihiri (guaiac)
• CBC (cikakken jini)
• Matakan lantarki, iskar gas da sauran gwajin jini

Jiyya ga jariri wanda zai iya samun NEC galibi ya haɗa da:

• Kashe ciyarwar ciki (GI tract)
• Sauke gas a cikin hanji ta hanyar saka bututu a ciki
• Bada ruwa da abinci mai gina jiki
• Bada maganin rigakafi na IV
• Kulawa da yanayin tare da x-ray na ciki, gwajin jini, da aunawar iskar gas

Jariri zai bukaci tiyata idan akwai rami a cikin hanjinsa ko kumburin bangon ciki (peritonitis).

A wannan aikin, likita zai:

• Cire mataccen hanji
• Yi kwalliyar kwalliya ko kuma gyaran jiki

Ana iya sake haɗa hanji bayan makonni da yawa ko watanni lokacin da cutar ta warke.

Necrotizing enterocolitis cuta ce mai tsanani. Har zuwa 40% na jarirai masu NEC suna mutuwa daga gare ta. Da wuri, magani mai tsauri na iya taimakawa inganta sakamakon.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon mara
• Sepsis
• Hankalin hanji
• Matsan hanji
• Matsalar hanta daga rashin ƙarfi na tsawon lokaci don haƙuri da abincin ciki da buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki na iyaye (IV)
• Shortananan cututtukan hanji idan an rasa babban hanji

Samun likita na gaggawa idan duk alamun bayyanar cutar necrotizing enterocolitis sun bunkasa. Yaran da aka kwantar da su a asibiti don rashin lafiya ko rashin lokacin haihuwa suna cikin haɗarin NEC. Ana sa musu ido sosai game da wannan matsalar kafin a tura su gida.

• Hanjin hanjin jarirai

Caplan M. Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. A cikin: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff da Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: babi na 94.

Greenberg JM, Haberman B, Narendran V, Nathan AT, Schibler K. Neonatal cututtukan cututtukan asali. A cikin: Resnik R, Lockwood CJ, Moore TR, Greene MF, Copel JA, Silver RM, eds. Creasy da Resnik na Maganin Uwar-Gida: Ka'idoji da Ayyuka. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 73.

PC inji. Kwayar microbiome da lafiyar yara. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 196.