Alkalosis

Alkalosis wani yanayi ne wanda ruwan jiki ke samun tushe mai yawa (alkali). Wannan kishiyar yawan acid ne (acidosis)

Kodan da huhu suna kula da daidaitattun (matakin pH mai dacewa) na sunadarai da ake kira acid da asasai a cikin jiki. Raguwar matakin carbon dioxide (acid) ko ƙarar sinadarin bicarbonate (tushe) yana sa jiki ya zama alkaline sosai, yanayin da ake kira alkalosis. Akwai nau'ikan alkalosis. Wadannan an bayyana su a ƙasa.

Alkalosis na numfashi yana haifar da ƙarancin carbon dioxide a cikin jini. Wannan na iya zama saboda:

• Zazzaɓi
• Kasancewa a cikin babban tsauni
• Rashin oxygen
• Ciwon Hanta
• Cutar huhu, wanda ke haifar da numfashi da sauri (hyperventilate)
• Guba ta aspirin

Alkalosis na rayuwa yana haifar da yawan bicarbonate a cikin jini. Hakanan yana iya faruwa saboda wasu cututtukan koda.

Hypochloremic alkalosis yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙarancin rashi ko asarar chloride, kamar daga dogon lokacin amai.

Hypokalemic alkalosis yana faruwa ne ta hanyar amsawar kodan zuwa matsanancin rashi ko asarar sinadarin potassium. Wannan na iya faruwa daga shan wasu kwayoyi na ruwa (diuretics).

Alkalosis mai rahusa yana faruwa yayin da jiki ya dawo daidaitaccen tushen acid zuwa kusan na al'ada a cikin yanayin alkalosis, amma matakan bicarbonate da carbon dioxide sun kasance marasa kyau.

Kwayar cututtukan alkalosis na iya haɗawa da kowane ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Rikicewa (na iya ci gaba zuwa wawanci ko suma)
• Girgiza hannu
• Haskewar kai
• Tsokar tsoka
• Tashin zuciya, amai
• Jin ƙyama ko ƙwanƙwasawa a fuska, hannaye, ko ƙafa
• Raunin tsoka mai tsayi (tetany)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamunku.

Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da za a iya yin oda sun haɗa da:

• Binciken gas na jini.
• Gwajin Electrolytes, kamar su na yau da kullun don tabbatar da alkalosis da kuma nuna shin numfashi ne ko alkalosis na rayuwa.

Ana iya buƙatar wasu gwaje-gwaje don ƙayyade dalilin alkalosis. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Fitsari
• Fitsarin pH

Don magance alkalosis, mai ba da sabis yana buƙatar fara gano dalilin.

Don alkalosis wanda ya haifar da hauhawar jini, numfashi a cikin jakar takarda yana baka damar kiyaye karin carbon dioxide a jikinka, wanda ke inganta alkalosis. Idan yawan iskar oksijinka yayi ƙasa, zaka iya samun oxygen.

Ana iya buƙatar magunguna don gyara asarar sinadarai (kamar chloride da potassium). Mai ba da sabis ɗinku zai kula da alamunku masu muhimmanci (zafin jiki, bugun jini, yawan numfashi, da bugun jini).

Yawancin lokuta na alkalosis suna amsawa da kyau ga magani.

Ba a bi da shi ba ko ba a kula da shi da kyau ba, rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Arrhythmias (bugawar zuciya da sauri, da jinkiri, ko ba bisa ka'ida ba)
• Coma
• Rashin daidaiton lantarki (kamar karancin matakin potassium)

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun rikice, ba za ku iya mai da hankali, ko ku kasa "ɗaukar numfashinku ba."

Jeka dakin gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa (kamar 911) idan akwai:

• Rashin hankali
• Ci gaba da kara bayyanar cututtuka na alkalosis
• Kamawa
• Matsalar numfashi mai tsanani

Rigakafin ya dogara da dalilin alkalosis.Mutanen da ke da lafiya da koda da huhu yawanci ba su da cutar alkalosis.

• Kodan

Effros RM, Swenson ER. Aikin acid-base. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin rubutu na Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: sura 7.

Oh MS, Briefel G. Kimantawa game da aikin koda, ruwa, wutan lantarki, da daidaiton tushen acid. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 14.

Seifter JL. Rikicin Acid-base. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi 110.